ICoICT 2020 The 8th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Nunung Nurul Qomariyah Computer Science Department Faculty of Computing and Media Bina Nusantara University Anjar Priandoyo Environment Dept., University of York York, United Kingdom Technology Consulting - PwC Indonesia

1. Sustainable Internet of Things:
Alignment approach using enterprise
architecture
1 8th ICoICT, 24-26 June 2020
Nunung Nurul Qomariyah
Computer Science Department
Faculty of Computing and Media
Bina Nusantara University
Anjar Priandoyo
Environment Dept., University of York
York, United Kingdom
Technology Consulting - PwC Indonesia

2. I. Introduction
• The Internet of things is a system of interrelated
computing devices, mechanical and digital
machines provided with unique identifiers and the
ability to transfer data over a network without
requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction
• Internet of Things (IoT) is one of driving forces of
Industry 4.0 that facilitate paradigm shift in
manufacturing industries
• Various studies indicated the importance of IoT as
an enabler for sustainability (Maksimovic, 2018;
Dlodlo 2015; Benkhelifa 2014)
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What is IoT?
*Image from pwc.com and bcg.com

3. II. Background
• The study of business and technology alignment
involving various concepts that relatively new
and might overlap each other. Therefore it is
important to have a clear definition to ensure
that there is no confusion during the
implementation process.
• Two significant issues need to be addressed
which are Sustainability and Alignment Process
• This study aim to understand the relation of this
Sustainability and Development in the area of
IoT in State owned enterprise (SOE)
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Why it is important?
Its confusing?

4. III. Problem
• IoT is the use of interconnected devices that act
as a sensor and actuator in the system. IoT
system will use various metal and plastic
components. Although the device might have a
low power, the use of this material might harm
the environment.
• The environmental impact of IoT should not be
neglected. The negative impact should be
considered for the company to ensure that the
implementation does not give bad
consequences to the environment.
• Sustainability and Business (or technology) is
often a conflicting principles
What is the key problem: The environmental impact of IoT
Image E-waste, Stefan Czapski, courtesy Geograph. CC-BY-SA-2.0
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5. IV. Alignment Method
• Alignment can be performed by various methods such as
enterprise architecture, IT strategic plan, or IT governance. The
term that is used in this method might be different while the
purpose is the same. TOGAF is one of the enterprise architecture
methods that can be used to align the organization strategy and
capability.
• To have an alignment, a criteria should be established. Alignment
should be based on the certain principles and a certain method. In
the alignment process, each criterion should be selected.
• Principles are general rules and guidelines that provide a basis for
decision making and inform how the organization achieves its goal.
Principles might be driven from the company’s vision such as
“Customer is king” or coming from regulatory such as “Safety is a
must”.
• Choosing regulation as key principles might be useful as it has a
direct financial or compliances consequences. However, each
regulation might have a different depth, different purpose, and
might be changed depending on the situation. Using regulation as
key principles brings an advantage to not only solving the business
needs but at the same time also complies with the regulatory.
How alignment can be made: Alignment principles
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6. V. Result
• A proposed framework for the Sustainable
Internet of Things is developed. This will
be useful for companies that want to
adapt to the latest technological trend
while at the same time comply with
sustainability. The result is combined
principles as shown in diagram shown in
figure below.
• The implication of using this framework is
that all initiatives made should follow the
proposed framework. For example, each
initiative should consider the sustainability
aspect such as Green IT, sustainable
procurement or sustainable finance
The proposed framework for alignment
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7. V. Result
• In TOGAF, the development enterprise architecture
follows a framework called Architecture Development
Method (ADM) which an iterative process that consists of
10 phases which are 1) Preliminary 2) A. Architecture
Vision; 3) B. Business Architecture; 4) C. Information
Systems Architecture; 5) D. Technology Architecture; 6) E.
Opportunities and Solutions; 7) F. Migration Planning; 8)
G. Implementation Governance; 9) H. Change
Management; 10) Requirements Management
• Alignment is the process of linking capability with a
certain value that can come as part of business strategy,
an external factor, or other stakeholder concerns. The
reason why an alignment needed might also vary on what
aspect should be aligned. The method that can be used
for alignment also vary from the top-down approach such
as corporate vision and mission to bottom-up approach
such as quality assurance to survey. Enterprise
architecture is one of the methods that can be used for
alignment. Enterprise architecture is the way how the
company describes its strategy, aligning, and prioritizing.
Detailing using TOGAF
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8. VI. Discussion
• TOGAF is inseparable with IT Strategic Plan
• The alignment method in this paper can be
used with other approaches, such as the IT
strategic plan. The relation of enterprise
architecture and IT strategic plan approach
described as follows.
Relation with IT Strategic Plan
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9. VI. Discussion
• The proposed framework in this paper can be used
with another framework. For example, WEF
provides a Sustainable IoT framework named IoT
Guidelines for Sustainability. The Framework has
three areas which are: 1) collaboration models and
incentives alignment; 2) business and investment
models; 3) impact measurement.
• WEF Sustainable IoT framework describes the key
guideline for each area. For example, In the
collaboration models, five guidelines can be used,
such as 1) Provide structural incentives to
encourage the prioritization of sustainability
objectives at the design phase of the IoT project.
Comparison with other framework
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10. VII. Conclusion
• Business getting more complex nowadays. There are many
requirements should be followed, intense business competition, and the
need to change and survive in the global competition. Nowadays, the
complex business environment also including sustainability principles.
• IoT and Sustainability are some of the important trends that companies
need to catch up with. As described earlier that adopting these two
trends is not an easy task since it might contradict each other or slower
the company operational.
• The approach of IoT that aligned with sustainability in this paper will be
useful for a company that wants to adapt quickly while getting both
benefits. However as each company is unique, it is important to be
noted that even a perfect framework still needs to be adjusted with the
company situation.
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11. Reference
• Maksimovic, M. ”Greening the future: Green Internet of Things (G-IoT)
as a key technological enabler of sustainable development.” Internet of
things and big data analytics toward next-generation intelligence, pp.
283-313. Springer, Cham, 2018.
• Benkhelifa, Elhadj, et al. ”The Internet of Things: The eco-system for
sustainable growth.” 2014 IEEE/ACS 11th International Conference on
Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA). IEEE, 2014.
• Dlodlo, Nomusa, and Josephat Kalezhi. ”The internet of things in
agriculture for sustainable rural development.” 2015 international
conference on emerging trends in networks and computer
communications (ETNCC). IEEE, 2015.
8th ICoICT, 24-26 June 202011