stock exchange market
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Stock represents shares of ownership in a corporation and can be common or preferred. A stock exchange is an organized market where stock is bought and sold through spot, ready, or forward transactions. Stock exchanges help large firms and governments raise long-term capital and publish stock prices to help investors make informed decisions about buying and selling. Some individuals speculate on stocks by deliberately investing in risky assets in hopes of profiting from price changes.
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unit 1-IAPM.pptx
This document provides an introduction to investment analysis and portfolio management. It defines different types of investments and investors. There are three main types of investors: speculators who focus on price fluctuations, hedgers who buy or sell physical commodities to mitigate risk, and arbitrageurs who attempt to profit from market inefficiencies. The two main types of investments are securities and non-securities. Primary markets allow companies to raise capital initially through public offerings. Secondary markets then allow investors to trade existing securities between each other on exchanges. Money markets deal in short-term securities while capital markets focus on long-term securities, with various differences in their organization, instruments, liquidity, and purpose.
Derivative
This document discusses the key characteristics and features of derivatives. It notes that derivatives derive their value from underlying assets and have standardized terms. Derivatives traded include futures, options, forwards and swaps on financial assets and commodities. They provide benefits like price commitments, risk protection and market improvements. Regulations oversee derivatives markets to promote transparency and clearing.
FESE Capital Markets Academy - Derivatives and CCPs
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Investment management
The document discusses investment management and provides details on various topics related to investment. It defines investment as sacrificing present value for uncertain future reward. It also discusses the investment environment including securities, markets, and financial intermediaries. It outlines various investment alternatives such as money market instruments, capital market instruments, derivative securities, real assets, and other options. It also discusses the investment process, factors affecting investment alternatives, and career opportunities in the investment field such as security analyst, portfolio manager, and investment banker.
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Security-Analysis-and-Portfolo-Management-Unit-1-Dr-Asma-Khan.pptx
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What is money
Money is any good that is widely used and accepted as a medium of exchange, a measure of value, and a store of value. It functions as a medium of exchange by allowing for the purchase and sale of goods and services. As a measure of value, money can be used to determine the worth of goods and services. It also serves as a store of value by maintaining purchasing power over time. There are different forms of money including coins issued by the government that are made from metals and have designated values, as well as paper money known as notes that are printed on paper and issued by a central bank.
State bank-of-Pakistan
The State Bank of Pakistan is the central bank of Pakistan. It was established on July 1, 1948 and performs important developmental and regulatory roles. As the central bank, the SBP regulates commercial banks, implements monetary policy, and works to stabilize Pakistan's currency and inflation rates while maintaining low unemployment. The SBP has key functions such as being the sole issuer of currency, acting as the banker and lender of last resort to commercial banks and the government, and managing the country's foreign exchange reserves.
State life insurance
1. State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan was established in 1972 through the nationalization of 32 private insurance companies.
2. It is owned by the Government of Pakistan and has over 7,000 employees. As of 2015, it had total assets of 572 billion INR.
3. State Life provides life insurance policies, invests policyholder funds, and has paid Rs.7.795 billion in dividends to the Government of Pakistan since 1972.
Presentation management by Arsalan Sehro
This document defines and describes management control systems and managerial control methods. It states that a management control system is a set of policies and procedures designed to ensure operations proceed according to plan. It then outlines the basic steps in a managerial control system - defining standards, measuring performance, and taking action. Finally, it discusses different managerial control methods including feedback control, concurrent control, feedforward control, financial control, quality control, inventory control, and budgeting.
Presentation FDI BY Arsalan Sehro
Foreign direct investment is when an investor from one country makes a controlling investment in a business located in another country. It involves spending money to acquire partial or full ownership of a business in another country in order to generate profits. While FDI can stimulate economic development and increase employment and tax revenue for the host country, it also risks crowding out small local businesses and potentially contributing to issues like pollution, exchange rate crises, corruption, and inflation. Some successful foreign companies that have invested in Pakistan include Unilever, Engro, and PepsiCo.
Jubilee life insurance By Arsalan Sehro
Jubilee Insurance provides life, health, general, and family insurance globally. Jubilee Life Insurance Corporation Ltd was incorporated in Pakistan in 1995 as a public limited company to conduct life insurance business. It is registered and supervised by the Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan. Jubilee Life maintains high governance standards and received an AA+ insurer financial strength rating in 2015, making it the first private life insurer in Pakistan to achieve this rating.
Inflation By Arsalan Sehro
Inflation is defined as a general and continuous rise in prices. It is measured monthly in most countries by a bureau of labor statistics using the consumer price index, which tracks the cost of a fixed basket of goods and services. High inflation diminishes purchasing power, erodes savings, causes unemployment, and alters social traditions. It is caused when money supply grows faster than the supply of goods and services. Those on fixed incomes are typically hurt most by inflation. There are different types of inflation including demand-pull, cost-push, creeping, hyperinflation, and deflation. Countries employ various monetary and fiscal policies to control inflation.
Industry presentation By Arsalan Sehro
The document discusses several key industries in Pakistan's economy, including textiles, sugar, cement, and sports. It notes that the textile industry is the largest industry and one of the world's leading cotton producers. Sugar is the second largest industry, with Pakistan ranking fifth globally in sugarcane production. Cement and sports equipment are also major industries. However, industrial growth has negatively impacted the environment through pollution, deforestation, and dumping of untreated waste.
Education by Arsalan Sehro
The document discusses education in Pakistan. It provides details on the education system, which includes primary (grades 1-5), middle (grades 6-8), secondary (grades 9-10), higher secondary (grades 11-12), and university programs. Literacy rates have increased over time but still range from 87% in Islamabad to 30% for those aged 55-64 in other areas of Pakistan. Several Pakistani universities have risen in world rankings in recent decades, with 5-6 now considered among the top global institutions. The goal is to raise the national literacy rate from the current 57% to 80% by 2017.
Balance of payment by Arsalan Sehro
The document defines and explains the concept of balance of payments. It discusses the components of balance of payments including visible and invisible trade, current accounts, capital accounts, and official reserves. It also covers the effects of a positive versus negative balance of payments and makes suggestions to improve a country's balance. Specific details on Pakistan's trade deficit in September 2016 are provided. Key sources and a quotation are listed at the end.
Agriculture by Arsalan Sehro
Agriculture is defined as the art and science of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising livestock. The agriculture sector plays an important role in India's economy by providing food, raw materials, foreign exchange earnings and employment opportunities. It remains a significant part of India's overall development.
Arsalan presentation
- Pakistan has a population of approximately 199.71 million people as of 2016-17, with high population growth and fertility rates remaining issues. The government runs various programs to address this through facilities like family planning centers.
- The unemployment rate has decreased in recent years due to youth programs by the government aimed at generating job opportunities, including small business loans, training, and laptop distributions.
- Life expectancy has increased slightly for both males and females from 2015-2017 due to improved healthcare access. The government allocates substantial funds to population welfare programs through development plans.
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stock exchange market
- 4. STOCK In business and finance the term stock mean certificates representing shares of ownership in a corporation.
- 5. KINDS OF STOCK 1;Common stock Financial loss or gain can be greater with common stock.
- 6. PREFERRED STOCK The owners of preferred stock to with common stock.
- 7. STOCK EXCHANGE A stock exchange is an organized market for purchase and sale of securities.
- 8. BUSINESS ON STOCK MARKET
- 9. SPOT TRANSACTION The transaction require delivery and payment of securities on the some day.
- 10. READY TRANSACTION These transaction require the payment of cash by purchaser and delivery by seller with in specific with in time usually a day ready transaction also called cash delivery transaction,
- 11. FORWARD TRANSACTION In the transaction the delivery of securities and payment of price have to be made specified date in future.
- 12. FUNCTIONS OF STOCK EXCHANGE • ►►It makes easier for large firm and government to raise long term capital. • ►►The stock exchange published the prize of securities which are them reported in daily national paper. Investor can there fore keep an eye on the value if their stock and share to make the buying and selling decision.
- 13. SPECULATION Individual who engage in speculation deliberately invest in risky assets hopping to obtain a prophetic form the expected changes prices of these assets.