5. INTRO TO HIV/AIDS
• HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is a virus that infects cells of the
immune system, destroying or impairing their function.
• AIDS- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, advance stage of HIV
infection, T- Cell count less than 200.
• Occurrence of opportunistic infections that take advantage of weakened
immune system.
6. QUICK HISTORY OF HIV/AIDS
Green Monkey, Sooty
Mangabey, Chimpanzee
Primate Virus
• Believed to originate from certain
subspecies of chimpanzees and
green monkeys.
• West central Africa is noted to be
the origin of such viruses.
• Transmitted by the handler of these
animals through infectious bites.
8. HOW HIV/AID SPREADS
Agent: Causes of the Disease (The virus)
Host: Carrier of the disease (Race, Sex, Age)
Vector: The Carrier, living organism
Environment: portal entry.
Place where the disease can spread, look at risks of
individuals.
9. HOW HIV/AID SPREADS
• HIV transmitted directly. (Person to person,
Interaction of the human host)
• infectious or other type of agent.
10. CAUSES OF HIV/AIDS
Transmission Channels
• Enter the body through any tear in
the skin or mucous membranes.
• Drug related activities.
• Bodily fluids such as blood, semen,
vaginal and cervical secretions,
and breast milk.
• Least common route is transfusions
of infected blood.
11. UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
The presence of HIV scanning
by an electron micrograph
HIV particles or Virions
12. FOUR STAGES OF HIV/AIDS
• HIV infection may be carried for
years before any symptoms arise.
• Men and Women have different
symptoms and frequency of
occurrence.
• Both show discharge with urination,
pain during intercourse, fever, and
diarrhea.
14. INFORMATIVE STATISTICS
•More than 1.2 million people are living with HIV in the US.
• About 50,000 new HIV infections per year. (CDC, 2010)
• Almost 1 in 7 (14%) are unaware of their infection/have never been diagnosed.
• About 86% of HIV people were diagnosed in 2011.
• 40% were engaged in medical care.
• 37% people who live with HIV are prescribed with HIV medicines.
15. HIV/AIDS ( RACE/ETHNICITY)
• Deaths due to HIV are in a much higher
proportion from black/African American
than any other race.
• 1 in 4 persons with the HIV infection will
die annually.
• 1 in 16 black males and 1 in 32 black
females are estimated to be diagnosed
with the HIV infection
16. FACTS AND STATISTICS
• Over the years the rates of deaths have dropped but status plays a huge role in survival
U.S death rates for people living with HIV is about 24 percent.
• In 2013 , an estimated 1.5 million people have died from AIDS-related causes.
• In 2013, 360,000 deaths due to tuberculous occurred in people living with the AIDS virus.
• About 1 in 7 persons living with HIV are unaware they have the virus.
17. HIV/AIDS INFORMATIVE STATISTICS
(UNITED STATES OF AMERICA)
HIV diagnoses
• In 2012, an estimated 47,989 people
were diagnosed with HIV infection
in the United States.
• About 27,928 people were
diagnosed with AIDS.
Deaths
• In 2011, an estimated 13,834 people
with an AIDS diagnosis have died.
• Overall, 648,459 people have
diagnosed with AIDS.
19. GROUPS WHO ARE AT HIGH RISK
• Blacks/African Americans face the most severe burden of HIV.
• Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) are the highest
group.
• Young black/African American MSM, are most seriously affected by HIV than
heterosexual men.
• •In 2012, African Americans had the largest percentage (47%) of the
estimated 47,989 diagnoses of HIV infection in the United States.
• •In 2012, an estimated 14,102 African Americans were diagnosed with HIV
infection ever classified as stage 3 (AIDS) in the United States.
20. NEW HIV INFECTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES, 2010
• Gay, Bisexual and other when who have sex with other men are the highest risk
group for contracting HIV, 12% of the U.S. population, but accounted for an
estimated 44% of new HIV infections in 2010.
HIV and MSM
21. HIV/AIDS AMONGST
BLACK/AFRICAN AMERICANS
Black/African Americans Men living with HIV
•In 2010, men accounted for 70% (14,700) of HIV cases.
•African American gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with
men represented an estimated 72% (10,600) of new infections.
22. LIFE EXPECTANCY
People living without HIV
• Expected to live 79 years.
People with HIV at 20 years
of age
• Expected to live 71 years if taking
HIV medicines.
• Expected to live 32 years without
taking HIV medicines.
23. HIV/AIDS PREVENTION
• Abstinence.
• Practice safe sex.
• Use condoms.
• Know your status.
• Communicate with your partner.
• Avoid using needles.
• Attending workshops to gain more knowledge on HIV/AIDS.
25. Table 1.
Baral S, Sifakis F, Cleghorn F, Beyrer C (2007) Elevated Risk for HIV Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Low-
and Middle-Income Countries 2000–2006: A Systematic Review. PLoS Med 4(12): e339. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040339
http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.0040339
26. POEM: HIV/AIDS FREE
Life is precious and beautiful
If you want your love to shine
Remember not to spread or take
HIV/AIDS virus
Sheltered life, let us save love
Fidelity and abstinence for a brighter
future
Not overly hurry tomorrow so you will
not regret
Learn to love yourself first
In all you do, remember to protect
yourself
Together, we can have a better
future
A generation free of HIV/AIDS
27. I keep six honest serving-men
(they taught me all I knew)
their names are What, Why,
When, How, Where and who.
-Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936)
28. REFERENCES
1. Baral, S., Sifakis, F., & Beyrer, C. (2007, December 1). Elevated Risk for
HIV Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Low- and Middle-
Income Countries 2000–2006: A Systematic Review. Retrieved October
23, 2014, from http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010).HIV/AIDS
Surveillance Report: Cases of HIV infection and AIDS in the United States
and Dependent Areas, 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2010 from
http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/basic.htm#hivest.
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Monitoring selected
national HIV prevention and care objectives by using HIV surveillance
data: United States and 6 U.S. dependent areas-2011. HIV Surveillance
Supplemental Report, 18 (5).
4. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Estimated HIV
incidence in the United States, 2007–2010. HIV Surveillance
Supplemental Report 2012, 17(4).
