This document discusses various types of symbiotic relationships between species. It defines symbiosis as living together and describes how symbiotic relationships can benefit one or both organisms involved. It provides examples and explanations of different symbiotic relationships including predation, parasitism, competition, mutualism, and commensalism. Various prey defenses such as mimicry, camouflage, and physical defenses are also outlined.

1. GOOD MORNING!
“Always share your smile as well as your vibes
to everyone, for it is a wonderful blessing that
we can share”

2. •Everybody, place your right hand at
the back of your seatmate and tap it
three times while saying “Lets do
good today!” And for those who
have been tapped, smile back and
say “We can do this!”

3. Colored Heart as life.
•If you’re not paying attention.
•Talking with your business partners.
•Not cooperating during activities.
Anyone who caught you can take your heart.
•If you can keep your heart until the end of the class, a
reward will be given. If not, punishment awaits you.
•If you gained another hear there will be an additional
reward.

4. Mechanics:
•If your answer is YES, STAND
UP. And if your answer is NO,
SIT DOWN.

5. DOYOU LIKE
CHOCOLATE?
*Trial

6. DOYOU HAVE A
FRIEND?

7. DOYOU HAVE AN
ENEMY?

8. AREYOU IN A
RELATIONSHIP?

9. SYMBIOTIC
RELATIONSHIP

10. *Species Interactions
• Species within the community develop close interactions, known as
SYMBIOSIS.
- “SYM” meansTogether
- “BIO” means life
- Symbiosis means “living together” and describes the close
relationships developed between the species.
- *Symbiotic relationships will always benefit at least one organism
involved.

11. PREDATION ( + - )
• When one organism (predator) consumes part or all of another
organism of another species (prey)
• Can be:
• Herbivores (Plant-eaters)
• Carnivores (Meat-eaters)
• A WIN-LOSE Relationship.
PREDATOR
Prey

12. PREDATION ( + - )
• Predators .survival depend on their ability to catch prey.
Ex. Rattlesnake venom, spider web, etc.
• The prey’s survival depends on its ability to avoid being
captured.
Ex. Camouflage, mimicry, physical/chemical defenses

13. PREDATION

14. PREY DEFENSES
• Mimicry – a defense where on organism
resembles another that is dangerous or
poisonous.
There are two types:
• Batesian Mimicry
- A harmless organism closely
resembles a dangerous one.
• Mullerian Mimicry
- Two harmful organisms
resemble one another.
Hoverfly
(left) and
Wasp (right).

15. PREY DEFENSES
• Camouflage
- Blending in with certain aspects
of their environment
• PLANTS CAN’T HIDE OR RUN, HOW CANTHEY SURVIVE?
- Physical Defenses such as spikes, thorns and tough leaves.
- Poisonous, irritating or bad-tasting/smell
Common Baron Caterpillar

16. PLANTS
Rafflesia Corpse Flower Venus Flytrap Cactus

17. CAMOUFLAGE
Toads. Owl.

18. CAMOUFLAGE
Frog.
Leaf-Tailed
Gecko

19. PARASITISM ( + - )
• When one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed.
• Parasite –The individual that benefits.
• Host –The individual that is harmed.
• A WIN-LOSE Relationship; sometimes
• A WIN-WIN Relationship.

20. PARASITISM

21. PARASITISM ( + - )
•Parasites are divided into two categories based on their
interaction with the host.
- ECTOPARASITES – External parasites that do not enter
the hosts body.
- ENDOPARASITES – Internal parasites and live inside
the hosts body.

22. ECTOPARASITES
American DogTick Flea
Leeches

23. ENDOPARASITE
Ascaris Hookworm Roundworm

24. COMPETITION
• When organisms compete with each other
for food, light, water shelter, mate or minerals.
Two major types:
- Intra-specific competition. Competition among organisms of
the same species.
- Inter-specific competition. Competition among organisms of
different species.

25. COMPETITION
.

26. Intra-Specific Competition
Two Oryx fighting over a territory. TwoYellowstone wolf.

27. Inter-Specific Relations

28. MUTUALISM ( + + )
• When both organisms are helped
in some way.
• A WIN-WIN Relationship.
.
Flower and its pollinator.
Clownfish
and sea
anemones

29. MUTUALISM ( + + )
.
Ant and a tree/plant. Egyptian Plover Bird and a crocodile.

30. COMMENSALISM ( + 0 )
• When one individual benefits and the other is unaffected
.
Pilot fish and shark.

31. COMMENSALISM ( + 0 )
.
Barnacles attached to
turtle’s shell.
A web between the
Giselle’s horn.
Bird nesting in a tree.

34. RUBRIC:
•Content – 50%
•Deliberation – 30%
•Participation - 20%
100%

35. APPLICATION
•List down as many as you can.
What is/are the advantage/s and
disadvantage/s of the symbiotic
relationship that is assigned in your
group.

36. EVALUATION
•What is Predation and Competition?
•Brief description about Parasitism.
•Difference between Commensalism and
Mutualism.
•Importance of Symbiotic Relationship.

37. RUBRIC:
•Content - 50% - 3 points
•Grammar- 30% - 1 point
•Cleanliness- 20% - 1 point
100% 5 points

38. ASSIGNMENT
•Read about Food Web and Food
Chain at your Science Book, page 17.
You can also surf the internet for
more information.