This document summarizes a workshop on business models held on February 2nd, 2012 by Stefano Mizio. The workshop discussed how business plans differ from business models, and that startups focus on searching for a repeatable business model through iteration rather than planning. It was noted that business models can be described using nine building blocks including customer segments, value propositions, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partnerships, and cost structure. The workshop emphasized testing business model hypotheses through customer interaction.
Lawrence Wright, serial entrepreneur
Лекция Лоренса Райта, серийного предпринимателя, основателя Стартап Академии Сколково и основателя компании GVA LaunchGurus для Startup Bootcamp 4-6 ноября 2015 года, интенсивной программы для начинающих предпринимателей
Modelo para preenchimento de Canvas em Power Point
Basta fazer o download da apresentação, já esta em .ppt para preenchimento.
+ informações: http://www.facebook.com/pagethiagosarraf
Lawrence Wright, serial entrepreneur
Лекция Лоренса Райта, серийного предпринимателя, основателя Стартап Академии Сколково и основателя компании GVA LaunchGurus для Startup Bootcamp 4-6 ноября 2015 года, интенсивной программы для начинающих предпринимателей
Modelo para preenchimento de Canvas em Power Point
Basta fazer o download da apresentação, já esta em .ppt para preenchimento.
+ informações: http://www.facebook.com/pagethiagosarraf
I made this presentation because I was having this one question in mind for many days First step of any Business is designing an exceptional Business Model,I hope it help you in solving your doubts.Thank You.
A Business DNA Map of the Business Model CanvasRod King, Ph.D.
This is a presentation that features an all-in-one tool for Business Model Innovation, Strategic Planning, and Performance Management. In business today, there are hundreds of tool. However, many of these tools are complex, disparate, and difficult to use. The Business DNA Map provides a visual plaftorm for presenting all planning tools. The Business DNA Map uses a visual story (narrative) framework to integrate the disparate tools of Business Model Innovation, Strategic Planning, and Performance Management.
A Business Model Canvas-KILLER. Rapidly Visualize, Prototype, and Test the 3 ...Rod King, Ph.D.
The Business Model Canvas can be considered as a graphic organizer (high level TreeMap) that shows 9 tessellated elements, tiles, or “building blocks” of an archetypal business model. Since the 2009 publication of Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur’s “Business Model Generation” book, use and popularity of the Business Model Canvas (BMC) have surged worldwide.
The BMC is enthusiastically used by entrepreneurs, startups, established businesses, and non-profit organizations as well as university students, lecturers, and selected scientists from America’s National Science Foundation program. But is the BMC efficiently being used? Is the traditional BMC a “living organism” that would evolve to a higher level or simply become extinct in the jungle of tools for Business Model Planning, Strategy, and Performance Management (BMPSPM)?
As a long-time practitioner of TRIZ (“Theory of Inventive Problem Solving”) and an avid observer of idealized systems, a particular question that interests me is this: Would the BMC evolve towards the “Ideal Final Result (IFR)” by disrupting and cannibalizing itself, that is, by becoming multi-functional while instantly using freely available and/or internal resources at little or no cost? In other words, would the BMC evolve from being “good” to being “great” as an adaptive organism?
So far, evolution regarding the graphic organizer of the BMC has been superficial: the visual structure or BMC Gameboard (blank graphic framework) and how to use it have remained the same. So far, the most popular change to the BMC is by Ash Maurya in his Lean Canvas. In the Lean Canvas, 4 topics (Key Partners, Key Activities, Key Resources, and Customer Relationships) are eliminated while being respectively replaced by topics such as Problem, Solution, Key Metrics, and Unfair Advantage. These changes violate the macro-logic of a business model. The Lean Canvas focuses on operationalizing the Lean Startup method which is a methodology for continuously managing highly risky (innovation) projects. However, the Lean Canvas is inadequate for Business Model Planning, Strategy, and Performance Management; the Lean Canvas does not use a business model as a unit of analysis.
Recently, I presented a list of 10 characteristics of a “great” Business Model Canvas. The traditional BMC scored a 3 (out of 10). The 10 characteristics relate to tasks especially in Business Model Planning, Strategy, and Performance Management as well as Business Model Gamification. The question, then, is: how can we “ideally” transform a good BMC to a great BMC? Ideally, we should make little or no changes to the topics of the BMC and logic of a business model. The Lean Canvas falls short of that ideal.
The presentation below shows how one can “gamificate” (turn into a game) the traditional BMC so that it meets the 10 criteria of a great Business Model Canvas.
http://goo.gl/vWnOHl
The Business Model Tree: 3 Simple Ways to Visualize a Business Model & Have "...Rod King, Ph.D.
What is a business model? That is the question that every organization must ask and collaboratively answer.
Currently, there's no consensus regarding the definition and visualization of a business model. However, the above presentation increases a 1-page definition and visualization of a business model to which all other business model definitions and visualizations relate. Hopefully, the above presentation would help the business community develop a shared language and understanding of what a business model means.
The 4 Interfaces for the Business Model Canvas and Storyboard: How to THINK O...Rod King, Ph.D.
If you are looking for ways to improve your creativity and productivity especially in Business Model Innovation, then explore the 4 ways of organizing and presenting information for systems.
Business DNA Model: All You Need to Know About the BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS & LE...Rod King, Ph.D.
Based on the concept of the Business DNA Map is a presentation below of the "Business DNA Model." This 1-Page diagram illustrates the inherent similarities and differences between Alexander Osterwalder's Business Model Canvas and Ash Maurya's Lean Canvas.
Deeply understanding the Business DNA Map would eliminate the controversies and confusion regarding the layout, structure, and content of the Business Model Canvas as well as the Lean Canvas.
Happy exploration!
http://goo.gl/LtAmwZ
This is an overview of the Business Model Generation book given at Umm Al Qura University, Faculty of Dentistry (UQUDent) along with a mini workshop about Business Model Canvas and how to use it with your team.
32 attendees including students and faculty staff participated and enriched the discussion of the book.
Check https://gibbon.co/Active/business-model-generation
#UQUDent_BMG for more resources.
Business Model Design, For a Competitive StartupMotaz Agamawi
We will go together through a journey on how we can build a competitive startup.
We are going to explore together the different stages we need to cover to reach a competitive startup.
Due to the available time of the workshop, we will not be able to go deeper, we will just try to identify what we need to do.
Our real Objective is how to reach Competitiveness. Through the Commercializing of technologies (ideas) which creates wealth for Individuals and Nations.
The Northfront Entrepreneur Alliance is a entreprenuer networking association in Northern Utah. This presentation was given on 04.06.11 to the group by Rob Kunz- a successfull entrepreneur, investor., and co-founder of BoomStartup. He discusses the Lean Startup Business Model and how to apply it.
I made this presentation because I was having this one question in mind for many days First step of any Business is designing an exceptional Business Model,I hope it help you in solving your doubts.Thank You.
A Business DNA Map of the Business Model CanvasRod King, Ph.D.
This is a presentation that features an all-in-one tool for Business Model Innovation, Strategic Planning, and Performance Management. In business today, there are hundreds of tool. However, many of these tools are complex, disparate, and difficult to use. The Business DNA Map provides a visual plaftorm for presenting all planning tools. The Business DNA Map uses a visual story (narrative) framework to integrate the disparate tools of Business Model Innovation, Strategic Planning, and Performance Management.
A Business Model Canvas-KILLER. Rapidly Visualize, Prototype, and Test the 3 ...Rod King, Ph.D.
The Business Model Canvas can be considered as a graphic organizer (high level TreeMap) that shows 9 tessellated elements, tiles, or “building blocks” of an archetypal business model. Since the 2009 publication of Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur’s “Business Model Generation” book, use and popularity of the Business Model Canvas (BMC) have surged worldwide.
The BMC is enthusiastically used by entrepreneurs, startups, established businesses, and non-profit organizations as well as university students, lecturers, and selected scientists from America’s National Science Foundation program. But is the BMC efficiently being used? Is the traditional BMC a “living organism” that would evolve to a higher level or simply become extinct in the jungle of tools for Business Model Planning, Strategy, and Performance Management (BMPSPM)?
As a long-time practitioner of TRIZ (“Theory of Inventive Problem Solving”) and an avid observer of idealized systems, a particular question that interests me is this: Would the BMC evolve towards the “Ideal Final Result (IFR)” by disrupting and cannibalizing itself, that is, by becoming multi-functional while instantly using freely available and/or internal resources at little or no cost? In other words, would the BMC evolve from being “good” to being “great” as an adaptive organism?
So far, evolution regarding the graphic organizer of the BMC has been superficial: the visual structure or BMC Gameboard (blank graphic framework) and how to use it have remained the same. So far, the most popular change to the BMC is by Ash Maurya in his Lean Canvas. In the Lean Canvas, 4 topics (Key Partners, Key Activities, Key Resources, and Customer Relationships) are eliminated while being respectively replaced by topics such as Problem, Solution, Key Metrics, and Unfair Advantage. These changes violate the macro-logic of a business model. The Lean Canvas focuses on operationalizing the Lean Startup method which is a methodology for continuously managing highly risky (innovation) projects. However, the Lean Canvas is inadequate for Business Model Planning, Strategy, and Performance Management; the Lean Canvas does not use a business model as a unit of analysis.
Recently, I presented a list of 10 characteristics of a “great” Business Model Canvas. The traditional BMC scored a 3 (out of 10). The 10 characteristics relate to tasks especially in Business Model Planning, Strategy, and Performance Management as well as Business Model Gamification. The question, then, is: how can we “ideally” transform a good BMC to a great BMC? Ideally, we should make little or no changes to the topics of the BMC and logic of a business model. The Lean Canvas falls short of that ideal.
The presentation below shows how one can “gamificate” (turn into a game) the traditional BMC so that it meets the 10 criteria of a great Business Model Canvas.
http://goo.gl/vWnOHl
The Business Model Tree: 3 Simple Ways to Visualize a Business Model & Have "...Rod King, Ph.D.
What is a business model? That is the question that every organization must ask and collaboratively answer.
Currently, there's no consensus regarding the definition and visualization of a business model. However, the above presentation increases a 1-page definition and visualization of a business model to which all other business model definitions and visualizations relate. Hopefully, the above presentation would help the business community develop a shared language and understanding of what a business model means.
The 4 Interfaces for the Business Model Canvas and Storyboard: How to THINK O...Rod King, Ph.D.
If you are looking for ways to improve your creativity and productivity especially in Business Model Innovation, then explore the 4 ways of organizing and presenting information for systems.
Business DNA Model: All You Need to Know About the BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS & LE...Rod King, Ph.D.
Based on the concept of the Business DNA Map is a presentation below of the "Business DNA Model." This 1-Page diagram illustrates the inherent similarities and differences between Alexander Osterwalder's Business Model Canvas and Ash Maurya's Lean Canvas.
Deeply understanding the Business DNA Map would eliminate the controversies and confusion regarding the layout, structure, and content of the Business Model Canvas as well as the Lean Canvas.
Happy exploration!
http://goo.gl/LtAmwZ
This is an overview of the Business Model Generation book given at Umm Al Qura University, Faculty of Dentistry (UQUDent) along with a mini workshop about Business Model Canvas and how to use it with your team.
32 attendees including students and faculty staff participated and enriched the discussion of the book.
Check https://gibbon.co/Active/business-model-generation
#UQUDent_BMG for more resources.
Business Model Design, For a Competitive StartupMotaz Agamawi
We will go together through a journey on how we can build a competitive startup.
We are going to explore together the different stages we need to cover to reach a competitive startup.
Due to the available time of the workshop, we will not be able to go deeper, we will just try to identify what we need to do.
Our real Objective is how to reach Competitiveness. Through the Commercializing of technologies (ideas) which creates wealth for Individuals and Nations.
The Northfront Entrepreneur Alliance is a entreprenuer networking association in Northern Utah. This presentation was given on 04.06.11 to the group by Rob Kunz- a successfull entrepreneur, investor., and co-founder of BoomStartup. He discusses the Lean Startup Business Model and how to apply it.
Busines model canvas - what is it and how can I use itAdrian M Odgers
This deck provides you with everything you need to know about the Business Model Canvas. It also provides instructions on how to create your own Business Model Canvas well as run a workshop to create one including use tips and tricks.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
The Business Model Canvas is a Strategic Management and Lean Startup template for developing new or redesigning existing business models to create competitive advantage.
Based on the framework developed by Strategyzer, the canvas is presented as a visual chart with 9 building blocks. These elements cover the areas of the organization's core offering, infrastructure, customers, and finances. They include: Customer Segments, Value Propositions, Channels, Customer Relationships, Revenue Streams, Key Resources, Key Activities, Key Partnerships and Cost Structure.
This innovative and increasingly popular tool can be used in a collaborative setting such as a strategy planning workshop. It helps organizations to align their activities by illustrating and discussing potential trade-offs in a structured manner. It is a hands-on tool that fosters understanding, discussion, creativity, and analysis.
This presentation provides a basic overview of the Business Model Canvas. It is intended to provide users with basic knowledge of the approach to business modeling. It is most suitable for a half-day or one-day workshop to familiarize participants with the Business Model Canvas, and its other concepts and tools, e.g. Design Thinking, Value Proposition Canvas.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the key concepts of business model thinking.
2. Acquire knowledge of the 9 building blocks of the Business Model Canvas for value creation.
3. Learn how to apply the Business Model Canvas to map out your current business model for understanding and analysis.
4. Gain basic knowledge of the Business Model design process and related frameworks.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction to Business Model Thinking
2. The 9 Building Blocks
3. The Business Model Canvas
4. Business Model Design Process
5. Basics of Design Thinking
6. The Value Proposition Canvas
7. Presenting the Business Model Canvas - Do's and Don'ts
Appendix: Additional Slides & Templates
To download this complete presentation, visit:
http://www.oeconsulting.com.sg
Alex Osterwalder has given the world the most innovative yet simple model to Design a Business Model. This presentation is based on his classic book Business Model Generation.
Business Model is the basis of en antrepreneurial success. With this training or consulting support, you will be able to visualize the key components of your business model ans build your strategy.
Similar to Stefano Mizio innovits workshop on business model (20)
Gec workshop corporate entrepreneurship march 2015 stefano mizioStefano Mizio
Established firms and Startups: the corporate entrepreneur’role. - Global Entrepreneurship Congress Milan 2015.
Startups, whether inside or outside corporation, require different set of management approaches than a mature business. How can managers apply new practices, emerging from the statup world, inside established companies for managing innovation projects leveraging internal capabilities? What are the main obstacles? How to overcome the corporate immune system? What are the main enablers to foster an innovation initiative? How are their companies’ environments hospitable to the work of corporate entrepreneurs? The panelists discussed real cases of how corporate entrepreneurs are able to connect people, resources, ideas and act as startupper.
What large companies can learn from the working culture and methodos of startups
The linear career path is long gone. Organizations need managers and executives with a high degree of diversity and curiousity to navigate through uncertainty. People who were exposed to a startup or involved in intrapreneurship experience
Workshop innovits i tutor imprenditori ottobre 2014 stefano mizioStefano Mizio
Contenuti del workshop Innovits dedicato agli startupper e agli itutor della 5 call4ideas.
Lean startup , customer development, business model canvas, value proposition canvas, value curve.
Innovits corporate catalyst stefano mizio 21 novembre 2013Stefano Mizio
Large corporations are integrating entrepreneurial behaviours with their existing capabilities. They aren't always Too Big to Innovate. Intrapreneurship and corporate catalyst.
Oggi le grandi aziende possano innovare – oltre a gestire le operations e i mercati esistenti – sfruttando asset difficili da replicare da parte di startups. L'innovazione dei modelli di business:alcuni esempi ed una riflessione sul mondo dell'editoria
Effetti della politica energetica cinese sulla domanda interna di energie ri...Stefano Mizio
Un’economia in forte crescita come quella Cinese ed il bisogno di energia che l’ha accompagnata negli ultimi decenni si sposa oggi con una radicata convinzione che la ricerca di fonti di energie rinnovabili possa essere la ricetta per una crescita sostenibile. Questo lavoro si propone di studiare gli effetti sul settore delle energie rinnovabili in Cina, dei massicci piani d’investimento pubblici e degli sforzi di regolamentazione normativa degli ultimi anni.
India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, “India Orthopedic Devices Market -Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2030”, the India Orthopedic Devices Market stood at USD 1,280.54 Million in 2024 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.84% in the forecast period, 2026-2030F. The India Orthopedic Devices Market is being driven by several factors. The most prominent ones include an increase in the elderly population, who are more prone to orthopedic conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Moreover, the rise in sports injuries and road accidents are also contributing to the demand for orthopedic devices. Advances in technology and the introduction of innovative implants and prosthetics have further propelled the market growth. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases have led to an upward trend in orthopedic surgeries, thereby fueling the market demand for these devices.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
4. Business Plan
1. A document your investors make you write that
they don’t read
2. A useful place for you to collect your guesses
about your business
• Size of Opportunity
• Customers
• Channel
• Demand Creation
• Revenue/Expenses/Profit
3. The template to look like everyone else when
you do present to VC’s
Steve Blank
5. Product Introduction Model
Concept/ Product Alpha/Beta Launch/
Seed Round Dev. Test 1st Ship
The Leading Cause of Startup Death
6. Product Introduction Model:
Two Implicit Assumptions
Customer Problem : known
Concept/ Product Alpha/Beta Launch/
Seed Round Dev. Test 1st Ship
Product Features : known
7. What Is a Business Model?
It describes the rationale of how an organization
creates, delivers and captures value
A diagram that shows all the flows between your
company and its customers
All on a single sheet of paper
* Alex Osterwalder
8. What’s A Startup?
Search Execute
Scalable Large
Startup Company
A Startup is a temporary organization used to search
for a repeatable and scalable business model
Steve Blank
9. Startups Model, Companies Plan
The Search for the Business Model The Execution of the Business Model
Scalable Large
Transition
Startup Company
- Business Model
- describes “unknowns”
- customer needs
- feature set
- business model
- found by iteration
10. Startups Model, Companies Plan
The Execution of the Business Model
Scalable Large
Transition
Startup Company
Business Plan
- describes “knowns”
- features
- customers/markets
- business model
11. No Business Plan survives first
contact with customers
So Search for a Business Model
Steve Blank
12. The Business Model:
Any company can be described in
9 building blocks
Customers – Offer – Infrastructure - Financial Viability
Alexander Osterwalder
13. CUSTOMER SEGMENTS
which customers and users are you serving?
which jobs do they really want to get done?
14. VALUE PROPOSITIONS
what are you offering them? what is that
getting done for them? do they care?
15. CHANNELS
how does each customer segment want to be reached?
through which interaction points?
21. COST STRUCTURE
what is the resulting cost structure?
which key elements drive your costs?
22. key activities value customer
proposition relationships
key customer
partners segments
cost revenue
structure key streams
resources channels
22
images by JAM
23. Turning Hypotheses to Facts
Test Test
Hypotheses: Hypotheses:
• Product • Problem
• Market Type • Customer
• Competition • User
• Payer
Test Hypotheses:
• Pricing Model / Pricing