Stima emissioni biogeniche sul territorio italiano

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The document describes a plant-specific emission model for estimating biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions. It contains the following key points: - The model estimates emissions of isoprene, monoterpenes, methanol and other BVOCs based on plant species, environmental factors, and basal emission factors. - Basal emission factors quantify a plant's capacity to emit BVOCs under standard temperature and light conditions. Environmental correction factors then adjust the emission rates based on actual temperature, light, leaf age, and canopy effects. - The model was evaluated against field measurements of isoprene vertical profiles and seasonal monoterpene fluxes, generally showing good agreement between predicted and observed BVOC emissions

Science

ARIANET s.r.l. - via Gilino, 9 – 20128 Milano, ITALY - ph. +39-02-27007255 - fax +39-02-25708084 - www.aria-net.it

Plant-Specific emission model
Based on: Pacheco et al., 2015: A highly spatially resolved GIS-based model to assess
the isoprenoid emissions from key Italian ecosystems. Atm. Environ., 96, 50-60
• Tree species/Vegetation types
• Basal Emission Factors (BEF, µg g (DW)-1 h-1): express the capacity of plants to
emit isoprenoids under so called “basal conditions” (T= 30°C and PAR=1000 µmol
m-2 s-1).
LIGHT TEMP LITTER (L)
emissions
from dead
biomass
accumulated
on the soil
Synthesis (EL+T )
ISOP,OVOC, MTS
Pool (ET)
MTP,SQT
SEASON (S)
– Foliar biomass
(LAI)
– phenology
enzymes
activity
photosynthesis
CANOPY (C)
Leaves
emissive
characteristics
under direct
sunlight or
shaded
Environmental
Correction factors

BLcS D )1(EE maxreal 
Emission rates
The real emission rate (Ereal) [µg m-2 h-1] is expressed by following eq.:
CL and CT are activity factors accounting for light and temperature, β an empirical
coefficient equal to 0.09 °K-1, T is the leaf temperature (°K) and TS is the leaf
temperature at standard conditions (=303.15 °K).
SEASON
CANOPY
LITTER
foliar
biomass
density
TLTL CCBEFE maxmax, 
Synthesis emission
EL+T
ISOP,OVOC, MTS
  ST TTBEFE  expmaxmax,
Pool emission
ET
MTP,SQT

Basal Emission Factors
...
Nr. Specie
Foliar
biomass
density
E°max
Isoprene
E°max
MTS
(T+L)
E°max
MTP
(T)
E°max
SQT
(T)
E°max
OVOC
METHANOL
80%)
(L+T)
Leaf seas.
type
Seas. Type
Karl et al.
1 Acer campestre 270 0 1.5 0 0.001 10 0 dec
2 Acer monspessulanum 270 0 2 0 0.001 10 0 dec
3 Acer platanoides 270 0.1 1.5 0 0.001 10 0 dec
4 Acer sp. 270 0 2 0 0.001 10 0 dec
5 Ailanthus Altissima 270 0 0 0 0 0 0 dec
6 Alnus cordata 270 0 0 0.72 0.001 2 0 dec
7 Alnus glutinosa 270 0 1.5 0 0.001 10 0 dec
8 Alnus incana 270 0 1.5 0 0.001 10 0 dec
9 Arbutus unedo 300 0.1 0 0.2 0.001 2 0 dec
10 Betula pendula 230 0 0 1.5 0.15 2 0 dec
11 Betula pubescens 230 0 2 0.2 0.2 2 0 dec
12 Carpinus betulus 300 0 0.5 0 0.001 10 0 dec
13 Carpinus orientalis 300 0 0 0 0.001 10 0 dec
86 Transitional Woodland-Shrub 400 5 5 5 0.01 2 0 eve
87 Sparsely Vegetated Areas 140 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.001 2 2 eve
88 Inland Marshes 200 10 1 1 0.001 2 2 eve
89 Peatbogs 330 10 1 1 0.001 2 2 eve
90 Salt-Marshes 200 10 1 1 0.001 2 2 eve
91 Broad-Leaved Forest 360 15 5 0.5 0.001 2 2 dec
92 Coniferous Forest 950 3 2.5 2.5 0.001 2 3 eve
93 Mixed Forest 660 10 2 2 0.001 2 2 mix

CLC2TREES
CTM
WRF
BIOVOC
MEGAN
BVOCs
emissions
Gridded
Trees/veg.
Geographic
Data
CLC Data
Lev. IV
NCEP
analysis
Meteo.
fields

ISOPRENE
Yearly emissions
MEGAN BIOVOC
Max: 2230 [kg km-2]Max: 5530 [kg km-2]

ISOPRENE
Summertime emissions
(JJA)
MEGAN BIOVOC
Max: 6448 [kg km-2]Max: 16230 [kg km-2]

MONOTERPENES
Yearly emissions
MEGAN BIOVOC
Max: 1640 [kg km-2]Max: 536 [kg km-2]

1
Observed (PTR-MS) and predicted isoprene (ISOP) vertical
profiles using the plant emission model (BIOVOC) and MEGAN
Tethered balloon equipped with a Proton
Transfer Reaction - Mass Spectrometer
(PTR-MS) measuring different BVOC
compounds to altitudes up to 100 m above
the Vesuvius Observatory (614 m a.s.l.).
VESUVIUS
Quasar Campaign

1
Castelporziano
Castelporziano, Quercus ilex
experimental site
Seasonal variations of canopy fluxes of total monoterpenes
[mg m-2 h-1] measured at Castelporziano site (1997-1998,
and calculated (year 2015, hour: 13:00 – sampling period
central hour -)

The final version (MEGAN3.0) was released in March 2018.
User guide, code, driving variables and a test case are
available at: https://bai.ess.uci.edu/megan/versions/megan3.
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Stima emissioni biogeniche sul territorio italiano

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