This document discusses stereotypes and representation in media. It provides information about analyzing representations in media through technical codes like camera work, editing, sound, and mise-en-scene. It also lists different representation categories like gender, ethnicity, age, class/status, sexuality, regional identity, and ability/disability. Examples of both reinforced and challenged stereotypes are requested for each category along with an analysis of how technical codes construct those representations positively or negatively.

1. Stereotypes & Representation
L/O: to reflect on and develop your
understanding about stereotypes

2. In bullet points, what have you learnt
about this exam?
• 1 min

3. Quiz
1. T or F: The main objective of the exam is to analyse the technical codes.
2. T or F: The main objective of the exam is to analyse the representation.
3. T or F: You will be shown the clip 5 times
4. T or F: You are allowed to take notes during all the viewings.
5. T or F: The introduction should start of with something like “In this essay
I will discuss….” and then proceed to explain what you will say.
6. T or F: The invigilator will not advise you when to start writing for section
B.
7. T or F: A level 2 paper is likely to only discuss 2/4 technical codes (ie.
Camera work and sound and not editing or mise-en-scene)
8. T or F: Editing and mise-en-scene are the 2 most neglected categories.
9. T or F: you get 20 marks for terminology
10. T or F: You need to get at least 35/50 marks to get a B grade for exam

4. Name the 7 representation categories
• Gender
• Age
• Ethnicity
• Class & Status
• Sexuality
• Regional Identity
• Ability/disability

5. Objective
Which level can you do?
• Tell me some reinforced stereotypes, give 1-2
examples
• Tell me some challenged stereotypes, give 1-2
examples
• How are those representations constructed?
(technical codes –cam, edit, sound, MES)
• Positive or negative?
• Why? (contextualise?)

6. Gender
(Example)
• Female
– Women are domestic/unable to do ‘physical work’:
• Mr Muscle – housewife
– CAM SAMC: asymmetrical balance – framed around mr muscle
– Sound: ‘it’s such hard work’ ‘thanks mr muscle’……exaggerated feminine
tone……incidental music
– Editing: ellipsis, cuts to show she didn’t solve, no shot reverse shot/eyeline
match and little time allocation to show insignifcance/less important role
– MES: housewife look – hair tied back, no make-up, casual clothes, rubber
gloves protect ‘delicate hands’……clean kitchen though (she can clean)
– Positive or negative? Negative – old fashioned stereotype suggesting women
need a man to solve more strenuous jobs
– Why? (contextualise?) target audience – aiming towards that type of
audience who could relate and therefore buy the product ……..familiar
stereotypes that mainstream audiences would understand
• Male
• Trans

7. Ethnicity
• Caucasian
• Black
• Asian
• Oriental
• European
• Eastern European/western european
• Arab
• Hispanic

8. Age
• Infant
• Toddler
• Child
• Teenager
• Young adult
• Adult
• Elderly

9. 12D
1 2 3 4 5
Ethnicity Class & Status Sexuality Regional
Identity
Ability/disabilit
y

10. 12C
1 2 3 4
Class & Status Sexuality Regional Identity Ability/disability

11. presentations
• Each group present your category

12. Class & Status
• -first decide on what the difference is between
class and status and how someone belongs to
a certain class and/or status
• (Example:
• -think of how class/status has changed over
time (context) and then decide what is
stereotypical of different class and status

13. Ability/disability
• -remember this could be physical and/or mental
• Physical: physical abilities (such as athlete) or
physical disabilities (such as wheelchair or deaf)
• Mental: mental abilities (such as intelligence) or
mental disabilities (such as down’s syndrome or
bipolar )
• -what is stereotypical of different groups who
have ability? Likewise groups who have a
disability?

14. Sexuality
• -remember sexuality is not just physical acts of
sex but extensive of relationships/behaviours
etc. ie. ‘kissing’ is sexuality
• -consider the role of: orientation, gender,
attitudes, age, ethnicity/religion, time period,
ability/disability etc. (these factors impact a
person’s sexuality)
• -what is stereotypical among different social
groups’ sexuality?

15. Regional Identity
• -identity determined by ‘region’ (place)
…….you are likely to get a contrast between
urban vs rural (north vs south)
• -what is stereotypical of different regions?
(east/west/north/central/south London, South
west (Cornwall/Devon/Bristol etc), Liverpool,
Birmingham, Newcastle, Essex, Yorkshire,
Scottish, Irish etc)

16. Extra stuff to ponder…….

17. Ability/disability
• Debate: ‘the undateables’
• Positive/progressive: have a space/voice
• Negative: should be integrated into
mainstream….segregated them from society for
them to gawp (morbid curosity?)
• (it’s focused around the fact they
• The bone collector – hero/intelligent/gets woman
• Finding nemo

18. Class & Status
• Class = born with or to class
• Has it changed?
• Aristocracy – you were born into wealth
• Now you can excel Ex richard branson/simon cowell
• Status = social status, can change no matter what class
(respect and power)
• Think of how its changed over time ……
• Happyness?
• Emmerdale?
• Skint vs made in chelsea?

19. Sexuality
• Orientation
• Attitude
• Gender
• Age
• Ethnicity/religion
• Time period
• Disability

20. Regional Identity
• Urban vs rural
• North vs south
• Geordie – geordie shore
• Essex – TOWIE,
• south west (west country) (cornwall, bath, dorset, bristol, devon) –
countryside, village, everyone knows everyone, rural, friendly, surfer, folky
• Yorkshire – flatcap, dogs, tweed, pipes, countryside, brew, intolerate,
• London – (east london vs west) (eastenders vs made in chelsea) east
london -
• Liverpool – rough, thieves, girls in hair rollers, culture – art, football,
poverty, unemployment, benefits, working class but hardworking
• Birmingham – benefits street
• Scotland – unhealthy, drinks/drugs, bad weather, historical, nationalist –
independent, aggressive, friendly, religious, - (trainspotting)
• Irish – drinking, ginger, guiness, big family, traditional,

21. Homework
• Revise section a terms