Structural Analsysis
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This document discusses methods for analyzing statically indeterminate structures: 1) The compatibility/flexibility method uses redundant forces as unknowns and considers geometric conditions to obtain additional equations. Flexibility is the displacement from a unit force. 2) The equilibrium/displacement method uses joint displacements as unknowns and expresses equilibrium equations in terms of moments and rotations to find displacements. Stiffness is the force from a unit displacement. 3) Examples of each method are provided, including the consistent deformation method, Clayperon's theorem, and moment distribution.
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
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Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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Structural Analsysis
- 1. 1 Prepared by Mrs. KALYANI A Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering SMVEC BATCH 2018-2022
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- 29. Compatibility Method or Flexibility Method or Force Method 29
- 30. PROCEDURE • In structural analysis to analyze the indeterminate structures • Compatibility method or Flexibility method or Force method 30
- 31. 1. In this method redundant forces are unknowns 2. Additional equations are obtained by considering the geometrical condition imposed on the formations of the structure 3. Flexibility is an amount of displacement caused due to unit force 31
- 32. 4. The number of equations in flexibility method equal to the degree of static indeterminacy. Since the redundant are support reactions 5. These method is used for analysis of static indeterminate structure with lesser degree of static indeterminacy Ds ˂ Dk 32
- 33. 6. Various methods grouped under this category are a. Consistent deformation method b. Clayperon’s theorem of three moments c. Column analogy method d. Elastic centre method e. Maxwell – Mohr’s equation f. Castigliano’s theorem of minimum strain energy 33
- 34. Equilibrium Method or Displacement Method Or Stiffness Method 34
- 35. 1. In this method displacement of the joints are taken as unknowns 2. Equilibrium equations are expressed in terms of moments, rotations to get the actual joint displacements 3. Stiffness is an amount of force required caused due to unit displacement 35
- 36. 4. The product of stiffness and flexibility is unity 5. The number of equations in stiffness method equal to degree of freedom (Dk) as displacements are taken as unknowns 6. These method is used to analysis of statically indeterminate structures if Dk ˂ Ds 36
- 37. 7. Various methods grouped under this category are a. Moment distribution method b. Slope deflection method c. Kani’s method 37
- 39. Ds = External Indeterminacy(E.I.) + Internal Indeterminacy (I.I.) – Releases or Internal Hinge (R’)
- 46. δ
- 67. Given data:
- 68. To Find: (i) End Moment (MB) (ii) To draw SFD and BMD Solution: Step 1: Degree of static indeterminacy (n) n = E.I + I.I - R’ n = 1+0-0 n = 1 E.I. = No. of unknown reaction – No. of equilibrium equation = 4 – 3 E.I. = 1 Support A = Hinged = ∑H = ∑V = 2 Support B & C = Roller = ∑V = 2
- 69. Step 2: Coordinates Assigned Support Moment at ∑MA = ∑MC = 0 Since Moment at ∑MB ≠0
- 95. To Find Shear Force Member AB BA BC CB CD DC Free shear (1) WL/2 WL/2 W/2 W/2 Wb/L Wa/L (20*3)/2 (20*3)/2 40/2 40/2 (40*2)/5 (40*3)/5 Shear Correction (2) (MAB+MBA)/L (MBC+MCB)/L (MCD+MDC)/L (0+12.15)/3 (-12.15+30.35)/4 (-30.35+0)/5 Final Shear (1)+(2) 25.95 34.05 15.45 24.55 22.07 17.93