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Subjunctive mood
The document summarizes key points about the subjunctive mood in Spanish grammar: 1. It discusses the three moods in English (indicative, imperative, subjunctive) and introduces the subjunctive mood in Spanish. 2. It provides examples of when the subjunctive mood is used in Spanish after certain verbs and expressions. 3. It covers three concepts where the subjunctive is used: indirect commands, emotions, and unreality.
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Subjunctive mood
- 1. Thursday, September 13th, 2012 Comparative Grammar English-Spanish Agenda •Greeting •Game •Subjunctive Mood •Exercises GLADYS ZACARIAS
- 2. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
- 3. First of all,what is a MOOD? form of the verb that mood = the shows the mode or manner in which a thought is expressed. 3 moods in English: “We finished the project on time. ” Indicative Mood "stating a fact"
- 4. "Get plenty ofrest!" Imperative Mood "expressing an order, instructions, commands or requests." "I wish I had some cheese..." Subjunctive Mood “dependent”; expresses wishes, possibilities, doubts, suggestions, conditions.
- 5. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD It istypically used after two structures: verbs: ask, command, demand, insist, propose, recommend, request, suggest + that expressions: it is desirable, essential, important, necessary, + that Examples: English Spanish It is him. Es él. Indicative mood Modo Indicativo I’m afraid it is him! ¡Temo que sea él! Indictive Subjunctive Modo Modo mood mood Indicativo subjuntivo I hope they will come. ¡Espero que vengan!
- 6. IT HAS 3 CONCEPTS : A. Indirect command Implied command “I want you to cut my hair.” Let’s classify the sentence English Spanish
- 7. B. Emotion 1. Themain clause expresses : emotion, pleasure, regret, surprise, pity, fear, anger, hope,etc. Examples: English Spanish It is him. Es él. Indicative mood Modo Indicativo I’m afraid it is him! ¡Temo que sea él! Indictive Subjunctive Modo Modo mood mood Indicativo subjuntivo I hope they will come. ¡Espero que vengan! *Clue words: “que ” = Spanish “ that” , “not” = English
- 8. 2. Different subjectsin the 2 clauses. * If there is not a change of subject , Spanish prefers to keep infinitive instead of making a separate clause. Examples: English Spanish I’m sorry to be so far away. Siento estar tan lejos. Indicative mood + infinitive Modo Indicativo * For special emphasis, subjunctive remains I’m sorry that I’m so far away! ¡Siento que este tan lejos! Indictive Subjunctive Modo Modo mood mood Indicativo subjuntivo
- 9. 3. Esperar andTemer + Indicative Expect THINK Temer or belief Subjunctive Hope Emotion, Fear worried is generated Examples: English Spanish (belief) I expect that he will come Espero que vendrá Indicative mood Modo Modo Indicativo Indicativo (belief) I suspect that that’s the way it will Me temo que así resultará turn out. Modo Modo Indicative mood Indicativo Indicativo
- 10. Examples: English Spanish (emotion) I hope that he will come Espero que venga Indicative subjunctive Modo Modo mood mood Indicativo subjuntivo (worried) I’m afraid that she is sick. Temo que esté enferma. Indicative subjunctive Modo Modo mood mood Indicativo subjuntivo
- 11. C. Unreality •It reflects: doubtful, uncertain, indefinite, unfulfilled, & nonexistent. 1. Shadow of doubt When the main clause projects doubt over the dependent clause action, the uncertain reality of the action calls the subjunctive. Examples: English Spanish (doubt) I doubt that they have heard it. Dudo que lo hayan Indicative subjunctive oído. mood mood Modo Modo Indicativo subjuntivo They aren’t sure that it is him. No están seguros de que Indicative subjunctive ………………………..sea él. mood mood Modo Modo Indicativo subjuntivo
- 12. *No doubt =no subjunctive English Spanish I’m convinced that is he. Estoy convencido de que es él. Indicative mood infinitive mood Modo Modo Indicativo Indicativo 2. Denial The main clause denies the dependent action or negates its existence. *No denial = no subjunctive Examples: English Spanish Do you deny that you know ¿Niega usted que le conozca? her? Modo Modo Indicative subjunctive Indicativo subjuntivo mood mood It’s not true that they hate each No es verdad que se odien. other. Modo Modo Indicative subjunctive mood Indicativo subjuntivo mood
- 13. 3. Subjunctive &Indicative with the verb creer. *Creer (to think /to believe) illustrates how the speaker’s expression of doubt and not the verb itself , determines whether the SUBJUNCTIVE or INDICATIVE will be used.) Affirmative statement Creer indicative Examples: English Spanish I think he ‘ll come. Creo que vendrá. Indicative mood Modo Indicativo They thought we wouldn’t do it. Creían que no lo haríamos. Indicative mood Modo Indicativo
- 14. 3. CREER +Subjunctive OR Indicative *To express serious reservations about what we believe. It Examples:is acceptable the subjunctive. is rare, but it English Spanish I think he may come. Creo que venga. Indicative mood Subjunctive M. Modo Indicativo M. Subjuntivo *For questions or negative statements: If we want to produce doubt on the following action, we will use subjunctive. Examples: English Spanish Do you think he will dare? ¿Cree usted que se atreva? Indicative mood Subjunctive M. Modo Indicativo M. Subjuntivo (Less doubt) Do you think he will dare? ¿Cree usted que se atreverá? Indicative mood Subjunctive M. M. Indicativo M. Indicativo
- 15. EXERCISES : “I need you to give me everything you have.” Let’s classify the sentence English Spanish I need you to give me everything you have. I want to go.
- 16.
- 17. EXERCISES English : Spanish It’s convenient that we do it It’s a pity that he’s sick! I ask him not to do it. That doesn’t mean that he’s guilty. It’s true that they hate each other. I don’t think that they will find him.(doubt)
- 18. EXERCISES English : Spanish I would do it if I had the time. I suggest that Robert wait a few minutes. It's important that Sandra leave on time. Father insisted that Jennifer go to school. If he had studied harder, he would have gotten a good grade. I wish I were faster.