Mobile computing allows transmission of data without a fixed physical link. It has expanded cellular voice communication worldwide. Current trends include smaller, more powerful portable devices running applications that access remote resources or track devices. Mobile computing research focuses on end user requirements, performance, and developing middleware to support physical and logical mobility while addressing issues like security, authentication, location identification, and varying quality of service in dynamic environments. Advances in wireless technology, investments in telephony, and ubiquitous Internet access are shaping the field of mobile computing by challenging old assumptions and demanding new solutions.

2. SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY :
Ms. Rupali Malviya Suneel Kumar Keshari
Roll No.-0934213030
I.T. 3rd Year

4.  A technology that allows transmission of data, via a
computer, without having to be connected to a fixed
physical link.
Mobile voice communication is widely established
throughout the world and has had a very rapid
increase in the number of subscribers to the various
cellular networks over the last few years.
An extension of this technology is the ability to send
and receive data across these cellular networks.

5. Define Mobile Computing and look at
current trends.
Distinguish between types of
Mobility.
Examine Theory Research in
Mobility.
Examine Systems Research in
Mobility

6. The process of computation on a mobile device
 In mobile computing, a set of distributed
computing systems or service provider servers
participate, connect, And synchronise through
mobile communication Protocols

8. Nomadic Computing:
A wired core network with a wireless
periphery.
Ad Hoc Computing:
Opportunistic temporary networks
where all hosts are wireless mobile
devices.

9.  Enable precise description of
existing language/system semantics.
 Allow formal reasoning about
correctness of such semantics.
 Used to highlight parallels and
differences among various forms of
mobility.

10. Models are concerned with the
formulation of proper abstractions
useful in specification and evaluation
of mobile systems.
 They focus on three aspects
 Who is allowed to move (Unit of
Mobility).
Where it can go (Location).
Handling context changes (Context).

11. Security:
 Who is allowed to access what?
 The security in IEEE 802.11b is very lax
in most cases anyone with a wireless
card can access corporate Intranets.
Authentication:
 How do mobile devices in ad hoc
networks verify each others
credentials

12. Creating a general specification that
allows devices to offer rich services.
Creating the right level of middle-
ware that addresses the needs of
mobile computing such as location
and signal strength that is not
difficult to program.

13.  Identification of the position of a
mobile unit in space.
Location semantics dependent on
choice of mobility unit.
Current representations include
Cartesian coordinates(e.g. for mobile
devices)
Host addresses (e.g. for mobile agents)
Process Identifiers (e.g. for code
fragments)

14. Systems research in mobile
computing focused increasingly on
the end user requirements for ease
of use and dependability.
 Also focused on performance

16. Current trends include manufacturing
of increasingly smaller, more powerful,
portable computing devices.
Application uses relate to
Non interaction with outside sources e.g.
Coda File system
Accessing remote resources e.g Oracle 8i Lite
Tracking Devices e.g Active Badges.

17. User perception of application with
respect to degree of exposure of
mobility at application level (e.g. Coda
File System).
Variable Quality of Service
 Need to provide adaptability

18. Security Policies and security demands
 Movement between administrative
domains.
Environmental capabilities
Power availability (PDA Vs Notebooks)
Connectivity patterns (Base Stations Vs
Ad Hoc environment).

19. Adds mechanisms and services that
are much more specialized than those
provided by OS within the context of
established languages, without
modifying syntax or semantics.
Enhances level of abstraction
associated with programming effort.

20. Most fertile area of systems research
in mobility.
Systems research distinguishable into
 Middleware for Physical Mobility
 Middleware for Logical Mobility

22.  Example─ Apple iPods enables listening
to one’s favourite tunes anytime and
anywhere.
 View photo albums
Slide shows
Video clips

24. Selling a product or service in
quicker time.
reducing transaction cost from one
a/c to another.
 streamline business processes.

25. competitive pricing.
reducing time to order for any
products. Everything can be done
through mobile internet.

26. Resource constraints: Battery.
Interference: the quality of service (QoS).
Bandwidth: connection latency.
Dynamic changes in communication
environment: variations in signal power
within a region, thus link delays and
connection losses.

27. Network Issues: discovery of the
connection-service to destination and
connection stability.
Interoperability issues: the varying
protocol standards.
Security constraints: Protocols
conserving privacy of communication.

28. Advances in wireless technology,
extensive investments in telephony,
and the Internet’s ability to provide
ubiquitous access to information are
the main forces shaping the emergent
field of mobile computing.
Mobility challenges old assumptions and
demands new kinds of solutions.