4. Thumb Forceps-Non toothed
• Small grooves but no teeth on tips
• Used to manipulate tisssues and needles
• Hold tissue by amount of pressure applied to handles
• Cause less trauma to fingers
• Allow more accurate manipulation of tissues while making incisions,
handling needles and sutures
• Pencil grip hold
5. Tissue forceps-toothed
• Standard forceps used commonly
• Also called “rat tooths”
• Strong tips
• Described by the number of teeth present
(eg:2x1 or 2x3)
• Useful to manipulate heavy
tissues(eg:fascia)
• Large teeth make them inappropriate for
delicate tissues
8. • Michael Ellis DeBakey (1908–
2008) was Professor of Surgery at
Baylor University College of
Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
• He was the first to successfully
implant an artificial heart;
• He also performed the first
successful carotid endarterectomy.
9. DeBakey Forceps
• To grasp tissues firmly while minimising damage to the tissue held in the
jaws of the forceps.
• Non toothed forceps
• Series of longitudinal and transverse grooves
• Designed to atraumatically manipulate vessels and fragile tissues
15. LANGENBECK RETRACTOR
• For holding open wounds, as in an open
appendicectomy.
• Used in pairs (one in each of the assistant’s
hands).
• They stay in position best if the handles are lifted
slightly so that the tips lock in under the fascia.
• The width of the lip of the retractors varies.
• Bernhard Rudolf Konrad von Langenbeck (1810–
1887) was Professor of Surgery successively at
Kiel and Berlin, Germany.
• He performed the first internal fixation of a
femoral neck fracture in 1850.
19. MORRIS RETRACTOR
• This is a big retractor which is useful for
giving maximum exposure in large incisions
such as those used in the abdomen.
• It can be used to improve visibility on one
side of an incision (by pulling firmly in that
direction); so is valuable during the initial
phase of a laparotomy.
• Sir Henry Morris (1844–1926) was a
surgeon at the Middlesex Hospital, London,
UK.
22. KELLY RETRACTOR
• Hand held retractor
• Used for deeper exposure
• Retractor has a long flat blade and a finger ring handle for secure grip
• Separates the edges of a surgical incision or wound or can hold back
underlying organs like liver while performing cholecystectomy
25. Joll Retractor
• This is a self-retaining retractor used in thyroid surgery.
• After making the collar incision and raising the lower and upper flaps fully, this
retractor is then inserted.
• The two clips on the upper and lower edges are attached to the skin preferably with
a swab over the skin edge.
• The central segment is then unscrewed to separate the two edges to obtain full
exposure.
• Cecil Augustus Joll was a surgeon in London who first qualified as a dentist. He
was regarded as ‘a brilliant technician and an extraordinarily versatile surgeon’ who
operated on conditions ‘from knees to necks and stomach to perineum’.
28. Needle Holder Forceps
• Made from stainless steel
• Used to hold a suturing needle during surgical
procedures
• To maintain firm grip jaws have a structured
pattern either etched directly on stainless steel
or on a replaceable tungsten carbide insert
which hold the suture needle more precisely
and wears out much slower than stainless steel
• Needle holders with tungsten carbide inserts
are normally identified with gold plated rings
• Needle holders should always be sterilised with
ratchets disengaged
32. Allis Clamp/Allis forceps
• Invented by Oscar Huntington
Allis
• Instrument with sharp teeth used
to hold or grasp a heavy tissue
• Used to grasp fascia,soft tissues
such as breast or bowel tissues
• Allis clamp can often cause
damage so they are used in
tissue about to be damaged.
35. Kocher Forceps
• Designed to aggressively grasp medium to heavy tissue or occlude heavy or
dense vessels
• Have horizontal serrations on the entire length of the jaw as well as 1 x 2
teeth at the tip
• Combination of full serrations + teeth ensure a firm grip on the tissue or
vessel being held.
• To hold pedicles,tough structures and cut ends of muscles
• Used to hold ribs during rib dissection,to hold gauze for blunt dissection and
to hold resected bowel.
36. Mosquito Forceps
• Fully serrated jaw and 5 inch working length
• Used to clamp off smaller vessels
• Incorporate ratchet control for more added
control
• Hold delicate tissues like External oblique
aponeurosis during appendicectomy
• Hold stay sutures
• Straight or curved
39. Spencer Wells Artery Forceps
• Curved and straight
• Has a ratchet with two blades with uniform serrations
• Used in controlling bleeding from blood vessels
• Curved forceps are commonly used in surgery
• Straight forceps are used to hold stay sutures
42. Babcock Forceps
• This is used to grasp any part of the bowel.
• The jaws are atraumatic and cause minimal tissue damage.
• Used commonly in appendicectomy to grasp the appendix and deliver it out of the wound.
• Care is taken when using it not to perforate the inflamed appendix.
• William Wayne Babcock (1872–1963), Professor and Head of the Department of Surgery
at the Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia for 40 years.
• ‘He was the inventor of the acorn-shaped vein stripper, introduced the alloy steel wire
sutures, wire mesh in hernia repairs, and zinc chloride in the treatment of osteomyelitic
sinus’.
43. Sponge holding forceps
• To hold sponges and swabs
• Looped serrated jaws
• Used to paint abdomen with antiseptic as a
part of preoperative surgical preparation
44. Cheatle forceps
• Used to remove sterilised instruments from
boilers and formalin cabinets
• Used to ensure that as each item is
removed others are not infected
• Forceps are placed in a container with
methylated spirit when not in use
• Both forceps and container should be
terilized in boiling water
• Also used to hold sterile gauze and cotton
pad dressings.
47. Desjardins Choledocholithotomy Forceps
• Used for bile duct stone removal
• Used during the removal of kidney,ureteric or bladder stones
• Shaft is curved
• Blades are small without serrations and fenestrated centrally
48. Listers sinus Forceps
• Used during Hiltons method of abscess
drainage to break the bacterial loculi
• Used for inserting or removing packing in
sinus cavity
49. Unipolar Cautery
• For cutting-low voltage high amplitude continuous
waveforms
• For coagulation-alternate waveforms(Bursts]
• Dessication-low power
• Fulgration-High power
• Current passes from cautery pencil to tissue to
cautery pad to machine
• More chance of burns
• More thermal dissipation of current
• Hence more chance of damage to adjacent nerves
and vital structures
50. Bipolar cautery
• Current only between tips of instrument
• Hence less chance of burns
• Only coagulation
• No cutting
• Less lateral dissipation of current
• Hence safer in procedures closer to vital
structures
