description of instruments used in general surgery

1. Surgical instruments
Dr Vijay Kumar (Asso. Prof.)

2. Classification
1. Retracting and Exposing
2. Cutting and Dissecting
3. Clamping and Occluding
4. Grasping and Holding
2

3. Retracting and Exposing Instruments
● Retract organs or tissue to gain exposure to the operative site
● Self-retaining or manual
● Look at the blade, not the handle.
3

4. Lengenbeck retractor
4

5. Czerny retractor
5

6. Morris retractor
6

7. Doyen’s retractor
7

8. 8
Deaver retractor
1. Retract deep abdominal or chest incisions
2. Various widths

9. Malleable retractor
● A malleable or ribbon retractor (manual) is used to retract deep wounds.
● May be bent to various shapes.
9

10. Self retaining retractor
● A Balfour with bladder blade (self-retaining) is used to retract wound edges during
deep abdominal procedures.
10

11. 11

12. 12

13. Cutting and Dissecting Instruments
● Sharp and used to cut body tissue or surgical supplies
13

14. Scalpel Holder (Bard Parker Knife Handle)
● Holds scalpel blade
● Acts as a handle
14

15. Surgical blades
15

16. 16

17. LANGER’S LINES
17

18. 18

19. Straight Mayo scissors
● Straight Mayo scissors - Used to cut suture and supplies.
● Also known as Suture scissors.
19

20. Curved Mayo scissors
● Curved Mayo scissors - Used to cut heavy tissue (fascia, muscle, uterus, breast).
● Available in regular and long sizes.
20

21. Metzenbaum scissors
● Metzenbaum scissors - Used to cut delicate tissue.
● Available in regular and long sizes.
21

22. Stitch Cutting scissors
● Used to remove sutures
● Blade has beak or hook to slide under sutures
22

23. Lister Bandage Scissors
● Used to remove bandages and dressings
● Probe tip is blunt inserted under bandages with relative safety
23

24. Potts scissors
24
● Trimming
● Opening vessels
● Cardiovascular
● Thoracic procedures

25. Clamping and Occluding Instruments
● Used to compress blood vessels or hollow organs for hemostasis or to
● Prevent spillage of contents.
25

26. Crile Rankin haemostatic forceps (artery forceps)
● Clamp blood vessels or tag sutures.
● Jaws may be straight or curved.
● Other names crile, snap
26

27. Halsted mosquito artery forceps
● A mosquito is used to clamp small blood vessels.
● Its jaws may be straight or curved.
● Jaws are fully serrated
27

28. Kelly artery forceps
● A Kelly is used to clamp larger vessels and tissue.
● Available in short and long sizes.
● Transverse serrations along the distal half only
28

29. Kocher’s forceps
● A Kocher is used to grasp heavy tissue.
● May also be used as a clamp.
● The jaws may be straight or curved
● Other names Ochsner.
29

30. 30

31. Mayo-Hegar needle holder
● Mayo-Hegar needle holders are used to hold needles when suturing.
● They may also be placed in the sewing category
.
31

32. 32

33. Mixter forceps
● Used to clamp hard-to-reach vessels and to
place sutures behind or around a vessel.
● A right angle with a suture attached is
called a tie on a passer.
● Other names - right angle
33

34. 34

35. Grasping and Holding Instruments
● Are used to hold tissue, drapes or sponges
35

36. Cheatle forceps
36

37. 37

38. 38

39. 39

40. 40
Mayo’s towel clip

41. Doyens cross action towel clips
41

42. Plain Thumb Forceps
● Used to hold tissue in place when applying sutures
● Used to gently move tissues out of the way during exploratory surgery
● Used to insert packing into or remove objects from deep cavities
42

43. Toothed thumb forceps
43
● Used for grasping and holding tissue, muscle or skin surrounding a wound
● Single toothed on one side fits between two teeth on the other side
● Available as 1x2 or 2x3 or 3x4

44. Russian tissue forceps
● Russian tissue forceps are used to grasp tissue.
44

45. Adson forceps
● Either smooth used to grasp delicate tissue or
● With teeth used to grasp the skin
● Other names Dura forceps.
45

46. DeBakey forceps
● DeBakey forceps are used to grasp delicate tissue, particularly in
● Cardiovascular surgery.
46

47. Allis tissue forceps
● An Allis is used to grasp tissue.
● Available in short and long sizes
47

48. Babcock tissue forceps
● A Babcock is used to
grasp delicate tissue
(intestine, fallopian
tube, ovary).
● Available in short
and long sizes.
48

49. 49

50. Lanes tissue forceps
50

51. 51
BABCOCK forceps

52. Volsellum forceps
52
● Grasp the cervical lips
● Visualise the cervix or during
vaginal hysterectomy.
● They can also be used to
grasp a fibroid polyp.

53. Payrs crushing clamp
53

54. Doyens intestinal clamp
54

55. 55
Suction Cannula

56. 56

57. Magill forceps
57
● Angled forceps
● Guide a tracheal tube into the larynx
● Nasogastric tube into the
esophagus
● Under direct vision
● Remove foreign bodies

58. 58

59. Randall Kidney Stone Forceps
59
● Non-ratcheted forceps
● Used to grasp stones during
○ Percutaneous nephrostomy
○ Colidocholithotimy
○ Polypectomy
○ Cholecystectomy.

60. Laparoscopy instruments
60

61. 61

62. 62
Veress needle

63. 63

64. 64
Laparoscopy ports

65. 65
Threaded laparoscopy ports

66. 66
LAPAROSCOPIC SPATULA 5MM

67. 67
Laparoscopic suction irrigation cannula

68. Corrugated rubber drain, tube drain , trocar drain
68

69. Closed drainage system
69

70. 70

71. Kehers T-Tube
71

72. 72

73. FOLEY’S CATHETER
73

74. Ryle’s Tube (Nasogastric Tube)
74

75. 75

76. 76

77. 77