This document is Maria do Carmo Silva's presentation of the history of her life from 1987 to 2013. It consists of a timeline and photos documenting key events including the births of her three children, her wedding, family birthdays, her children's weddings, and her trip to the United States to attend her son's wedding. The presentation was submitted to fulfill an assignment for her English course.
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Tickets are now on sale for this annual showcase of talent! The 2013 Annual Grand Recital is scheduled for Sunday June 9, 2013 to be held at the beautiful stand alone Bienes Art Center at St. Thomas Aquinas High School located at 2801 SW 12th St., Ft. Lauderdale 33312.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
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• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
1. FACULDADE ALFREDO NASSER
INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DEEDUCACAO
CURSO DE LETRAS
MARIA DO CARMO SILVA
THE HISTORY OF MY LIFE
Aparecida de Goiania – GO
April/2013
2. MARIA DO CARMO SILVA
THE HISTORY OF MY LIFE
Paper presented to the Department of Languages
as part of the grades for the P1 of English
discipline, from the Institute Aflredo Nasser,
under
the
supervision
of
Professor
ArianePeixotoMendonca.
Aparecida de Goiania – GO
April/2013
3. I dedicate this work to my family and all
my colleges from the LN3 at UNIFAN
as well as to all my professors.
4. TIME LINE
1987 – Pregnant with my first child
1988 – My second child was born
1993 – My last born baby
1995 – I got married
1996 – I turned 30 years old
2000 – My mother’s 80th birthday
2008 – 15th birthday of my third child
2009 – Christmas Family
2011 – My firstborn got married
2013 – My two other children got marriend
5. In this presentation I will show some joyful times of my life.
I had a dream of being a mother and at the age of 19 I became pregnant with my
first child. I was very happy. On February 1st 1987 was born a handsome boy and there
are no words to express my happiness. I named him Paulo Eduardo.
6. Here is Paulo Eduardo when he was five months old, the older he got the more
handsome he became. The whole family pampered him once he was the firstborn of the
youngest sibling (me).
Because I was going to raise him on my own and he was so handsome all my
brothers and sisters wanted raise him for me. Also he was a very smiley child, so they
could not resist.
7. On Paulo Eduardo’s first birthday I invited relatives and friends to celebrate with
me. This was a very special moment. My sister and her friend made the cake and
candies. I bought the snacks, soft drinks and popcorn. The kids had a great time.
8. This is my second born child. He was born in October 1988. The photo above is
his 1 birthday party. On that occasion a lot of relatives and friends came around as well
as his grandparents.
st
The party was in my house and the kids went crazy on the backyard running and
playing around a lot.
9. In March 1993 my princess Gercylene was born. She cried a lot and we used to
say that she was born already stressed.
Even when she was growing up she was already a very authoritarian person and
used to command her brothers. When talking to them she would point her finger to their
faces and give them orders.
10. This is the day of my wedding. We were already living together for seven years
and we did not think it was necessary to get married. However, a friend of ours
challenged us and bet ten kilos of meat and fifty beers that we would not get married.
There was a community service going on at the time on my neighbourhood and
as soon as I mentioned to my partner about the bet he said to put our names down for
the public wedding service that would happen within 15 days.
Our names were chosen and that is how we got married.
11. For my 30th birthday my sister and friends prepared a surprise party. It was a fun
day and I got many presents.
Turning thirty was an amazing event in my life. I felt good about myself and it
also felt like I had accomplished a lot in life with my three beautiful kids and a partner.
12. On this day I was very happy because it was my mother’s birthday when she
turned 80 years old and my brother prepared a beautiful party for her.
She was pretty and very happy because her brothers and nephews that she had
not seen for many years came around to the celebration.
Firstly it happened a service at the church and afterwards we went to the place
where we had the party. Everything was done on the way she liked.
She was radiant.
13. This was the birthday of my third child when she became eight years old. We
were preparing a surprise party for her but her father could not hold in and ended up
telling her about it. She then was very anxious and badly ate her meals waiting for the
party.
There was a beautiful scene in the party because firstly the birthday girl thought
she would not get a present from her fiend Juliana but in fact the present was hidden
under the table. When my child found it she screamed of happiness.
14. This was the 15th birthday of Gercylene, my third child. There was a service at
the church and on the church itself we celebrated her birthday by eating cakes and
snacks.
There was a tribute to her from her brother and some friends. Many people
joined us to celebrate her special day.
15. This is a photo taken in my house on a Sunday lunch which we joined some
members of the family. These are my sister Gercene, my niece Lorrana and my son
Paulo Eduardo.
It was a beautiful day, unfortunately what we did not know at the time was that it
would be the last time my sister would have lunch in my house. She had cancer and
passed away many months later.
16. This was the last Christmas the whole family spent together before my sister
passed away. It was a special day for her because she saw that the brothers and sister
made an effort to be with her.
On this day she felt loved by her siblings. Sadly seven months later she left us.
17. This was the
wedding of my eldest
son Paulo Eduardo. He
married a beautiful girl
called
Jessica.
His
marriage
was
in
Goiania. The ceremony
was
only in
the
registration office and
there was no party.
It has been two years since they got married and they still have no kids because
they are planning on having them within three years.
18. Paulo Eduardo and his wife were baptized in the Seventh Day Adventist Church.
They understood that only God gives wisdom necessary to make a happy marriage.
19. In march this year was the wedding of my son Cesar Augusto in the United
States of America and my daughter in law gave me a ticket to go to America and attend
their wedding.
This is me at the airport. I was very emotional because I never thought I would
visit a foreign country.
My son gave me a rose when I got to the airport as a welcome symbol.
20. In the town of Dover where my
daughter in law used to live I
went to the park to see the snow.
Luckily it was snowing that day
and I could for the first time in
my life see the beauty that is the
snow.
It was an amazing felling. I was
like a child playing and running
around the snow. I wanted to
write something on the snow but
it was too hard so I could not.
21. This is me in Dover, New Jersey, U.S.A. I was in my daughter in law’s house
where she used to live with her mother, brothers and her son.
My son took this photo of me because he said I looked too different to what I
usually look like. Clearly it was too cold and I could not dear to wear my regular
clothes.
22. This was on a Sunday and I went to visit the place where my son used to live. He
lived in Philadelphia in the state of Pennsylvania. We actually stopped on the way there
to take this photo.
Philadelphia is a much bigger city than Dover and although I liked Philly I
prefer Dover because of its peaceful and clean characteristics.
23. I went to New York to spend the day. I went to the museum of natural history
where they recorded the movie “A Night At TheMuseum”. It was great.
Going to New York was a bit crazy because we had to do everything in a hurry
once the groom and the bridge had a lot to do for the weeding that would be within
three days.
24. In order to get into the museum we were supposed to pay forty dollars but as
they did not have anyone at the front door to charge us, maybe because it was almost
time to close, we got into there for free.
25. I went to Central Park, which was a dream that came through. Again it felt like
an unreal situation. It was raining but it did not overshadow the brilliance of that
beautiful place.
Central Park is exactly like I saw in the movies.
26. .
Once I was New York I also wanted to visit the World Trade CenterMemorial. I
took many photos and visited the museum where some wreckage, photos and names of
the victims of the catastrophe on September 11th are exhibited.
27. On the last day of my daughter in law’s work we went to a restaurant to
celebrate her hen party. It was really fun. There were these bunches of girls from all
over the place, like Mexico, Argentina, Dominican Republic among others. They were
all very fun to go out with.
28. This is Khrishinna, my grandson who is the son of my daughter in law. I met
him for the first time on this trip. He is very sweet and likes to play a lot. I took some
typical Brazilian toys to him and he loved them all.
29. On March 3rd my son got married toJasmin. It was a beautiful ceremony and
then we went to a club where the party was held.
During the ceremony she sang to him and that made me and my son emotional.
As for the party the way it went on was different to me because everything was
done according to the Colombian culture.
30. This is the wedding of my youngest. On March 23rd she got married to
Dionathan.
It was a crazy day for me. A lot happened to me to the point that I crushed the
fiancé’s car but everything at the end worked well and many friends and relatives
gathered in a beautiful party organized by them.