A study was conducted from July 2014 to December 2014 to evaluate medication errors at a hospital in India. A total of 1870 patient files were reviewed and 211 medication errors were detected, representing an error rate of 11.28%. The most common errors were documentation errors (58.76%), followed by administration errors (28.90%). Nurses were responsible for most errors (88.62%), followed by doctors (10.40%). Recommended best practices to improve medication safety included monitoring antibiotic and narcotic doses, high alert medication storage and handling policies, improved documentation standards, and staff education programs.
Nik Nuradlina N.A,Mohd Syamir M. S. ,Noor Nashreen M.S.,Rozita M.
Pharmacy Department, National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya.
1st Clinical Audit Pharmacy Department
Avoidable Patient Harm and Resulting Liability Arete-Zoe, LLC
Avoidable Patient Harm and Resulting Liability
What would it take to improve our insight into the cost of avoidable patient harm?
Medications are the most frequent cause of adverse events in clinical settings.
Some of the most devastating drug-related injuries include Steven-Johnson Syndrome, drug-related liver injury or bone marrow failure. These events, however rare, are among those that are very expensive to treat and often leave long-lasting damage.
The substantial consequences of adverse drug events are hospital admissions and readmissions, prolonged hospital stay, additional therapeutic interventions and increased demand on staff. For the patient, in addition to all the misery and pain they suffer, adverse drug events mean time away from work, loss of income and additional medical expenses.
The value of real-world evidence for clinicians and clinical researchers in t...Arete-Zoe, LLC
In the midst of a rapidly spreading global pandemic, real-world evidence can offer invaluable insight into the most promising treatments, risk factors, and not only predict but suggest how to improve outcomes. Despite overwhelming news coverage, significant knowledge gaps regarding COVID-19 persist. The current uncertainties regarding incidence and the case fatality rate can only be addressed by widespread testing. But the paucity of testing, and diversity of approaches implemented in different countries, particularly among the general asymptomatic public, perpetuates a lack of understanding about spread and infectivity. The essential indicators that would describe the pandemic more accurately can be obtained using real-world data (RWD). To that purpose, we designed a data collection tool to collect data from hospitals that treat COVID-19 patients. The captured data will enhance our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic, identify risk factors relevant for triage, relate to other similar seasonal infections and gain insight into the safety and efficacy of experimental and off-label therapies. Knowledge derived from a focused data collection effort will enable clinicians to adjust rapidly clinical protocols and discontinue interventions that turn out to be ineffective or harmful. By deploying our elegantly designed survey to capture routine clinical indicators, we avoid placing an additional burden on practitioners. Systematically generating real-world evidence can decrease the time to insight compared to randomized clinical trials, improving the odds for patients in rapidly changing conditions.
Nik Nuradlina N.A,Mohd Syamir M. S. ,Noor Nashreen M.S.,Rozita M.
Pharmacy Department, National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya.
1st Clinical Audit Pharmacy Department
Avoidable Patient Harm and Resulting Liability Arete-Zoe, LLC
Avoidable Patient Harm and Resulting Liability
What would it take to improve our insight into the cost of avoidable patient harm?
Medications are the most frequent cause of adverse events in clinical settings.
Some of the most devastating drug-related injuries include Steven-Johnson Syndrome, drug-related liver injury or bone marrow failure. These events, however rare, are among those that are very expensive to treat and often leave long-lasting damage.
The substantial consequences of adverse drug events are hospital admissions and readmissions, prolonged hospital stay, additional therapeutic interventions and increased demand on staff. For the patient, in addition to all the misery and pain they suffer, adverse drug events mean time away from work, loss of income and additional medical expenses.
The value of real-world evidence for clinicians and clinical researchers in t...Arete-Zoe, LLC
In the midst of a rapidly spreading global pandemic, real-world evidence can offer invaluable insight into the most promising treatments, risk factors, and not only predict but suggest how to improve outcomes. Despite overwhelming news coverage, significant knowledge gaps regarding COVID-19 persist. The current uncertainties regarding incidence and the case fatality rate can only be addressed by widespread testing. But the paucity of testing, and diversity of approaches implemented in different countries, particularly among the general asymptomatic public, perpetuates a lack of understanding about spread and infectivity. The essential indicators that would describe the pandemic more accurately can be obtained using real-world data (RWD). To that purpose, we designed a data collection tool to collect data from hospitals that treat COVID-19 patients. The captured data will enhance our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic, identify risk factors relevant for triage, relate to other similar seasonal infections and gain insight into the safety and efficacy of experimental and off-label therapies. Knowledge derived from a focused data collection effort will enable clinicians to adjust rapidly clinical protocols and discontinue interventions that turn out to be ineffective or harmful. By deploying our elegantly designed survey to capture routine clinical indicators, we avoid placing an additional burden on practitioners. Systematically generating real-world evidence can decrease the time to insight compared to randomized clinical trials, improving the odds for patients in rapidly changing conditions.
Introduction to ICSR Workflow and Management in Drug Safety & Pharmacovigilance of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
Pharmacovigilance Process Work Flow - Katalyst HLSKatalyst HLS
Introduction to Drug Safety & Pharmacovigilance Process Work Flow for Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
Introduction to Argus Product Tab Screen in Pharmacovigilance or Drug Safety of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
Background: The Food and Drug Administration relies on adverse event reports linked with health risks to remove potentially harmful dietary supplements from the market. Many emergency medicine physicians encounter suspected adverse events related to
dietary supplement use but we do not know what proportion of those adverse events are reported to the Food and Drug Administration. The objective of the study was to determine emergency medicine physicians’ practices regarding adverse event reporting and knowledge of dietary supplements.
Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted across five medical centers around the U.S: three military and two civilian. A web-based survey was distributed to emergency medicine attending physicians and emergency medicine residents. The questionnaire was created and administered using Lime Survey software. An administrator at each site communicated study details to emergency medicine physicians and residents via email. The survey was kept open for fi ve months. To preserve participant anonymity,
neither email domains, email addresses, Internet Protocol addresses, nor any other personally identifi able or demographic information were collected.
Argus Patient Screen Tab Training - Katalyst HLSKatalyst HLS
Introduction to Argus Patient Screen Tab in Pharmacovigilance or Drug Safety of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
The slides from the keynote given by Dr. Dan Malone RPh, PhD at the First International Drug-Drug Interaction Knowledge Representation Workshop on October 6th 2014 (http://icbo14.com/sessions/drug-drug-interaction-knowledge-representation-workshop/). Posted with his permission.
AN OVERVIEW AND IMPORTANCE OF PHARMACOVIGILANCERamakrishna K
An introduction to pharmacovigilance, basic types like active pharmacovigilance and passive pharmacovigilance, purpose, adverse event reporting, data processing, causality, assessement, signal detection, risk management plans and analysis
SEVERITY AND SERIOUSNESS ASSESSMENT OF ADR’S
Definitions, Severity assessment, Seriousness assessment
Naranjo algorithm, Preventability assessment
By
Ms. B. Mary Vishali
Department of Pharmacology
The Effect of Computer-assisted Prescription in Critical Care Unit Mandirola, Humberto
The handwriting prescription of medicines is associated with a high degree of medical error, this can be significantly reduced using computer systems for medical indications
Initial progress on the journey toward an open source potential drug-drug int...Richard Boyce, PhD
Presentation given at the 33rd VistA Community Meeting - George Mason University focusing on progress towards and open source potential drug interaction knowledge base
Medication therapy is becoming increasingly more complex as new drugs are developed and more therapeutic targets are elucidated. In addition, polypharmacy (≥5 scheduled medications) has become exceedingly common in geriatric patients and in patients with chronic disease states. As the complexity of drug therapy and the number of medications increase, patients are at a high risk for medication errors and adverse drug events (ADEs), or injuries resulting from medication. The type of adverse events may be associated with professional practices, healthcare products, procedures, and systems including prescription, communication through instructions, drug labeling, packaging and nomenclature, reformulation, dissolution, distribution, administration, education, monitoring, and use. Classification and evaluation of medication errors according to their importance may constitute an important factor for process improvement in order to render the administration of medicines as safe as possible. In hospitals, medication errors occur at a rate of about one per patient per day. A dispensing error is one made by pharmacy staff when distributing medications to nursing units or directly to patients in an ambulatory-care pharmacy; the error rates for doses dispensed via the cart-filling process range from 0.87% to 2.9%. Technology has grown to be a constituent part of medicine these days. A few advantages that technology can supply are categorized as follows: the assisting of communication between clinicians; enhancing medication safety; decreasing potential medical errors and adverse events; rising access to medical information and encouraging patient-centered healthcare. The aim of this article is to provide a compendious literature review regarding Medication errors
Introduction to ICSR Workflow and Management in Drug Safety & Pharmacovigilance of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
Pharmacovigilance Process Work Flow - Katalyst HLSKatalyst HLS
Introduction to Drug Safety & Pharmacovigilance Process Work Flow for Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
Introduction to Argus Product Tab Screen in Pharmacovigilance or Drug Safety of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
Background: The Food and Drug Administration relies on adverse event reports linked with health risks to remove potentially harmful dietary supplements from the market. Many emergency medicine physicians encounter suspected adverse events related to
dietary supplement use but we do not know what proportion of those adverse events are reported to the Food and Drug Administration. The objective of the study was to determine emergency medicine physicians’ practices regarding adverse event reporting and knowledge of dietary supplements.
Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted across five medical centers around the U.S: three military and two civilian. A web-based survey was distributed to emergency medicine attending physicians and emergency medicine residents. The questionnaire was created and administered using Lime Survey software. An administrator at each site communicated study details to emergency medicine physicians and residents via email. The survey was kept open for fi ve months. To preserve participant anonymity,
neither email domains, email addresses, Internet Protocol addresses, nor any other personally identifi able or demographic information were collected.
Argus Patient Screen Tab Training - Katalyst HLSKatalyst HLS
Introduction to Argus Patient Screen Tab in Pharmacovigilance or Drug Safety of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Cosmeceuticals and Foods.
Contact:
"Katalyst Healthcares & Life Sciences"
South Plainfield, NJ, USA
info@KatalystHLS.com
The slides from the keynote given by Dr. Dan Malone RPh, PhD at the First International Drug-Drug Interaction Knowledge Representation Workshop on October 6th 2014 (http://icbo14.com/sessions/drug-drug-interaction-knowledge-representation-workshop/). Posted with his permission.
AN OVERVIEW AND IMPORTANCE OF PHARMACOVIGILANCERamakrishna K
An introduction to pharmacovigilance, basic types like active pharmacovigilance and passive pharmacovigilance, purpose, adverse event reporting, data processing, causality, assessement, signal detection, risk management plans and analysis
SEVERITY AND SERIOUSNESS ASSESSMENT OF ADR’S
Definitions, Severity assessment, Seriousness assessment
Naranjo algorithm, Preventability assessment
By
Ms. B. Mary Vishali
Department of Pharmacology
The Effect of Computer-assisted Prescription in Critical Care Unit Mandirola, Humberto
The handwriting prescription of medicines is associated with a high degree of medical error, this can be significantly reduced using computer systems for medical indications
Initial progress on the journey toward an open source potential drug-drug int...Richard Boyce, PhD
Presentation given at the 33rd VistA Community Meeting - George Mason University focusing on progress towards and open source potential drug interaction knowledge base
Medication therapy is becoming increasingly more complex as new drugs are developed and more therapeutic targets are elucidated. In addition, polypharmacy (≥5 scheduled medications) has become exceedingly common in geriatric patients and in patients with chronic disease states. As the complexity of drug therapy and the number of medications increase, patients are at a high risk for medication errors and adverse drug events (ADEs), or injuries resulting from medication. The type of adverse events may be associated with professional practices, healthcare products, procedures, and systems including prescription, communication through instructions, drug labeling, packaging and nomenclature, reformulation, dissolution, distribution, administration, education, monitoring, and use. Classification and evaluation of medication errors according to their importance may constitute an important factor for process improvement in order to render the administration of medicines as safe as possible. In hospitals, medication errors occur at a rate of about one per patient per day. A dispensing error is one made by pharmacy staff when distributing medications to nursing units or directly to patients in an ambulatory-care pharmacy; the error rates for doses dispensed via the cart-filling process range from 0.87% to 2.9%. Technology has grown to be a constituent part of medicine these days. A few advantages that technology can supply are categorized as follows: the assisting of communication between clinicians; enhancing medication safety; decreasing potential medical errors and adverse events; rising access to medical information and encouraging patient-centered healthcare. The aim of this article is to provide a compendious literature review regarding Medication errors
More people die annually from medication errors than from workplace injuries. An error in the prescribing, dispensing, administration of a drug irrespective of whether such errors lead to adverse consequences or not. In India, Medication Error is just a TERM and its significance is undervalued and remains unreported. Reported incidence of this iatrogenic disease related to medication error- tip of the iceberg. medication error can be visualized with the SWISS CHEESE MODEL OF SYSTEM accidents
Medication errors are described under prescription errors, transcription errors, administration errors. Based on the causes of errors the NCC MERP Index is formulated to categorize medication errors from Category A- I. Appropriate monitoring, good team communication, knowledgeable staff, RCA and policy on check of medication errors can reduce its incidence and make patient more safe.
This presentation has the measures to be taken for the safety of patients. It covers the 6 goals
Goal 1: Identify patients correctly
Goal 2: Improve effective communication
Goal 3: Improve the safety of high-alert medications
Goal 4: Ensure safe surgery
Goal 5: Reduce the risk of health care-associated infections
Goal 6: Reduce the risk of patient harm resulting from falls
Pharmacovigilance is a scientific discipline concerned with the collection, detection, assessment, monitoring, and prevention of adverse effects of pharmaceutical products.
Pharmacovigilance is a branch of Pharmacoepidemiology and is restricted to the study of adverse effects of drugs.
PHARMACOVIGILANCE COMMON JOB INTERVIEW QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS-Updated IN 202...Pristyn Research Solutions
Quick Job interview short guide For Pharma and all Life science jobseekers.All Medical | Biotech |Micro |B.Sc., M.Sc.
These are the commonly asked questions with their answers asked in job interviews. The file was updated in 2022.
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Sample Questions are:
What is Pharmacovigilance (PV)?
What are the objectives of PV?
What is MedDRA?
WHAT ARE THE Role of Drug Safety
Associate?
What should narratives consist of?
What are Data assessments in PV?
Which products are covered by PV?
Methods of signal detection?
Why PV is required after clinical
trial?
What is an Adverse Drug Event (ADE)?
What
is the minimum criterion required
for a valid case according to WHO?
When
do you consider an event to be
serious?
What do you mean by causality?
Types of
Unsolicited reports
Sources of Solicited Reports
Name the core regulatory bodies
What is Volume 9A
What do you know
about E2a, E2b and E2c guidelines?
When do you consider a case to be medically confirmed?
What is CemFlow?
What is the yellow card in PV?
What are Comorbid conditions?
What is a medication error?
What is a signal?
Rechallenge
Dechallenge
What are WHO ART, WHO DD and MedDRA and the difference between them?
What is SUSAR?
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
Effectiveness/risk
harm
Essential medicines
Frequency of ADRs
Individual Case Safety Report
ADR Reporting process in PV
VigiFlow
VigiMed
ABBOTTS
COGNIZANT
I 3 GLOBAL DRUG
SAFETY
LAURUS LABS
PARAXEL
SRISTEK
ACCENTURE
CREST.
I GATE PATNI
COMPUTERS
MAHINDRA
SATYAMBSG
PIRAMAL
SUN
PHARMA
ALEMBIC
DIAGNOSEAR
CH
ICON
MAKROCARE
PPD
SYMOGEN
APC PHARMA.
DR REDDY’S
iMEDGlobal,
MANKIND
QUANTUM
SOLUTIONS
SYNOGEN
APCER
ECRON
ACUNOVA
IMS HEALTH
MEDHIMALAYAS
QUINTILES
TAKE
SOLUTIONS
APCER
EMCURE
INC RESEARCH
MEDPACE.
SCIFORMIX
RATIOPHARM
TCS
ASTRAZENECA
FDC
Infocorp
Soft
Solutions
MICRO LABS
RX MD
THOMSON
REUTERS
AUROBINDO
FORTIS
HEALTH CARE
INVENTIVE
MSD (MERCK)
SANTHA
BIOTECH
USV
LIMITED
BESTOCHEM
G7 INFOTECH
IPCA
LABORATORIES
NEKTAR
THERAPEUTICS
SCIFORMIX.
VIMTA LABS
BIOCAD
GENPACT
IPLEX
NORWICH
CLINICAL SERVICES
SHANTHA
BIOTECHNICS
WIPRO
BIOCON
GRANULES
JUBILIANT
BIOSYS NOVARTIS
SIRO
CLINPHARM
WNS
BIOLOGICAL E.
LTD
GVK
KINAPSE
NOVO NORDISK
SP softtech
WOCKHARD
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BLUEFISH
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1. A study regarding prevalence of MEDICATION ERROR & its causes ; To
suggestbestpractices in MEDICATION SAFETY.
ABSTARCT:-
Introduction:
Medication safety is an issue worldwide .It is estimated that more than half of all medicines
over the world are prescribed, dispensed or sold inappropriately (WHO 2010). In high-income
countries, this has been recognized a long time ago and a lot of efforts are dedicated to improve
medication safety. If medications are not handled safely, it can lead to medication error.
Medication error can increase the cost, prolong hospital stay and increase the risk of death almost
two fold. Several studies have already demonstrated that clinical pharmacist can play major role
in detection, prevention of medication errors and improvement of quality.
Aim:
Present study was aimed to detect and evaluate the incidence, types of medication errors and to
rule out best practices for medication safety in AIMS FBD.
Method:
Prospective study was carried out from July 2014 to December 2014. Inpatients records of
patients from various departments were reviewed during their stay in the hospital. Detected
medication errors were documented and evaluated.
Results:-
A total of 1870 files were audited & 211 medication errors were seen. Maximum of
medication error (54) were detected in the month of July 2014. And out of these were22
prescription errors, administration errors were 61, dispensing errors were 2; out of this 124 were
documentation error. The causes of medication error were 88.2% were due to nurses,
10.40% were due to doctors and 0.98% errors were due to pharmacist. This study
concluded that 11.28% medication errors were detected during study period and revealed
that best practices of medication safety can play a major role in preventing these errors .
2. JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER
Series1 54 31 34 25 39 28
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
NUMBEROFMEDICATIONERROR
COMPILED DATA OF MEDICATION ERROR IN 2014
JULY AUGST SEPT OCT NOV DEC TOTAL %AGE
FILES AUDITED 315 304 304 315 311 321 1870
MEDICATION ERROR 54 31 34 25 39 28 211 11.28342
PRESCRIPTION ERROR 4 3 3 5 4 3 22 10.42654
ADMINISTRATION ERROR 22 9 6 8 8 8 61 28.90995
DISPENSING ERROR 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0.947867
DOCUMENTATIONERROR 28 18 24 12 26 16 124 58.76777
TRANSCRIPTION ERROR 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 0.947867
3. MEDICATION ERROR:-
ACCORDING TO THE ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS WE COULD FIND:-
10.42%
28.90%
0.94%
58.70%
0.94%
MEDICATION ERROR
PRESCRIPTION ERROR
ADMINISTRATION ERROR
DISPENSING ERROR
DOCUMENTATION ERROR
TRANSCRIPTION ERROR
88.62%
0.98% 10.40%
PROFFESSIONALS INVOLVED IN MEDICATION
ERRORS
MEDICATION ERRORS BY NURSES
MEDICATION ERRORS BY
PHARMACIST
MEDICATION ERRORS BY DOCTORS
4. ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS SHOWED:-
REASON FOR MEDICATION ERRORS BY NURSES:-
Untrained Nurses.
Increased Workload on Nurses
Tran scripting the Wrong Indent
Tran scripting the wrong Standard timing
H.A.L.T. (Hunger, Anger, Late, Tired )
Environmental Issues : Dim Light, Noisy and disturbed Environment
Documentation before administration of drugs OR Undocumented.
REASON FOR MEDICATION ERRORS BY DOCTORS:-
Illegible Handwriting
Out of List Abbreviation used
Drug Allergies not identified
Irrational drug combination prescribed
Non-compliance of Right drug, dose, route, frequency, Time
REASON FOR MEDICATION ERRORS BY PHARMACY:-
Misinterpretation of Prescription slip
Confusion between LASA Drugs
Increase number of IPD Patients results in Increase Work Load
5. FLOW DIAGRAM TO CLASSIFY THE INCIDENCE OF MEDICATION ERROR AND
ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS (ADE)
Incident
Medication Error
ADE with
medication
error
Potential ADE MedicationError
without potential
harm
ADE without
medication error
Severity Stage
Responsible
person
Stage
responsible
person
Severity
Disability
Preventability
Stage
Responsible
Person
Severe
Disability
INCIDENT FORM FILLED
6. Major Best Practices that can be suggested and are being followed is been listed through
INPUT OUTPUT PROCESS:-
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
ANTIBIOTIC RECORDING
POLICY
Mentioning day 1,day 2,day3 MONITORING OF ANTIBIOTIC DOSE
NARCOTIC POLICY Double Lock , Double Check , Double sign MONITORING OF NARCOTICS
PATIENT SAFETY
(HIGH ALERT POLICY)
High alert storage, single lock, double check
MONITORING OF HIGH ALERT
MEDICATION
VERBAL ORDER POLICY
Verbal order stamp, Verbal order to be written
within 24 hrs.
MONITORING OF VERBAL ORDER &
MEDICATION
MEDICATION RECORDS
Writing medication in capitals ,double check
every day by in-charges
LESS NO. OF MEDICATION ERRORS
QUALITY INDICATORS Frequent auditing by the Quality team IMPROVING THE RECORDINGS
PROPER MEDICATION
LABELLING OF LASA DRUGS
Labeling with date of opening & date of discard
Keeping drugs separate
REDUCE ERROR
PROPER RCA RECORDING RCA with proper reasoning
REDUCTION OF ERRORS
7. QUALITY AUDIT TRACKER Audits done by internal auditors
(E –MODULE )
TRACKING OF ERRORS
10 RIGHTS OF MEDICATION Instead of 7 R’s started to follow
10 R’s
REDUCTION OF MEDICATION
ERROR
ENGAGEMENT OF STAFF AND
MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS IN
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Involving trained personnel (educators
,doctors)
( NABH INTERNAL AUDITOR”S COURSE )
NOTIFY NC’S RELATED TO
EACH DEPT.
MEDICATION EFFECTS Notifying medication effects of each drugs PREVENTION OF ADVERSE EFFECTS
Use of SOCIALGROUP
(WHATS APP)
Involving nursing staff and quality team in one
group.
CIRCULATION OF ERRORS TO PREVENT
THE ERRORS
POST EVALUATION OF
MEDICATION MANAGEMENT
Competency assessment tool about medication
management frequently
EVALUATION ABOUT THE TRAINING
POST EVALUATION OF DRUG
CALCULATION
Competency assessment tool about drug
calculation frequently
EVALUATION ABOUT THE TRAINING
8. CONCLUSIONS:-
Medication errors are the serious problems in health care and can be the source of significant
morbidly and mortality in the health care setting. In India, irrational use of drugs is common and
this has led to antibiotic resistance, adverse drug reactions, medication errors and other drug
related problems. Drug therapies are important parts of medical care, contributing to medication
errors and other drug-related problems. Keeping up with the growing number of Prescription
medications are a major challenge for the physicians & documentation of medication by hand is
the major challenge for the nurses. Numerous studies have found that best practices of
medication safety to prevent medication errors. However, achieving true change has been a
challenge, and many hurdles still remain to be overcome.. A medication error is an episode
associated with use of medication that should be preventable through effective control system.
The factors that that increases the chance of medication errors are the attributes of complex
mechanisms involved in the prescribing, dispensing and administration of drug.
References:-
1. American society of hospital pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on preventing medication error
in Hospital. Am J.Hosp.Pharm.1993; 50; 305-14.
2. Kohn LT, Corrigan GM, Donaldson MS. To err is human: building a safer health system.
National Academy Press; Institute of medicine. Washington DC 1999.
3. Zed PJ. Drug-related visits to the emergency department. J Pharm Pract 2005; 18(5):329-35.
4. Hitchen L. Adverse drug reactions result in 250000 UK admissions a year. BMJ 2006;
332:1109.
5. Secretary Thompson announces steps to reduce Medication Errors, FDA Press Office
Thursday, March 13, 2003.
6. Sujata sapkota, Nawin pudasaini, Chandan singh, Sagar GC. Drug prescribing pattern and
prescription error in elderly: a retrospective study of inpatient record. Asian journal of pharmacy
and clinical research 2011; 4( 3): 129 – 132
7. Sayali Pote, Pramil Tiwari, Sanjay D’cruz. Medication prescribing errors in a public, teaching
hospital in India: A prospective study Pharmacy Practice 2007; 5(1): 17-20