This document discusses HIV/AIDS in prisons. It notes that prevention efforts like condoms are contraband and education is needed. Over 2 million people are incarcerated in US prisons, of which 1.4% have HIV/AIDS. HIV damages the immune system, while AIDS is the resulting infection. There is no cure for HIV/AIDS but medications can slow its progression. Prison conditions like overcrowding and lack of hygiene worsen illness. Sharing needles for tattoos and drug use spreads HIV. Prisons have higher HIV rates than the general population due to unprotected sex, rape, needle sharing and lack of education. HIV/AIDS was previously the second leading cause of death in US prisons.
HIV/AIDS among Persons aged 50 years and older
United States Population Boom
HIV/AIDS Risk Factors for Persons aged 50 years and older
Age-related Disparities in HIV/AIDS Prevention Barriers for Older Persons
Major Efforts to Address HIV/AIDS among Older Persons
Next Steps
What’s HIV and AIDS ?
Difference between HIV and AIDS ?
Progression of HIV and AIDS.
Transmission of HIV.
Antiretroviral Therapy.
Testing for HIV Infection.
HIV/AIDS among Persons aged 50 years and older
United States Population Boom
HIV/AIDS Risk Factors for Persons aged 50 years and older
Age-related Disparities in HIV/AIDS Prevention Barriers for Older Persons
Major Efforts to Address HIV/AIDS among Older Persons
Next Steps
What’s HIV and AIDS ?
Difference between HIV and AIDS ?
Progression of HIV and AIDS.
Transmission of HIV.
Antiretroviral Therapy.
Testing for HIV Infection.
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Running head RESEARCH PAPER1RESEARCH PAPER.docxtodd521
Running head: RESEARCH PAPER
1
RESEARCH PAPER
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Research Paper on HIV and AIDS
Kimberly H. Morgan
EDRC-533: Medical and Psychosocial Aspects
Dr. Michelle L. Priester
April 30, 2018
HIV/AIDS
Abstract
HIV is a virus that causes AIDS. The term in full stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This virus has led to massive deaths globally with many more people being infected as well as being affected by the effects of the virus. In this paper, we shall describe the virus in depth, showing how it gets into a person's body, its causes and symptoms. We shall also discuss its prevalence and how it has affected people's lives. Most importantly, we shall discuss how a person can be treated after being infected with the virus. Finally, we shall study various preventative measures that can be used against the virus.
HIV Definition
The term HIV means Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This is a virus that makes the immune system of a person weak through destruction of vital cells that fight infection and diseases. To date, there is no existence of a cure in the United States nor in other parts of the world. Nevertheless, it is easy to prevent HIV infection through varying control measures. . Depending on different factors, some people are more prone to getting infected than others. Such factors include risky sexual behaviors, sex partners and environment (CDC, 2018).HIV is to a large extent spread through unsafe sex, blood contamination, needles, breastfeeding, and delivery and from a mother to her child during pregnancy.
AIDS Definition
Unlike HIV that is a virus, AIDS is a full-blown disease caused by HIV virus. Once a person's immune system becomes extremely weak, then he\she is said to have AIDS. At this moment, a person's immune system is not able to fight diseases or infection. There are certain illnesses and symptoms that develop as a result of a person contracting AIDS. This can also be described as the last HIV stage since at this moment the infection is highly advanced. If the symptoms of this disease are not controlled or treated, a person ends up losing life (Avert, 2017).
How a Person Get Infected with HIV and HIV Life-cycle
HIV attacks T- helper cells which are also known as CD4 cells. This are some forms of white cells. A person is able to have a strong immune system through CD4 cells being healthy because it's the only way they can be able to fight infections and diseases. It is not possible for HIV to reproduce or grow without being in T-helper cells. HIV makes many copies or reproduces while inside these cells. As a result of the reproduction, the immune system gets damaged which causes it to weak a person's natural immune system. The overall health of a person is the main determinant of how the HIV virus grows. Other determinants of HIV growth is how constant a person takes treatment and how early a person gets diagonalzed. If the antiretroviral treatment is taken correctly, then the immune system remains healthy hence pr.
This presentation offers stats, trends, and factors associated with higher HIV-infection risk and how clinicians can attend to it.This was my presentation for Bayless Bahavioral Health- Didactic training on 12.10.13, it explores the HIV problem in the US and AZ and
HIV (Humab immunidefiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If HIV is not treated, It can lead to AIDS (acquired immunidefiency syndrome.
1. LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN PRISON
Prevention?
• Condoms (considered
contraband)
• Educating inmates
• Nutrition
• Programs
• Improvement of prison
conditions
More than 2,000,000
people are incarcerated
prisons around the US…
1.4% have HIV or AIDS
HIV? According to the Mayo Clinic, HIV,
or human immunodeficiency virus, is a
sexually transmitted infection. It can also
be spread by contact with infected blood
or from mother to child during pregnancy,
childbirth or breast-feeding. It can take
years before HIV weakens your immune
system to the point that you get AIDS
(2014).
AIDS? AIDS, or acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome, is a chronic, potentially life-
threatening condition caused by the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV). By damaging
your immune system, HIV interferes with your
body's ability to fight the organisms that cause
disease (Mayo Clinic, 2014).
Cure? Currently there is no cure for
HIV/AIDS, but there are medications that
can dramatically slow down disease’s
progression. These drugs have reduced
AIDS deaths in many developed nations,
but HIV continues to decimate
populations in Africa, Haiti and parts of
Asia (Mayo Clinic 2014).
Poor prison conditions such as overcrowding, a shortage of clean
water, inadequate natural lighting and ventilation and poor facilities for
personal hygiene also worsen the situation for those who are suffering
from any illness. The use of contaminated injecting equipment when
using drugs is one of the primary routes of HIV transmission in
prisons. possessing a needle is often a punishable offence (UNAIDS
1997) therefore, many people just share equipment that has not been
sterilized between uses. By sharing needles for homemade tattoos
between drug-using inmates are basically asking for HIV/AIDS. In prisons,
the atmosphere is usually one of violence and fear while including sexual
tensions. The consumption of drugs or in sex releases the inmates from
these tensions, and from the boredom of prison life (1997).
PRISONS ARE A
HIGH-RISK
BREEDING
GROUND FOR HIV
TRANSMISSION
“This is a global prison crisis.”
Although reliable
figures are hard to
come by, the
prevalence of HIV in
prisons is generally
much higher than in a
country's wider
population.
While about 10 million people are
incarcerated every year, some 30
million enter and leave prisons
annually…making it a public health
problem for society.
(Photo: Ca. Dep’t. of Corrections)Jail overcrowding for L.A.City Beat
by Jordan Crane
By: Catherine Tilman
Advisor: Sheldon Goodrum
Causes?
• Unprotected sex
• Rape
• Sharing needles
(drugs and tattooing)
• Vulnerability
• Lack of education
• Inconsistent
medication
Only protective behavior will protect
you from HIV.
Since the 1980s, AIDS was the second leading cause of death
among state prisoners in the United States and was identified as the
leading cause of death in some correctional systems (Maruschak
2002). Throughout the past 20 years, HIV/AIDS has increased and
decreased many times in U.S. inmates (2002). Yet, the number of
confirmed AIDS cases among prisoners has remained about four
times higher than the U.S. general population (2002).