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1. Components, Types
and Properties of
Solutions
Grade 7 Chemistry

2. LEARNING
OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
identify the components, properties and types
of solutions;
1
prepare saturated and unsaturated solutions;
and
2
cite situations that demonstrate the colligative
properties of solutions.
3
LEARNING
OUTCOMES

3. ENGAGE

5. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Vinegar
1
1

6. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Coffee Drink
1
2

7. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Chocolate Drink
1
3

8. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Halo-halo
1
4

9. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Wine
1
5

10. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Tea
1
6

11. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Oil in Water
1
7

12. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Salty Water
1
8

13. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Glittery Paint
1
9

14. Identify whether the given mixture is a
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE or a
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE.
Cold Soft Drink
1
10

15. What happens to salt particles when
they dissolve in water?
ENGAGE

16. EXPLORE

17. Interactive
Now, let’s observe
interaction of solute
and solvent using the
Interactive.
EXPLORE

18. EXPLAIN

19. EXPLAIN
Data for Explore Activity
“The Solvation Sphere”

20. EXPLAIN Answers to Guide Questions
for Explore Activity
“The Solvation Sphere”

21. Interactive
EXPLAIN
1. What happened to the
solute when only a
drop of water was
added to it?

22. Interactive
EXPLAIN
1. What happened to the solute when only a
drop of water was added to it?
Solute particles were
surrounded by
solvent particles,
forming solvation
spheres.

23. Interactive
EXPLAIN
2. What happened to the
salt crystal when you
added more drops of
water to it?

24. Interactive
EXPLAIN
2. What happened to the salt crystal when
you added more drops of water to it?
All of the salt particles
formed solvation
spheres and got
distributed throughout
the solution.

25. EXPLAIN Answers to Guide Questions
for Explore Activity
“Colligative Properties of Solutions”

26. Interactive
EXPLAIN
A. Freezing Point
1. What is the difference
between pure water
and salt solution
during freezing?

27. Interactive
EXPLAIN
1. What is the difference between pure
water and salt solution during freezing?
Pure water freezes at
0oC while a salt
solution freezes at a
temperature lower
than 0oC.

28. Interactive
EXPLAIN
A. Freezing Point
2. What will happen if you
add more salt to the
solution?

29. Interactive
EXPLAIN
2. What will happen if you add more salt to
the solution?
Water molecules will find it more
difficult to rearrange in order to
solidify because of the presence
of more salt particles; thus,
requiring a lower temperature to
force the particles to move closer
to each other.

30. Interactive
EXPLAIN
A. Freezing Point
3. At the same
temperature, what is
the difference between
the vapor pressure of
pure water and salt
solution?

31. Interactive
EXPLAIN
3. At the same temperature, what is the
difference between the vapor pressure
of pure water and salt solution?
Pure water has a higher
vapor pressure
compared to a salt
solution.

32. Interactive
EXPLAIN
B. Vapor Pressure
1. What should you do to
make the vapor
pressure of the two set-
ups, pure and salt
solution, equal?

33. Interactive
EXPLAIN
1. What should you do to make the vapor
pressure of the two set-ups, pure and
salt solution, equal?
Increase the
temperature of the salt
solution to force more
solvent particles to
vaporize.

34. Interactive
EXPLAIN
B. Vapor Pressure
2. What will happen to the
vapor pressure if you
add more solute to the
salt solution?

35. Interactive
EXPLAIN
2. What will happen to the vapor pressure
if you add more solute to the salt
solution?
More water molecules will
be attached to salt
particles, making it more
difficult to increase the
vapor pressure of the
solution.

36. Interactive
EXPLAIN
C. Boiling Point
1. What will happen to the
bubbles if you continue
to increase the
temperature of pure
water?

37. Interactive
EXPLAIN
1. What will happen to the bubbles if you
continue to increase the temperature of
pure water?
The vapor pressure
inside the bubble will
increase, causing the
bubble to increase in
size.

38. Interactive
EXPLAIN
C. Boiling Point
2. What if you add salt to
water to make it a salt
solution? What will
happen to its boiling
temperature?

39. Interactive
EXPLAIN
2. What if you add salt to water to make it a
salt solution? What will happen to its
boiling temperature?
Salt particles will make it
difficult for water
molecules to vaporize;
thus, lowering its vapor
pressure. This will cause
the boiling point to
increase.

40. Interactive
EXPLAIN
C. Boiling Point
3. What is the difference
between the boiling point
of pure water and the
boiling point of salt
solution?

41. Interactive
EXPLAIN
3. What is the difference between the
boiling point of pure water and the
boiling point of salt solution?
A salt solution has a
higher boiling point
compared to pure water.

42. Interactive
EXPLAIN
C. Boiling Point
4. What do you think is the effect of
vapor pressure of pure water on
its boiling point? What do you
think is the effect of vapor
pressure of salt solution on its
boiling point?

43. Interactive
EXPLAIN
4. What do you think is the effect of vapor
pressure of pure water on its boiling
point? What do you think is the effect of
vapor pressure of salt solution on its
boiling point?
The higher vapor pressure in
pure water means it can easily
become equal with the
atmospheric pressure…

44. Interactive
EXPLAIN
4. What do you think is the effect of vapor
pressure of pure water on its boiling
point? What do you think is the effect of
vapor pressure of salt solution on its
boiling point?
…while the lower vapor
pressure in salt solution
means it will require more
energy to vaporize more water
molecules…

45. Interactive
EXPLAIN
4. What do you think is the effect of vapor
pressure of pure water on its boiling
point? What do you think is the effect of
vapor pressure of salt solution on its
boiling point?
…so that its vapor pressure
could reach the atmospheric
pressure…

46. Interactive
EXPLAIN
4. What do you think is the effect of vapor
pressure of pure water on its boiling
point? What do you think is the effect of
vapor pressure of salt solution on its
boiling point?
...Therefore, a salt solution will
have a higher boiling point
compared to pure water.

47. Interactive
EXPLAIN
C. Boiling Point
5. What do you think will
happen to boiling point of
salt solution when more
salt is added to it?

48. Interactive
EXPLAIN
5. What do you think will happen to boiling
point of salt solution when more salt is
added to it?
The boiling point of the
salt solution will
continue to increase.

49. Interactive
EXPLAIN
D. Osmotic Pressure
What do you think causes
the solvent in the diluted
solution to be pushed
towards the concentrated
solution?

50. Interactive
EXPLAIN
What do you think causes the solvent in the
diluted solution to be pushed towards the
concentrated solution?
Diluted solution has lesser
solute dissolved in the solvent.
This means that a diluted
solution will have a higher vapor
pressure compared to a
concentrated solution…

51. Interactive
EXPLAIN
What do you think causes the solvent in the
diluted solution to be pushed towards the
concentrated solution?
…The high vapor pressure on the
diluted solution pushes the
solution downward, through the
semipermeable membrane…

52. Interactive
EXPLAIN
What do you think causes the solvent in the
diluted solution to be pushed towards the
concentrated solution?
…Once the two solutions reach
equilibrium or almost the same
concentration, the movement of
the solvent through the
semipermeable membrane will
stop.

53. When two or more substances combine to
form a solution, the substances break apart
and get evenly distributed throughout the
mixture, making a homogeneous mixture.

54. One substance somehow disappears and
mixes in the other. The substance that
dissolves or mixes is called a solute while
the substance in which the solute dissolves
in is called a solvent.

55. The phase of the solvent is also phase of
the solution formed. Usually, the substance
that has the greater quantity is the solvent.

56. Confirm the results of your experiment with the table below:
Phase of Substance 1 Phase of Substance 2 Phase of Solution
Salt – Solute Water – Solvent LIQUID
Gasoline – Solvent Wax – Solute LIQUID
Carbon Dioxide – Solute Cola – Solvent LIQUID
Acetone – Solvent Dry Nail Polish – Solute LIQUID
Palladium Metal –
Solvent
Hydrogen Gas – Solute SOLID

57. In the case of two liquids mixed together
(like alcohol and water), the active
ingredient is considered as the solute even
if it has the greater quantity.

58. So, in 40% ethyl alcohol (40% ethyl alcohol
+60% water) and 70% ethyl alcohol (70%
alcohol + 30% water), the solute for both
solution is ethyl alcohol and the solvent is
water.

59. When the solvent interacts with the solute,
the solute gets pulled out from its structure
and gets surrounded by the solvent, thus
forming the solvation sphere.

60. Normally, the solvent is greater in quantity
compared to the solute. This is to ensure
that there are enough solvent molecules to
form a solvation sphere with the solute.

61. But in the case of a liquid-liquid solution like
acetic acid and water in a vinegar solution,
the more active ingredient (i.e. acetic acid)
is the solute even if it is greater in quantity
than water.

62. What if there is too much solvent as
compared to the solute?
The solute becomes completely dissolved
and there are more solvent molecules
available to dissolve additional solute.

63. What if there is too much solvent as
compared to the solute?
This type of solution that has less than the
maximum amount of solute the solvent can
dissolve is called an Unsaturated Solution.

64. What if there’s too much solute as
compared to the solvent?
At a certain temperature and amount of
solute, the solvent could no longer dissolve
the extra solute.

65. What if there’s too much solute as
compared to the solvent?
The type of solution where the solvent has
reached maximum number of solute it can
dissolve at a certain temperature is called a
saturated solution.

66. What if there’s too much solute as
compared to the solvent?
The type of solution where the solvent has
reached maximum number of solute it can
dissolve at a certain temperature is called a
saturated solution.

67. What if there’s too much solute as
compared to the solvent?
In this type of solution, there are no more
available solvent molecules that could break
apart and form a solvation sphere with the
solute, thus, the extra solute does not
dissolve and sinks (or floats) at the
container.

68. In a solution, the interaction between solute
and solvent causes changes in the freezing
point, vapor pressure, boiling point and
causes osmosis. And when you add more
solute to the solution, these changes
become more pronounced.

69. These properties of solution that depend on
the amount of solute dissolved in the
solvent are called Colligative Properties.
Take note that it only depends on the
amount of solute and not on the nature or
type of solute.

70. To summarize, Colligative Properties of a
Solution are as follows:
• Freezing point depression
• Vapor Pressure Lowering
• Boiling Point Elevation
• Osmotic Pressure

71. Freezing point depression occurs
because the particles are finding it hard to
organize themselves into a rigid structure
due to the presence of the solute.

72. More solute means more difficulty in forming
a solid structure. Lowering the temperature
will force the particles to get much closer in
order to solidify.

73. The vapor pressure of a solution gets
lowered because the solvent is attached to
the solvent, making it harder for the solvent
to evaporate, requiring more heat to
dislodge from the solute.

74. Take note that once a liquid reaches its
boiling point, the temperature will not
change because the heat that is being
added to the liquid is taken away by the
molecules that evaporate.

75. Because the vapor pressure is lowered,
more energy is needed in order for the
vapor pressure inside the bubbles to
overcome the atmospheric pressure.

76. And lastly, the solvent moves from a low
concentration to a high concentration
solution due to the difference in their vapor
pressures. The concentrated solution has a
lower vapor pressure compared to the
diluted solution.

77. The high vapor pressure of the diluted
solution will push the solvent through the
semipermeable membrane, causing the
volume of the concentrated solution to rise
until both solutions have the same
concentration.

78. ELABORATE

79. ELABORATE
Removing Ice on
Icy Roads Using
Salts
Icy roads during winter make
the street slippery and
dangerous for motorists. To
avoid this, locals sprinkle salt on
the roads to melt the ice.
ELABORATE

80. ELABORATE
Removing Ice on
Icy Roads Using
Salts
Learn more about sprinkling salt
on icy roads by watching this
video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=6V_AVe3zWu8
ELABORATE

81. ELABORATE
Too Much Salt
and Too Much
Water is Bad
Why do we get thirsty when we
eat very sweet foods or drink
salty water?
ELABORATE

82. ELABORATE
Too Much Salt
and Too Much
Water is Bad
The water from our cells move
out through the cell membranes
as it tries to lower the
concentration of solution
surrounding it, causing our cells
to shrink.
ELABORATE

83. ELABORATE
Too Much Salt
and Too Much
Water is Bad
To replenish the lost solvent, we
need to drink water (low to no
concentration of salt) so that the
cell (high concentration) would
go back to its original size.
ELABORATE

84. ELABORATE
Too Much Salt
and Too Much
Water is Bad
But do take note that drinking
too much water can cause the
cell to swell and burst, killing the
cells! (Note: all chemicals can
become a poison when taken.)
ELABORATE

85. ELABORATE
Pickling
Pickled Cucumbers are great
condiments served alongside
burgers.
Watch this to learn how to make
them at home:
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=jVvqR4UMqN0
ELABORATE

86. ELABORATE
Pickling
What other food products can
you make using the concept of
osmosis?
ELABORATE

87. ELABORATE
Drinks and Sports
Why should you not drink soft
drinks or cola after playing a ball
game like basketball and
sweating a lot? Is plain water
enough?
ELABORATE

88. ELABORATE
ELABORATE
Space
If you are an astronaut and your
space suit got punctured while
spacewalking, what will happen
to your bodily fluids?

89. EVALUATE

90. If you mix alcohol and water, which one is the solute?
A. Alcohol
B. Water
C. There is no solute since both are liquid.
1
1
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

91. What do you call a solution that can still
dissolve extra solute added to it?
A. Unsaturated
B. Saturated
C. Supersaturated
1
2
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the
correct answer.

92. Which colligative property is responsible for
us getting thirsty when we eat salty foods?
A. Freezing point depression
B. Boiling point elevation
C. Osmotic pressure
1
3
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the
correct answer.

93. What will happen if you boil water on the
summit of Mt. Everest?
A. Water will boil at 100oC.
B. Water will boil below 100oC.
C. Water will boil above 100oC.
1
4
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the
correct answer.

94. Salty ice is used to keep sorbetes or “dirty ice
cream” cold. How do you describe the
temperature of salty ice?
A. 0oC
B. Below 0oC
C. Above 0oC
1
5
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the
correct answer.

95. In a solution, the substance that has the
greater quantity is the solute.
1
6
Determine if the given statement is TRUE or
FALSE.

96. These properties of solution that depend on
the amount of solute dissolved in the solvent
are called Colligative Properties.
1
7
Determine if the given statement is TRUE or
FALSE.

97. Lowering the temperature will force the
particles to get much closer in order to
solidify.
1
8
Determine if the given statement is TRUE or
FALSE.

98. A concentrated solution has a higher vapor
pressure compared to a diluted solution.
1
9
Determine if the given statement is TRUE or
FALSE.

99. The water from our cells move out through
the cell membranes as it tries to lower the
concentration of solution surrounding it,
causing our cells to expand.
1
10
Determine if the given statement is TRUE or
FALSE.