12. 1-4 group valency
represents how many
electrons are present in
outermost shell.
5-7 group valenct
represents how many
electrons required to
complete octet.
13.
14.
15. When two non-metals
used to write up the
chemical formula so for
metal no of electron that
found in valence shell used
as valency and for other
non-metal no. Of electrons
that requires to complete
valence is used as valency