First presentation given in Sofia on the 19th of October 2010 on seminar "Implementation of sustainable practice of solving the dog overpopulation in Bulgaria". Organized by the Bulgarian Ministry of Agriculture and Food, F.P.C.C. Romania and Sofia Municipality.

1. (Stray) dog Ecology Nathalie Klinge 19th October 2010 Ministry of Agriculture and Food

2. introduction statistics Europe ecology problem analyses policies which fail THE SOLUTION 2

3. Development stray dogs in 30 European countries 2002-2007 3

4. Current situation Europe Good Improving Poor and not improving 4

5. (Stray dog) Ecology Science and part of the biology. Scientific study of dogs and their surroundings. terminology influences on dog populations 5

6. Terminology Categories 1 up to 4 inclusive are “stray dogs” 6

7. Dogs at factory 7

8. (Stray dog) Ecology Science and part of the biology. Scientific study of dogs and their surroundings. terminology influences on dog populations 8

9. Influences on dog populations carrying capacity human population climate diseases 9

10. Carrying capacity upper limit at which population growth levels off death rate and birth rate become equal availability of resources 10

11. Carrying capacity (Un)Natural death Birth Migration 11

12. Carrying capacity (Un)Natural death Birth Euthanasia Dumping elsewhere Migration Adoption Shelter 12

13. Carrying capacity (Un)Natural death Birth Migration 13

14. Carrying capacity (Un)Natural death Birth Migration 14

15. Influences on dog populations carrying capacity human population climate diseases 15

16. Waste disposal 16

17. People feeding dogs 17

18. Irresponsible dog owners 18

19. Religion 19

20. Poverty 20

21. Influences on dog populations carrying capacity human population climate diseases 21

22. Problem analyses, practical road accidents nuisance through noise, faeces, urine 22

23. 23

24. 24

25. Problem analyses, practical road accidents nuisance through noise, faeces, urine zoonoses injuries and fear by aggressive behaviour damage to wildlife and livestock 25

26. Problem analyses, moral and emotional malnutrition diseases injuries caused by road accidents or fights abuse by humans cruel stray control measures inhabitants and tourists don’t like the sight of hungry or dead dogs 26

27. Problem analyses 27

28. Failing policies ignore cull catch and kill catch and kennel remove food sources 28

29. Cull 29

30. Failing policies ignore cull catch and kill catch and kennel remove food sources 30

31. Catch and kill policy fails aimed at the wrong group of dogs not all dogs can be caught after 7 years of stringent killing reduction is only 32,5 % or less 31

32. Dog population reduction if 76% killed every 6 months in Sofia with 9000 “stray dogs” 32

33. Catch and kill policy fails aimed at the wrong group of dogs not all dogs can be caught after 7 years of stringent killing reduction is only 32,5 % or less never ending, therefore very costly number returns to carrying capacity increased migration increased spreading of diseases inhumane not accepted by citizens 33

34. Why do (local) governments continue to kill ? complaints jobs at stake afraid of changes 34

35. Bucharest In 3 years the authorities killed100,000 free roaming dogs Cost: € 5 million After 3 years number of free roaming dogs still 100,000. 35

36. Failing policies ignore cull catch and kill catch and kennel remove food sources 36

37. Catch and kennel policy fails aimed at the wrong group of dogs not all dogs can be caught overcrowded shelters 37

38. Overcrowded shelters 38

39. Overcrowded shelters 39

40. Catch and shelter policy fails aimed at the wrong group of dogs not all dogs can be caught overcrowded shelters inhumane extremely costly corruption sensitive never ending number returns to carrying capacity increased migration increased spreading of diseases 40

41. Why do (local) governments continue to kennel dogs? implementation animal welfare act complaints jobs at stake afraid of changes profitable 41

42. Sofia Municipality 42

43. Failing policies ignore cull catch and kill catch and kennel remove food sources 43

44. THE SOLUTION: animal birth control 44

45. (Scientific) Reports animal birth control 45

46. “Removal and killing of dogs should never be considered as the most effective way of dealing with a problem of surplus dogs in the community: it has no effect whatsoever on the root cause of the problem.” Guidelines for Dog Population Management, W.H.O. Geneva 1990 (page 74). 46

47. “In the long term, control of reproduction is by far the most effective strategy of dog population management.” Guidelines for Dog Population Management, W.H.O. Geneva 1990 (page 72). 47

48. Benefits animal birth control (CNVR) prevention spreading diseases (zoonoses) less bite incidences less road accidents humane long term solution reduction possible of 90 % in 5 years cheaper than kill or kennel accepted by citizens 48

49. Thank you for your attention! Website: www.sosdogs.ro E-mail: barkbark@planet.nl 49