Taiwan has approximately 180,000 researchers who published 131,000 papers between 2009 and 2013. However, Taiwan lacks a cohesive national strategy for open access and much of the activity is distributed and uncoordinated. The main government funding agency also has no open access policy. There are 31 open access journals in Taiwan that mostly use CC BY-NC-ND licenses. Two examples of open access developments include collective negotiations with Elsevier over access to ScienceDirect and an open access journal called "Zoological Studies" published by Academia Sinica.