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Symbolism and
Allegory
Symbolism
A symbol is often an ordinary object,
event, person, or animal which we
(humanity) have attached special
meaning or meanings and significance
to it.
Symbols do shift their meanings depending
on the context they are used in. “A chain,”
for example, may stand for “union” as well
as “imprisonment”. Thus, symbolic meaning
of an object or an action is understood by
when, where, and how it is used. It also
depends on who reads the work.
Examples of Symbolism in
Everyday Life:
Flags represent countries
The dove is a symbol
of peace.
A red rose, or the color
red, stands for love or
romance.
Black is a symbol
that represents
evil or death.
Examples of Symbolism in Literature:
• To develop symbolism in his work, a writer utilizes other figures
of speech, like metaphors, similes, and allegory, as tools.
As you Like It (By William Shakespeare)
“All the world’s a stage,
And all the men and women merely players;
they have their exits and their entrances;
And one man in his time plays many parts,”
These lines are symbolic of the fact that men and women, in the course
of their lives, perform different roles. “A stage” here symbolizes the world,
and “players” is a symbol for human beings.
Allegory:
Allegory is a figure of speech in which abstract
ideas and principles are described in terms of
characters, figures, and events. It can be
employed in folk tales and poetry to tell a
story, with a purpose of teaching or explaining
an idea or a principle. The objective of its use
is to teach a moral lesson.
Examples of Allegory in Literature:
• The animals on the farm represent different sections of Russian
society after the revolution.
• For instance, the pigs represent those who came to power following
the revolution; “Mr. Jones,” the owner of the farm, represents the
overthrown Tsar Nicholas II; while “Boxer” the horse, represents the
laborer class. The use of allegory in the novel allows Orwell to make
his position clear about the Russian Revolution and expose its evils.
• Animal Farm (By George Orwell)
Animal Farm, written by George Orwell, is an allegory that uses animals on a
farm to describe the overthrow of the last Russian Tsar, Nicholas II, and the
Communist Revolution of Russia before WW I. The actions of the animals on
the farm are used to expose the greed and corruption of the revolution. It
also describes how powerful people can change the ideology of a society.
One of the cardinal rules on the farm is this:
“All animals are equal, but a few are more equal than others.”
Difference Between Allegory and Symbolism
• Although an allegory uses symbols; it is different from symbolism. An
allegory is a complete narrative that involves characters and events
that stand for an abstract idea or event. A symbol, on the other hand,
is an object that stands for another object, giving it a meaning. Unlike
allegory, symbolism does not tell a story. For example, Plato, in his
Allegory of Cave, tells a story of how some people are ignorant, while
at the same time other people “see the light.” Plato’s allegory stands
for an idea and does not tell an actual story.
The Happy Man’s Shirt
Summary:
• There was a king who loved his son very much but his son (the prince) had
a problem ,he wasn’t satisfied with his life and was always unhappy. The
king tried his best to help his son and find him a cure, so he made a
meeting which gathered all the doctors, philosophers, wise men, and men
with knowledge to find him a solution. The wise men agreed that the king
must find a happy man and exchange his shirt with his son’s. The king
searched and searched until one day, when he was running after a prey he
missed, he found a young man who was singing so he thought that he was
a happy man and he tested and found out that he was happy and satisfied
with his daily life. The king asked him if he can give him his shirt as a cure
to his son, the man accepted and when they opened his jacket to take off
the shirt, they were surprised that the happy man wasn’t wearing a shirt.
Characters:
The King
• Powerful
• rich in material wealth
• love and caring for his son
The Prince
• Rich
• have material wealth
• not satisfied in his life and unhappy
The Priest
• Ambitious, greedy
The Neighboring King
• Powerful
• rich
• have slew of children and beautiful wife
• not satisfied in his life
The Happy Man
• Not rich
• happy
• content in his life
Setting:
•In an old kingdom
(which is common
setting for
folktales),
Moral lesson:
• Even if you were the
most rich and powerful
emperor on earth or the
poorest peasant alive,
that can't affect your
happiness and view for
life, happiness and
satisfaction comes from
within you, from your
view to life, so change it,
so make it better.
Literary skills
Symbolism:
• The story is an example of allegory, so every character and the events
in the story are representing lessons and abstract ideas in real life.
The King: a symbol of power and material wealth and a person who
have everything a person can have in his life
The shirt: External things that may lead in the
view of people to happiness
The prince: a person who has everything he wants, and
he needed ,that appeal to people, that'll make him
content and happy, but he isn’t.
The priest: a person who wants to make his goals
and who's ambitious
The happy man: a person who's satisfied with
his daily life without any addition
Irony:
• Situational:
the end of the story, unexpected ending that the young man
wasn’t wearing a shirt
Tone
• Ironic tone throughout the tale
23
Thanks For
Listening
😉

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Symbolism and Allegory, and The Happy Man's Shirt

  • 2. Symbolism A symbol is often an ordinary object, event, person, or animal which we (humanity) have attached special meaning or meanings and significance to it. Symbols do shift their meanings depending on the context they are used in. “A chain,” for example, may stand for “union” as well as “imprisonment”. Thus, symbolic meaning of an object or an action is understood by when, where, and how it is used. It also depends on who reads the work.
  • 3. Examples of Symbolism in Everyday Life: Flags represent countries The dove is a symbol of peace. A red rose, or the color red, stands for love or romance. Black is a symbol that represents evil or death.
  • 4. Examples of Symbolism in Literature: • To develop symbolism in his work, a writer utilizes other figures of speech, like metaphors, similes, and allegory, as tools. As you Like It (By William Shakespeare) “All the world’s a stage, And all the men and women merely players; they have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts,” These lines are symbolic of the fact that men and women, in the course of their lives, perform different roles. “A stage” here symbolizes the world, and “players” is a symbol for human beings.
  • 5. Allegory: Allegory is a figure of speech in which abstract ideas and principles are described in terms of characters, figures, and events. It can be employed in folk tales and poetry to tell a story, with a purpose of teaching or explaining an idea or a principle. The objective of its use is to teach a moral lesson.
  • 6. Examples of Allegory in Literature: • The animals on the farm represent different sections of Russian society after the revolution. • For instance, the pigs represent those who came to power following the revolution; “Mr. Jones,” the owner of the farm, represents the overthrown Tsar Nicholas II; while “Boxer” the horse, represents the laborer class. The use of allegory in the novel allows Orwell to make his position clear about the Russian Revolution and expose its evils. • Animal Farm (By George Orwell) Animal Farm, written by George Orwell, is an allegory that uses animals on a farm to describe the overthrow of the last Russian Tsar, Nicholas II, and the Communist Revolution of Russia before WW I. The actions of the animals on the farm are used to expose the greed and corruption of the revolution. It also describes how powerful people can change the ideology of a society. One of the cardinal rules on the farm is this: “All animals are equal, but a few are more equal than others.”
  • 7. Difference Between Allegory and Symbolism • Although an allegory uses symbols; it is different from symbolism. An allegory is a complete narrative that involves characters and events that stand for an abstract idea or event. A symbol, on the other hand, is an object that stands for another object, giving it a meaning. Unlike allegory, symbolism does not tell a story. For example, Plato, in his Allegory of Cave, tells a story of how some people are ignorant, while at the same time other people “see the light.” Plato’s allegory stands for an idea and does not tell an actual story.
  • 9. Summary: • There was a king who loved his son very much but his son (the prince) had a problem ,he wasn’t satisfied with his life and was always unhappy. The king tried his best to help his son and find him a cure, so he made a meeting which gathered all the doctors, philosophers, wise men, and men with knowledge to find him a solution. The wise men agreed that the king must find a happy man and exchange his shirt with his son’s. The king searched and searched until one day, when he was running after a prey he missed, he found a young man who was singing so he thought that he was a happy man and he tested and found out that he was happy and satisfied with his daily life. The king asked him if he can give him his shirt as a cure to his son, the man accepted and when they opened his jacket to take off the shirt, they were surprised that the happy man wasn’t wearing a shirt.
  • 11. The King • Powerful • rich in material wealth • love and caring for his son
  • 12. The Prince • Rich • have material wealth • not satisfied in his life and unhappy
  • 14. The Neighboring King • Powerful • rich • have slew of children and beautiful wife • not satisfied in his life
  • 15. The Happy Man • Not rich • happy • content in his life
  • 16. Setting: •In an old kingdom (which is common setting for folktales),
  • 17. Moral lesson: • Even if you were the most rich and powerful emperor on earth or the poorest peasant alive, that can't affect your happiness and view for life, happiness and satisfaction comes from within you, from your view to life, so change it, so make it better.
  • 19. Symbolism: • The story is an example of allegory, so every character and the events in the story are representing lessons and abstract ideas in real life. The King: a symbol of power and material wealth and a person who have everything a person can have in his life The shirt: External things that may lead in the view of people to happiness The prince: a person who has everything he wants, and he needed ,that appeal to people, that'll make him content and happy, but he isn’t. The priest: a person who wants to make his goals and who's ambitious The happy man: a person who's satisfied with his daily life without any addition
  • 20. Irony: • Situational: the end of the story, unexpected ending that the young man wasn’t wearing a shirt
  • 21. Tone • Ironic tone throughout the tale
  • 22.