Life is about choices. We deal with choices in our personal lives everyday. Most of us are guided by such questions as, “Is this the correct thing to do? Is this the right decision to make?” We are guided by our own sense of morality, i.e. the difference between right and wrong.
Ethics, ethical behaviour, and the culture of ethics starts with the leadership of an organization. Associates in an organization emulate the behaviour of the leaders of the organization. So, if the leaders behave unethically, then, it stands to reason that subordinates will, also.
Life is about choices. We deal with choices in our personal lives everyday. Most of us are guided by such questions as, “Is this the correct thing to do? Is this the right decision to make?” We are guided by our own sense of morality, i.e. the difference between right and wrong.
Ethics, ethical behaviour, and the culture of ethics starts with the leadership of an organization. Associates in an organization emulate the behaviour of the leaders of the organization. So, if the leaders behave unethically, then, it stands to reason that subordinates will, also.
The law is the key starting point for any business. Most leading businesses also have their own statement of Business Principles which set out their core values and standards. In Anglo American”s case, this is called “Good Citizenship”.
In today’s workplaces, human resources professionals often take on the role of ethics advisors to managers and employees in the company. When workplace misconduct surfaces, the HR team may be called upon to assist in internal investigations and spread awareness of ethics issues to help prevent future code of ethics violations. HR professionals need to be able to recognize when ethical issues need to be addressed and understand how to develop techniques for resolving them.
Join Angela Reddock-Wright, employment attorney, author and speaker, as she discusses practical strategies for identifying and resolving ethics issues in the workplace.
Webinar attendees will learn:
When to escalate ethics issues and to whom
How to identify early warning signals of conflict between personal and work values
How to address specific employment-related ethical issues and conflicts
Leading strategies for handling ethical issues in the workplace
Key elements of an organizational code of ethics
How ethics affect a company’s bottom line
The law is the key starting point for any business. Most leading businesses also have their own statement of Business Principles which set out their core values and standards. In Anglo American”s case, this is called “Good Citizenship”.
In today’s workplaces, human resources professionals often take on the role of ethics advisors to managers and employees in the company. When workplace misconduct surfaces, the HR team may be called upon to assist in internal investigations and spread awareness of ethics issues to help prevent future code of ethics violations. HR professionals need to be able to recognize when ethical issues need to be addressed and understand how to develop techniques for resolving them.
Join Angela Reddock-Wright, employment attorney, author and speaker, as she discusses practical strategies for identifying and resolving ethics issues in the workplace.
Webinar attendees will learn:
When to escalate ethics issues and to whom
How to identify early warning signals of conflict between personal and work values
How to address specific employment-related ethical issues and conflicts
Leading strategies for handling ethical issues in the workplace
Key elements of an organizational code of ethics
How ethics affect a company’s bottom line
- 1 - Modified Trevino & Nelson Model for Ethical Deci.docxhoney725342
- 1 -
Modified Trevino & Nelson
Model for Ethical Decision Making
This is the ethical decision–making model from your main text, LINDA K. TREVINO &
KATHERINE A. NELSON, MANAGING BUSINESS ETHICS (2014) [TREVINO & NELSON], modified
slightly by your instructor.
1. Get the Facts
This is certainly one of the most important steps in any kind of decision making. The worst
thing you can do is jump to conclusions without having all pertinent facts. Without the pertinent
facts, you run the risk of overreacting or being ethically overzealous, which can be very off-putting
to your friends and colleagues (nobody likes a “Goody Two Shoes”), indicate overall poor
judgment and cause you to use up your “political” capital within your organization or group.
Be aware of emotion or other types of personal bias (we all have some) in gathering and
analyzing the facts. Try to be as neutral and objective as you can be before you make too many
judgments about what happened to present the ethical dilemma or is likely to happen if you take
certain actions in response to the dilemma. As you go through the other steps in this model, be
alert to facts you may have misinterpreted or to missing facts. In other words, do not be reluctant
to revise and update both the material facts and any inferences you have drawn from them (a
grounding in basic logic comes in handy here). Ask yourself (1) what important facts do I not
have (knowing the importance of what you don’t know can be key), (2) what can I do to develop
the facts; and (3) do I know enough to act?
Going through this factual development process (as well as the other steps in this model)
can sometimes lead you to a creative response you would not otherwise have discovered. It may
also cause you to decide rationally to delay action until more facts are presented (assuming a delay
is not prejudicial to important stakeholders).
2. Identify & Define the Ethical Issues
This step could easily be the first, although sometimes the ethical dilemma does not fully
present itself until you have all the facts (chicken or the egg?). A sensitivity to ethical issues (which
can be learned) is a must. Many people fail to act ethically (even by their own standards) because
they fail to see an ethical issue when it is presented (e.g., because of schema or “scripts” we all use
everyday).
Answer this question: Why I am I so conflicted in this situation? Is there something wrong
personally or within my family, circle of friends, organization or society generally? Could the
conflict, the situation, or the decision be damaging to people or to the community? Does the issue
go beyond legal or institutional concerns? What does it do to people, who have dignity, rights,
- 2 -
and hopes for a better life together? What is your gut telling you about this situation? Listen to
your intuition and feelings; these are important data. Are “right” and “wrong” in play? If so, your
...
1
SCH-MGMT 192T: TRANSITIONS: Big Ideas in Business
Frameworks for Ethical Decision-making
Making good ethical decisions requires a trained sensitivity to ethical issues. It also requires a practiced
method for exploring the ethical aspects of a decision and weighing the considerations that should
impact our choice of a course of action. Having a method for ethical decision making is essential. When
practiced regularly, the method becomes so familiar that we work through it automatically without
consulting the specific steps. This is one reason why we can sometimes say that we have a “moral
intuition” about a certain situation, even when we have not consciously thought through the issue.
We can be practiced at making ethical judgments, just as we can be practiced at playing the piano, in
which case we can sit and play well “without thinking.” However, it's not always advisable to follow our
immediate intuitions, especially in complicated or unfamiliar situations. Here our method for ethical
decision-making should help us recognize these new and unfamiliar situations and act accordingly.
The more novel and difficult the ethical choice we face, the more we must rely on discussion and
dialogue with others about the dilemma. Only by careful exploration of the problem, aided by the
insights and different perspectives of others, can we make good ethical choices in such situations.
Three Frameworks
Below we discuss three broad frameworks to guide ethical decision-making: the Consequentialist
Framework; the Duty Framework; and the Virtue Framework. While each of these frameworks is useful
for making ethical decisions, none is perfect. Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of the
frameworks will be helpful in deciding which is most useful in approach the particular situation with
which we are presented.
1. The Consequentialist Framework
In the Consequentialist Framework, we focus on the future effects of the possible courses of action,
considering the people who will be directly or indirectly affected. We ask about what outcomes are
desirable in a given situation and consider ethical conduct to be whatever will achieve the best
consequences. The person using the Consequentialist Framework desires to produce the most good.
Among the advantages of this ethical framework is that focusing on the results of an action is a
pragmatic approach. It helps in situations involving many people, some of whom may benefit from the
action, while others may not. Of course, it's not always possible to predict the consequences of an
action, so some actions that are expected to produce good consequences might actually end up harming
people. Additionally, people sometimes react negatively to the use of compromise—an inherent part of
this approach—and recoil from the implication that the end justifies the means. The Consequentialist
Framework also does not include a pronouncement that certain things are alway ...
1 SCH-MGMT 192T TRANSITIONS Big Ideas in Business AbbyWhyte974
1
SCH-MGMT 192T: TRANSITIONS: Big Ideas in Business
Frameworks for Ethical Decision-making
Making good ethical decisions requires a trained sensitivity to ethical issues. It also requires a practiced
method for exploring the ethical aspects of a decision and weighing the considerations that should
impact our choice of a course of action. Having a method for ethical decision making is essential. When
practiced regularly, the method becomes so familiar that we work through it automatically without
consulting the specific steps. This is one reason why we can sometimes say that we have a “moral
intuition” about a certain situation, even when we have not consciously thought through the issue.
We can be practiced at making ethical judgments, just as we can be practiced at playing the piano, in
which case we can sit and play well “without thinking.” However, it's not always advisable to follow our
immediate intuitions, especially in complicated or unfamiliar situations. Here our method for ethical
decision-making should help us recognize these new and unfamiliar situations and act accordingly.
The more novel and difficult the ethical choice we face, the more we must rely on discussion and
dialogue with others about the dilemma. Only by careful exploration of the problem, aided by the
insights and different perspectives of others, can we make good ethical choices in such situations.
Three Frameworks
Below we discuss three broad frameworks to guide ethical decision-making: the Consequentialist
Framework; the Duty Framework; and the Virtue Framework. While each of these frameworks is useful
for making ethical decisions, none is perfect. Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of the
frameworks will be helpful in deciding which is most useful in approach the particular situation with
which we are presented.
1. The Consequentialist Framework
In the Consequentialist Framework, we focus on the future effects of the possible courses of action,
considering the people who will be directly or indirectly affected. We ask about what outcomes are
desirable in a given situation and consider ethical conduct to be whatever will achieve the best
consequences. The person using the Consequentialist Framework desires to produce the most good.
Among the advantages of this ethical framework is that focusing on the results of an action is a
pragmatic approach. It helps in situations involving many people, some of whom may benefit from the
action, while others may not. Of course, it's not always possible to predict the consequences of an
action, so some actions that are expected to produce good consequences might actually end up harming
people. Additionally, people sometimes react negatively to the use of compromise—an inherent part of
this approach—and recoil from the implication that the end justifies the means. The Consequentialist
Framework also does not include a pronouncement that certain things are alway ...
A Framework for Thinking EthicallyThis document is designed as a.docxransayo
A Framework for Thinking Ethically
This document is designed as an introduction to thinking ethically. We all have an image of our better selves-of how we are when we act ethically or are "at our best." We probably also have an image of what an ethical community, an ethical business, an ethical government, or an ethical society should be. Ethics really has to do with all these levels-acting ethically as individuals, creating ethical organizations and governments, and making our society as a whole ethical in the way it treats everyone.What is Ethics?
Simply stated, ethics refers to standards of behavior that tell us how human beings ought to act in the many situations in which they find themselves-as friends, parents, children, citizens, businesspeople, teachers, professionals, and so on.
It is helpful to identify what ethics is NOT:
· Ethics is not the same as feelings. Feelings provide important information for our ethical choices. Some people have highly developed habits that make them feel bad when they do something wrong, but many people feel good even though they are doing something wrong. And often our feelings will tell us it is uncomfortable to do the right thing if it is hard.
· Ethics is not religion. Many people are not religious, but ethics applies to everyone. Most religions do advocate high ethical standards but sometimes do not address all the types of problems we face.
· Ethics is not following the law. A good system of law does incorporate many ethical standards, but law can deviate from what is ethical. Law can become ethically corrupt, as some totalitarian regimes have made it. Law can be a function of power alone and designed to serve the interests of narrow groups. Law may have a difficult time designing or enforcing standards in some important areas, and may be slow to address new problems.
· Ethics is not following culturally accepted norms. Some cultures are quite ethical, but others become corrupt -or blind to certain ethical concerns (as the United States was to slavery before the Civil War). "When in Rome, do as the Romans do" is not a satisfactory ethical standard.
· Ethics is not science. Social and natural science can provide important data to help us make better ethical choices. But science alone does not tell us what we ought to do. Science may provide an explanation for what humans are like. But ethics provides reasons for how humans ought to act. And just because something is scientifically or technologically possible, it may not be ethical to do it.
Why Identifying Ethical Standards is Hard
There are two fundamental problems in identifying the ethical standards we are to follow:
1. On what do we base our ethical standards?
2. How do those standards get applied to specific situations we face?
If our ethics are not based on feelings, religion, law, accepted social practice, or science, what are they based on? Many philosophers and ethicists have helped us answer this critical question. They have suggested .
Ethics in the Workplace is the single most important attribute which leads to Sustainable Development.The Process of taking Ethical Decisions is very crucial in this context.
Responses1-LA1 The human race is structured in a way that diff.docxronak56
Responses
1-LA1 The human race is structured in a way that different individual have different opinions. Similarly, people might have some similar moral ethics while others differ. The Virtue ethical theory is universal in that attributes are universally recognized as good or bad (The Universal Moral Code). Kant’s and the Utilitarian theories are relative. First, Kant’s theory dwells on the fulfillment of a responsibility. Some responsibilities are accepted in some communities while others do not. Similarly, utilitarianism looks at the consequences of the actions, which differ according to the community.
Ethical relativism and universalism differ in more than one way. However, with the correct attitude towards a particular action, one will be able to distinguish whether it is beneficial or not. Activities that evoke difference in opinions should be minimized at all times. In addition, making sure that the actions are clear so that an individual is able to distinguish between right and wrong is also important. Furthermore, appreciating the different cultures help individuals to adapt to any change brought forward.
Reference
The Universal Moral Code. Retrieved from http://www.universalmoralcode.com/
1-LA2 This is a technological era that we expect more technological discoveries to continue coming in. One of such discoveries is the self-driving car, which makes the effort being put in by human beings almost negligible. Concerns about the vehicle come in when a decision has to be made in the case of an unexpected accident (Why Self-Driving Cars Must Be Programmed to Kill, 2015). Some people will choose to go over the ten people on crossing the road, while others will choose to have the individual by the sidewalk be a sacrifice.
It is very rare for an individual who bought the car to make himself or herself a sacrifice. This means that in the case of an accident, they are bound to run over other people. The self-driving car evokes different views by different people. However, one thing is clear, one has to either kill others or risk dying. In my opinion, I would rather stay die than see ten other people die.
Reference
Why Self-Driving Cars Must Be Programmed to Kill. (2015, October 22). Retrieved from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/542626/why-self-driving-cars-must-be-programmed-to-kill/
2-LA1 From a teleological Virtue Ethic approach, supporters of this theory would conclude that morality is universal. According to Keith (2003), the universal moral code is separated into two sets of statements that involve “do no harm” and “do good.” This concept is based on people acting virtuously. An opposing view may argue the concept of relativism stating a moral code is relative to an individual’s or groups geographical location (Basilthegiant, n.d.). Using an example from Keith’s universal code such as do not murder is something that disproves the opposing view. Some may argue that there are times when murder can be justified such as war or se ...
The Good News, newsletter for June 2024 is hereNoHo FUMC
Our monthly newsletter is available to read online. We hope you will join us each Sunday in person for our worship service. Make sure to subscribe and follow us on YouTube and social media.
The PBHP DYC ~ Reflections on The Dhamma (English).pptxOH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint Presentation based on the Dhamma Reflections for the PBHP DYC for the years 1993 – 2012. To motivate and inspire DYC members to keep on practicing the Dhamma and to do the meritorious deed of Dhammaduta work.
The texts are in English.
For the Video with audio narration, comments and texts in English, please check out the Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zF2g_43NEa0
Lesson 9 - Resisting Temptation Along the Way.pptxCelso Napoleon
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SBs – Sunday Bible School
Adult Bible Lessons 2nd quarter 2024 CPAD
MAGAZINE: THE CAREER THAT IS PROPOSED TO US: The Path of Salvation, Holiness and Perseverance to Reach Heaven
Commentator: Pastor Osiel Gomes
Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon
Renewed in Grace
What Should be the Christian View of Anime?Joe Muraguri
We will learn what Anime is and see what a Christian should consider before watching anime movies? We will also learn a little bit of Shintoism religion and hentai (the craze of internet pornography today).
In Jude 17-23 Jude shifts from piling up examples of false teachers from the Old Testament to a series of practical exhortations that flow from apostolic instruction. He preserves for us what may well have been part of the apostolic catechism for the first generation of Christ-followers. In these instructions Jude exhorts the believer to deal with 3 different groups of people: scoffers who are "devoid of the Spirit", believers who have come under the influence of scoffers and believers who are so entrenched in false teaching that they need rescue and pose some real spiritual risk for the rescuer. In all of this Jude emphasizes Jesus' call to rescue straying sheep, leaving the 99 safely behind and pursuing the 1.
Exploring the Mindfulness Understanding Its Benefits.pptxMartaLoveguard
Slide 1: Title: Exploring the Mindfulness: Understanding Its Benefits
Slide 2: Introduction to Mindfulness
Mindfulness, defined as the conscious, non-judgmental observation of the present moment, has deep roots in Buddhist meditation practice but has gained significant popularity in the Western world in recent years. In today's society, filled with distractions and constant stimuli, mindfulness offers a valuable tool for regaining inner peace and reconnecting with our true selves. By cultivating mindfulness, we can develop a heightened awareness of our thoughts, feelings, and surroundings, leading to a greater sense of clarity and presence in our daily lives.
Slide 3: Benefits of Mindfulness for Mental Well-being
Practicing mindfulness can help reduce stress and anxiety levels, improving overall quality of life.
Mindfulness increases awareness of our emotions and teaches us to manage them better, leading to improved mood.
Regular mindfulness practice can improve our ability to concentrate and focus our attention on the present moment.
Slide 4: Benefits of Mindfulness for Physical Health
Research has shown that practicing mindfulness can contribute to lowering blood pressure, which is beneficial for heart health.
Regular meditation and mindfulness practice can strengthen the immune system, aiding the body in fighting infections.
Mindfulness may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity by reducing stress and improving overall lifestyle habits.
Slide 5: Impact of Mindfulness on Relationships
Mindfulness can help us better understand others and improve communication, leading to healthier relationships.
By focusing on the present moment and being fully attentive, mindfulness helps build stronger and more authentic connections with others.
Mindfulness teaches us how to be present for others in difficult times, leading to increased compassion and understanding.
Slide 6: Mindfulness Techniques and Practices
Focusing on the breath and mindful breathing can be a simple way to enter a state of mindfulness.
Body scan meditation involves focusing on different parts of the body, paying attention to any sensations and feelings.
Practicing mindful walking and eating involves consciously focusing on each step or bite, with full attention to sensory experiences.
Slide 7: Incorporating Mindfulness into Daily Life
You can practice mindfulness in everyday activities such as washing dishes or taking a walk in the park.
Adding mindfulness practice to daily routines can help increase awareness and presence.
Mindfulness helps us become more aware of our needs and better manage our time, leading to balance and harmony in life.
Slide 8: Summary: Embracing Mindfulness for Full Living
Mindfulness can bring numerous benefits for physical and mental health.
Regular mindfulness practice can help achieve a fuller and more satisfying life.
Mindfulness has the power to change our perspective and way of perceiving the world, leading to deeper se
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament, and is the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Israel from the conquest of Canaan to the Babylonian exile.
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HANUMAN STORIES: TIMELESS TEACHINGS FOR TODAY’S WORLDLearnyoga
Hanuman Stories: Timeless Teachings for Today’s World" delves into the inspiring tales of Hanuman, highlighting lessons of devotion, strength, and selfless service that resonate in modern life. These stories illustrate how Hanuman's unwavering faith and courage can guide us through challenges and foster resilience. Through these timeless narratives, readers can find profound wisdom to apply in their daily lives.
2. Consequentalist Approach - basically argues
"no harm, no foul“.
Deontological Approach - claims that some
actions are simply wrong.
3. we’re going to assume that if there are any laws
involved, you plan to obey them. This isn’t to say
that it’s always morally wrong to break laws. But
in ethical dilemmas that arise in business, the
laws generally establish at least a bare minimum
for how you should act. Besides, if a business
regularly breaks laws, it becomes an anti-social
force in society. And no matter how much
money’s involved, at that point, there’s not a
huge difference between a business and
organized crime.
4.
5. List the full range
of alternative
courses of action
available to you.
6. Assume you have a variety of options. Consider
the range of both positive and negative
consequences connected with each one.
- Who will be helped by what you do?
- Who will be hurt?
- What kind of benefits and harms are we talking about?
- How does all of this look over the long run as well as
the short run.
After looking at all of your options, which of your
options produces the best combination of benefits-
maximization and harm-minimization?
7. Concentrate instead strictly on the actions.
- How do they measure up against moral principles like
honesty, fairness, equality, respecting the dignity of
others, respecting people's rights, and recognizing the
vulnerability of individuals weaker or less fortunate than
others?
- Do any of the actions that you're considering "cross the line,"
in terms of anything from simple decency to an important
ethical principle?
- Is there a way to see one principle as more important than
the others?
What you're looking for is the option whose
actions are least problematic.
8. Take both parts of your analysis into account
and make a decision.
This strategy should give you at least some
basic steps you can follow.
9. Think about the circumstances which led to the
dilemma with the intention of identifying and
removing the conditions that allowed it to arise.
10. Ref.: Loyola Marymount University
http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gfda/resources/professionalethics/Hay_Steps%20to%20Resolving%20an%20Ethical%20Dilemma.pdf
