Bitcoin is a decentralized electronic cash system using peer-to-peer networking to enable payments between parties without relying on mutual trust. It was first described in a paper by Satoshi Nakamoto (widely presumed to be a pseudonym) in 2008. Payments are made in bitcoins (BTC's), which are digital coins issued and transferred by the Bitcoin network.
The document provides an overview of Bitcoin, including its history, key concepts, and technical aspects. It discusses how Bitcoin works as a decentralized digital currency using blockchain technology. Some key points covered include how Bitcoin is sent through peer-to-peer transactions, the role of miners in verifying transactions and creating new blocks, and how wallets are used to store public/private keys and interact with the Bitcoin network.
The document provides an introduction to Bitcoin, explaining what it is and how it works. Some key points:
- Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency that uses cryptography to secure transactions. It is not tied to any central authority.
- Transactions are recorded on a public ledger called the blockchain. Bitcoin ownership is determined by private keys, not identities.
- New bitcoins are created through mining, where computers validate transactions by solving complex math problems. Miners are rewarded with new bitcoins.
- Over time, the supply of new bitcoins will approach 21 million as rewards for mining decrease and eventually end. Transaction fees will incentivize mining.
- Bitcoin can be exchanged for goods and services, though its legal status
This document summarizes key aspects of initial coin offerings (ICOs) and blockchain technology. It discusses past failures and successes of digital currencies like E-gold and Bitcoin. It then explains that blockchains provide trust through cryptography, immutability, and distribution. Smart contracts enable automated transactions through secured ledgers. ICOs allow startups to raise funds by selling tokens to investors. Security and risks are important considerations for running a successful ICO. Tokenization could expand the use of blockchains to represent real-world assets.
The document discusses the history and applications of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. It provides statistics on search interest in Bitcoin and the number of cryptocurrencies. Blockchain allows for decentralized, secure transaction records maintained on distributed ledgers without intermediaries. Potential applications include financial settlement, digital art ownership, and supply chain management. It also discusses industry consortiums working on blockchain standards and predictions that blockchain will disrupt banking by 2035.
Upvest's view on the state of asset tokenization in Germany/Europe. It is a high-level overview for a broader audience, summarizing our learnings of two years in the asset tokenization industry.
Check out more info on: https://upvest.co
Bitcoin is a decentralized electronic cash system using peer-to-peer networking to enable payments between parties without relying on mutual trust. It was first described in a paper by Satoshi Nakamoto (widely presumed to be a pseudonym) in 2008. Payments are made in bitcoins (BTC's), which are digital coins issued and transferred by the Bitcoin network.
The document provides an overview of Bitcoin, including its history, key concepts, and technical aspects. It discusses how Bitcoin works as a decentralized digital currency using blockchain technology. Some key points covered include how Bitcoin is sent through peer-to-peer transactions, the role of miners in verifying transactions and creating new blocks, and how wallets are used to store public/private keys and interact with the Bitcoin network.
The document provides an introduction to Bitcoin, explaining what it is and how it works. Some key points:
- Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency that uses cryptography to secure transactions. It is not tied to any central authority.
- Transactions are recorded on a public ledger called the blockchain. Bitcoin ownership is determined by private keys, not identities.
- New bitcoins are created through mining, where computers validate transactions by solving complex math problems. Miners are rewarded with new bitcoins.
- Over time, the supply of new bitcoins will approach 21 million as rewards for mining decrease and eventually end. Transaction fees will incentivize mining.
- Bitcoin can be exchanged for goods and services, though its legal status
This document summarizes key aspects of initial coin offerings (ICOs) and blockchain technology. It discusses past failures and successes of digital currencies like E-gold and Bitcoin. It then explains that blockchains provide trust through cryptography, immutability, and distribution. Smart contracts enable automated transactions through secured ledgers. ICOs allow startups to raise funds by selling tokens to investors. Security and risks are important considerations for running a successful ICO. Tokenization could expand the use of blockchains to represent real-world assets.
The document discusses the history and applications of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. It provides statistics on search interest in Bitcoin and the number of cryptocurrencies. Blockchain allows for decentralized, secure transaction records maintained on distributed ledgers without intermediaries. Potential applications include financial settlement, digital art ownership, and supply chain management. It also discusses industry consortiums working on blockchain standards and predictions that blockchain will disrupt banking by 2035.
Upvest's view on the state of asset tokenization in Germany/Europe. It is a high-level overview for a broader audience, summarizing our learnings of two years in the asset tokenization industry.
Check out more info on: https://upvest.co
These slides were presented at Darefest 2016 in Antwerp. The presentation explains the evolution of cryptocurrency and the next steps towards full decentralisation.
For more info or to book your own session, visit www.bite.be
Overview and clarification of blockchain on following respects: what blockchain is, when it appeared, how it works, who designed/develops it, what it can achieve?
Author : Dr Christian Cachin, IBM
The document discusses tokenizing real estate assets using security tokens. It outlines the benefits of tokenization such as increased liquidity, fractional ownership, and portfolio diversification. It then provides an overview of the key components of setting up a real estate security token offering, including deal structuring, technology selection, the token creation process, and ongoing governance.
Blockchain technology has the potential to build trust in IoT systems by providing identity and reputation for participants, controlling access to information, and enabling efficient actions even when connectivity is intermittent. However, challenges include the need for reversibility of actions and accommodating privacy regulations, as immutability is a core blockchain principle. Overall, blockchain characteristics could help address security and data sharing issues in increasingly complex IoT ecosystems.
Advantages,disadvantages,applications and economic aspects of bitcoinTabish Ansar
The document discusses the advantages and risks of using bitcoin. It outlines several advantages such as bitcoin being difficult to block, cheaper than wire transfers, and providing merchants protection from chargebacks. However, it also discusses several risks like bitcoin's volatile price, non-anonymous transactions, and lack of buyer protection for irreversible payments. The document also examines applications of bitcoin for online sales, donations, international remittances, and as a potential long-term store of value. It analyzes the economic aspects of bitcoin including how its value and supply are determined through mining new coins and market demand. In conclusion, it suggests bitcoin may have a positive future if its network of users, merchants and developers continues to grow.
This course covers in detail the technical principles & concepts behind blockchain. In addition, it seeks to provide you with the insights and deep understanding of the various components of blockchain technology, and enables you to determine for yourself how to best leverage and exploit blockchain for your project, organisation or start-up.
Link - https://www.experfy.com/training/courses/blockchain-technology-fundamentals
Welcome to our channel,
A cryptocurrency (or cryptocurrency) is a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses strong cryptography to secure financial transactions,
control the creation of additional units, and verify the transfer of assets. Cryptocurrencies use decentralized control as opposed to centralized digital currency and central banking systems. This channel was created to share news and opportunities related to crypto space.
Check our website: https://www.everythingcrypto.club/
Join our private channel group: http://bit.ly/2YoWzFr
Follow us on social media :
Youtube : https://bit.ly/3bkoeiE
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingincrypto
Telegram : https://t.me/everythingincrypto
vkontakte : https://vk.com/public184024328
Twitter : https://twitter.com/everythingcryp5
Medium : https://medium.com/everythingincrypto
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/everythingcrypto
what's cryptocurrency all about?
What's cryptocurrency?
What does cryptocurrency mean?
What does crypto mean?
#everythingcrypto #whatscryptocurrency #cryptocurrency #bitcoin #crypto #ethereum #freecrypto #freebitcoin #earnfreetoken #earnfreebitcoin
Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger platform that provides open and transparent transaction information with integrity and non-repudiation based on modern cryptography. It is also the technology behind many cryptocurrencies. This presentation will give fundamental knowledge on how blockchain works, its cryptography implementation, cryptocurrency definition and related terms and also blockchain use cases.
8 Decimal Capital is a blockchain investment firm with $60 million AUM that focuses on security token projects. The presentation discusses why security tokens are focusing on asset-backed tokens, tokenized VC funds, share-like tokens, and crypto-bonds. It also outlines 8 Decimal Capital's investment criteria and provides an example of a potential security token issuance for a tourism company. The presentation concludes with contact information for 8 Decimal Capital.
An Investor's Guide to Web3 / Crypto / BlockchainBernard Leong
Bernard Leong provided a masterclass on investing in web3. He discussed his own journey in crypto from 2008 to present. He covered the basics of blockchain, different layers and applications. Leong outlined tools for due diligence like Etherscan and Nansen AI. He explained financing models for web3 startups and factors to consider like tokenomics, go-to-market strategies, and regulatory risks. Finally, Leong proposed a model for a $1M web3 angel fund focusing on DeFi, gaming, and SaaS with a mix of angel investing and trading strategies.
Introduction to Ethereum Blockchain & Smart ContractThanh Nguyen
The Harvard Business Review (HBR) thinks that Blockchain Technology has to power to keep data safe for consumers and businesses alike; because Blockchain provides a secure and immutable ledger, HBR says it represents the key to taking back privacy of data.
“You can keep certified copies of identity documents, biometric test results, health data, or academic and training certificates online, available at all times, yet safe unless you give away your key. At a whole system level, the database is very secure.”
This document provides an overview of blockchain technology. It begins with definitions of blockchain and descriptions of how blockchain works and is structured. It then discusses two types of blockchain - mining-based blockchains, which use proof-of-work protocols, and smart contract-based blockchains. The document concludes with examples of how blockchain can be applied in various industries such as healthcare, pharma, education, agriculture, energy, real estate, voting systems, automotive, travel, and the emerging metaverse.
Asset Tokenization as an Industry Game ChangerJongseung Kim
This document discusses asset tokenization and its potential as an industry game changer. It provides examples of several blockchain startups that are tokenizing different types of real-world assets like real estate, utilities, commodities, and traditional financial assets. The benefits of asset tokenization include increased liquidity, fractional ownership models, risk diversification, and reduced costs. However, there are also challenges around ensuring trusted issuers, addressing the current regulatory vacuum, establishing legal enforceability of property rights via tokens, and developing solutions for issues like digital identity, asset valuations, and technology limitations. Overall, asset tokenization has significant growth opportunities if the remaining technical and legal questions can be resolved.
Bitcoin is a digital currency introduced in 2009 that allows for peer-to-peer transactions without an intermediary. It uses a decentralized network of users running software to validate transactions through mining, where miners are awarded bitcoins for solving complex algorithms. Transactions are recorded on a public ledger called the blockchain. While bitcoin provides advantages like low fees and financial freedom, it also faces challenges of volatility, limited acceptance, and ongoing development. Security relies on cryptographic techniques to prevent corruption of the blockchain.
Bitcoins are a decentralized digital currency that works using blockchain technology. They were created in 2009 by an unknown person named Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoins are not regulated by any central authority and use cryptography and peer-to-peer networking to process transactions securely. Transactions are tracked on a public ledger called the blockchain. While bitcoins offer benefits like low fees and anonymity, they also pose security risks and are subject to volatility in their value.
Basic introduction in blockchain, smart contracts, permissioned ledgersKoen Vingerhoets
Presented during Blockchain Vlaanderen #7 on 20/04/2017, organised by Kunstmaan and Antwerp Management School.
The assignment: host a basic introduction into blockchain, share some insights on smart contracts and explain why financial institutions choose other ledgers than bitcoin.
Bitcoin is an open-source cryptocurrency created by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto. It is a decentralized digital currency that uses peer-to-peer technology to operate without a central authority. Transactions are verified through a proof-of-work system and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain. While bitcoin offers advantages like instant transactions and anonymity, it also faces challenges like volatility, scalability issues, and the risk of losing coins if private keys are lost. Overall, bitcoin remains a controversial new currency that some see as the future while others see risks in its use and acceptance.
This document discusses how blockchain technology can be used to tokenize real estate assets and overcome challenges in the real estate industry like fraud, high costs, and lack of liquidity. It outlines the process for onboarding property onto the blockchain to be fractionalized and traded as tokens. This allows for monetizing property management and creating new real estate investment opportunities through fractional ownership of assets. Regulatory approval and building an ecosystem of partners will be important to advance the adoption of this new model.
These slides were presented at Darefest 2016 in Antwerp. The presentation explains the evolution of cryptocurrency and the next steps towards full decentralisation.
For more info or to book your own session, visit www.bite.be
Overview and clarification of blockchain on following respects: what blockchain is, when it appeared, how it works, who designed/develops it, what it can achieve?
Author : Dr Christian Cachin, IBM
The document discusses tokenizing real estate assets using security tokens. It outlines the benefits of tokenization such as increased liquidity, fractional ownership, and portfolio diversification. It then provides an overview of the key components of setting up a real estate security token offering, including deal structuring, technology selection, the token creation process, and ongoing governance.
Blockchain technology has the potential to build trust in IoT systems by providing identity and reputation for participants, controlling access to information, and enabling efficient actions even when connectivity is intermittent. However, challenges include the need for reversibility of actions and accommodating privacy regulations, as immutability is a core blockchain principle. Overall, blockchain characteristics could help address security and data sharing issues in increasingly complex IoT ecosystems.
Advantages,disadvantages,applications and economic aspects of bitcoinTabish Ansar
The document discusses the advantages and risks of using bitcoin. It outlines several advantages such as bitcoin being difficult to block, cheaper than wire transfers, and providing merchants protection from chargebacks. However, it also discusses several risks like bitcoin's volatile price, non-anonymous transactions, and lack of buyer protection for irreversible payments. The document also examines applications of bitcoin for online sales, donations, international remittances, and as a potential long-term store of value. It analyzes the economic aspects of bitcoin including how its value and supply are determined through mining new coins and market demand. In conclusion, it suggests bitcoin may have a positive future if its network of users, merchants and developers continues to grow.
This course covers in detail the technical principles & concepts behind blockchain. In addition, it seeks to provide you with the insights and deep understanding of the various components of blockchain technology, and enables you to determine for yourself how to best leverage and exploit blockchain for your project, organisation or start-up.
Link - https://www.experfy.com/training/courses/blockchain-technology-fundamentals
Welcome to our channel,
A cryptocurrency (or cryptocurrency) is a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses strong cryptography to secure financial transactions,
control the creation of additional units, and verify the transfer of assets. Cryptocurrencies use decentralized control as opposed to centralized digital currency and central banking systems. This channel was created to share news and opportunities related to crypto space.
Check our website: https://www.everythingcrypto.club/
Join our private channel group: http://bit.ly/2YoWzFr
Follow us on social media :
Youtube : https://bit.ly/3bkoeiE
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingincrypto
Telegram : https://t.me/everythingincrypto
vkontakte : https://vk.com/public184024328
Twitter : https://twitter.com/everythingcryp5
Medium : https://medium.com/everythingincrypto
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/everythingcrypto
what's cryptocurrency all about?
What's cryptocurrency?
What does cryptocurrency mean?
What does crypto mean?
#everythingcrypto #whatscryptocurrency #cryptocurrency #bitcoin #crypto #ethereum #freecrypto #freebitcoin #earnfreetoken #earnfreebitcoin
Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger platform that provides open and transparent transaction information with integrity and non-repudiation based on modern cryptography. It is also the technology behind many cryptocurrencies. This presentation will give fundamental knowledge on how blockchain works, its cryptography implementation, cryptocurrency definition and related terms and also blockchain use cases.
8 Decimal Capital is a blockchain investment firm with $60 million AUM that focuses on security token projects. The presentation discusses why security tokens are focusing on asset-backed tokens, tokenized VC funds, share-like tokens, and crypto-bonds. It also outlines 8 Decimal Capital's investment criteria and provides an example of a potential security token issuance for a tourism company. The presentation concludes with contact information for 8 Decimal Capital.
An Investor's Guide to Web3 / Crypto / BlockchainBernard Leong
Bernard Leong provided a masterclass on investing in web3. He discussed his own journey in crypto from 2008 to present. He covered the basics of blockchain, different layers and applications. Leong outlined tools for due diligence like Etherscan and Nansen AI. He explained financing models for web3 startups and factors to consider like tokenomics, go-to-market strategies, and regulatory risks. Finally, Leong proposed a model for a $1M web3 angel fund focusing on DeFi, gaming, and SaaS with a mix of angel investing and trading strategies.
Introduction to Ethereum Blockchain & Smart ContractThanh Nguyen
The Harvard Business Review (HBR) thinks that Blockchain Technology has to power to keep data safe for consumers and businesses alike; because Blockchain provides a secure and immutable ledger, HBR says it represents the key to taking back privacy of data.
“You can keep certified copies of identity documents, biometric test results, health data, or academic and training certificates online, available at all times, yet safe unless you give away your key. At a whole system level, the database is very secure.”
This document provides an overview of blockchain technology. It begins with definitions of blockchain and descriptions of how blockchain works and is structured. It then discusses two types of blockchain - mining-based blockchains, which use proof-of-work protocols, and smart contract-based blockchains. The document concludes with examples of how blockchain can be applied in various industries such as healthcare, pharma, education, agriculture, energy, real estate, voting systems, automotive, travel, and the emerging metaverse.
Asset Tokenization as an Industry Game ChangerJongseung Kim
This document discusses asset tokenization and its potential as an industry game changer. It provides examples of several blockchain startups that are tokenizing different types of real-world assets like real estate, utilities, commodities, and traditional financial assets. The benefits of asset tokenization include increased liquidity, fractional ownership models, risk diversification, and reduced costs. However, there are also challenges around ensuring trusted issuers, addressing the current regulatory vacuum, establishing legal enforceability of property rights via tokens, and developing solutions for issues like digital identity, asset valuations, and technology limitations. Overall, asset tokenization has significant growth opportunities if the remaining technical and legal questions can be resolved.
Bitcoin is a digital currency introduced in 2009 that allows for peer-to-peer transactions without an intermediary. It uses a decentralized network of users running software to validate transactions through mining, where miners are awarded bitcoins for solving complex algorithms. Transactions are recorded on a public ledger called the blockchain. While bitcoin provides advantages like low fees and financial freedom, it also faces challenges of volatility, limited acceptance, and ongoing development. Security relies on cryptographic techniques to prevent corruption of the blockchain.
Bitcoins are a decentralized digital currency that works using blockchain technology. They were created in 2009 by an unknown person named Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoins are not regulated by any central authority and use cryptography and peer-to-peer networking to process transactions securely. Transactions are tracked on a public ledger called the blockchain. While bitcoins offer benefits like low fees and anonymity, they also pose security risks and are subject to volatility in their value.
Basic introduction in blockchain, smart contracts, permissioned ledgersKoen Vingerhoets
Presented during Blockchain Vlaanderen #7 on 20/04/2017, organised by Kunstmaan and Antwerp Management School.
The assignment: host a basic introduction into blockchain, share some insights on smart contracts and explain why financial institutions choose other ledgers than bitcoin.
Bitcoin is an open-source cryptocurrency created by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto. It is a decentralized digital currency that uses peer-to-peer technology to operate without a central authority. Transactions are verified through a proof-of-work system and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain. While bitcoin offers advantages like instant transactions and anonymity, it also faces challenges like volatility, scalability issues, and the risk of losing coins if private keys are lost. Overall, bitcoin remains a controversial new currency that some see as the future while others see risks in its use and acceptance.
This document discusses how blockchain technology can be used to tokenize real estate assets and overcome challenges in the real estate industry like fraud, high costs, and lack of liquidity. It outlines the process for onboarding property onto the blockchain to be fractionalized and traded as tokens. This allows for monetizing property management and creating new real estate investment opportunities through fractional ownership of assets. Regulatory approval and building an ecosystem of partners will be important to advance the adoption of this new model.
The document discusses Google's engineering culture and infrastructure. It provides an overview of Google's practices around code review, team programming using tools like Gerrit, and the engineering pipeline. It also shares personal stories from software engineers and principles for balancing process with creativity.
Simple practices in performance monitoring and evaluationSchubert Zhang
This document discusses concepts and approaches for performance monitoring and evaluation. It defines key metrics like throughput, latency, concurrency and provides examples for measuring API and system performance. Specific metrics are outlined for services like call centers. Benchmarking quality of services and setting performance SLAs are also covered. The document provides code examples for implementing metrics collection and visualization using tools like JMX, Ganglia and Zabbix. It demonstrates measuring performance for a demo web application.
The document contains career advice articles on various topics:
1) Engineers should provide feedback and work with product owners, not just implement orders.
2) People should self-promote good work to get noticed and advance their careers.
3) Technical skills are important but interacting well with others is key to career progression.
4) Minor work issues should not be overblown and one should maintain perspective outside of work.
HiveServer2 was reconstructed and reimplemented to address limitations in the original HiveServer1 such as lack of concurrency, incomplete security implementations, and instability. HiveServer2 uses a multithreaded architecture where each client connection creates a new execution context including a session and operations. This allows HiveServer2 to associate a Hive execution context like the session and Driver with the thread serving each client request. The new Thrift interface in HiveServer2 also enables better support for common database features around authentication, authorization, and auditing compared to the original Thrift API in HiveServer1.
Horizon is a distributed SQL database that allows users to query and analyze big data stored in HBase using a familiar SQL interface. It uses the H2 database engine and customizes HBase's data model to provide features like indexing, partitioning, and SQL support. Horizon aims to make big data more accessible while maintaining HBase's scalability. It will integrate with Hadoop ecosystems and provide high performance data loading, scanning, and analysis tools. Horizon's architecture distributes the SQL engine across servers and uses HBase as the distributed storage layer.
This document provides an introduction and overview of HBase coprocessors. It discusses the motivations for using coprocessors such as performing distributed and parallel computations directly on data stored in HBase without data movement. It describes the architecture of coprocessors and compares the HBase coprocessor model to Google's Bigtable coprocessor model. It also provides details on the different types of coprocessors (observers and endpoints), how they are implemented and used, and provides examples code for both.
- The document discusses the vision for a new big data database (BigDataBase) with high scalability and the ability to store and analyze petabytes of data in real-time.
- An initial trial using HBase as the storage engine for a customized SQL interface showed potential but had limitations in features, models, and performance.
- The document proposes wrapping HBase in a middleware to add it as a pluggable storage engine to MySQL/PostgreSQL, enabling SQL queries over HBase's distributed data storage.
- It also considers designing a new SQL server from scratch that interfaces with HBase through the middleware, implementing additional database features like indexing, ACID compliance, and partitioning for big data work
The document discusses fans of Running Gump and their love for his running. It notes Google is good at run and Running Gump is stylish and wonderful when running. His runs are plentiful and he has become idolized and mythicized, gaining many followers and fans. While his new ideas are anticipated, the reasons for and methods behind his success are less known. Ultimately, his popularity may stem from love and keeping his feet on the ground.
The document provides an evaluation report of DaStor, a Cassandra-based data storage and query system. It summarizes the testbed hardware configuration including 9 nodes with 112 cores and 144GB RAM. It also describes the DaStor configuration, data schema for call detail records (CDR), storage architecture with indexing scheme, and benchmark results showing a throughput of around 80,000 write operations per second for the cluster.
This document discusses big data and cloud computing. It introduces cloud storage and computing models. It then discusses how big data requires distributed systems that can scale out across many commodity machines to handle large volumes and varieties of data with high velocity. The document outlines some famous cloud products and their technologies. Finally, it provides an overview of the company's focus on enterprise big data management leveraging cloud technologies, and lists some of its cloud products and services including data storage, object storage, MapReduce and compute cloud services.
This document provides an overview of Google's Megastore database system. It discusses three key aspects: the data model and schema language for structuring data, transactions for maintaining consistency, and replication across datacenters for high availability. The data model takes a relational approach and uses the concept of entity groups to partition data at a fine-grained level for scalability. Transactions provide ACID semantics within entity groups. Replication uses Paxos consensus for strong consistency across datacenters.
Hanborq optimizations on hadoop map reduce 20120221aSchubert Zhang
Hanborq has developed optimizations to improve the performance of Hadoop MapReduce in three key areas:
1. The runtime environment uses a worker pool and improved scheduling to reduce job completion times from tens of seconds to near real-time.
2. The processing engine utilizes techniques like sendfile for zero-copy data transfer and Netty batch fetching to reduce network overhead and CPU usage during shuffling.
3. Sort avoidance algorithms are implemented to minimize expensive sorting operations through techniques such as early reduce and hash aggregation.
49. 数据的载体
• All over the common under-layer storage and IO system:
• Hardware, Disk, Network …
• Trade-Off on Disk
• 顺序读写 (High byte throughput, High IO bandwidth overhead)
• 随机读写 (Low byte throughput and long latency)