رفعه معلم الموهوبين أ. محمد رجب

1. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٥٧
:
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺩ‬
،‫ﻭﺒﻌﺩ‬ ،
‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺅﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ،‫ﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﻋﻭ‬‫ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ،‫ﻫﺩﺍﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺒﺭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺴﺘﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺎﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺭﻴﻊ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﺤﺘ‬ ‫ﺞ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻜﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﺝ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺭ‬
*،‫ﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺘﺎﺫ‬‫ﻗﺴﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﻭل‬‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺁل‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺕ‬.
‫ﻭﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻭﺹ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻹﺨﺭﺍﺠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻨﺴﺠﺎﻤﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﺜﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﻁﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬:‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻨﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺴﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻨﺴﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻭﺹ‬.‫ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺼﻭﺹ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺭ‬.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬:‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻏﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻭﺍﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﺯل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ‬.
‫ﺒﺈﺨﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ُﺘﻲ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬
‫ﻫﺯﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻨﺎﺯل‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺨل‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻜﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﻴﻥ؛‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺤﺩ‬.
-- 
*
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬:٢٨/٩/٢٠٠٦‫ﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬:٢٨/٢/٢٠٠٧‫ﻡ‬
 
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻀﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻔﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻤﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺼﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻡ‬ ،‫ﺤﻀﺎﺭﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ‬.
‫ﺫﺍﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﻗﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺜﺎﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻴﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬–‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬.
‫ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬.
‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ،‫ﻤﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬:‫ﻤﻔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻬﻭﻡ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤل‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺼل‬.
Abstract
Taking care of those who are talented is an important subject in Educational Science because it
relates to a group who have important roles in developing the personality of the Nations and its
civilizations.
The tradition of the Prophet focused on how to take care of those who are talented and to use there
abilities and energies to develop themselves and to serve their Ummah and Faith. One of these people is
Ibn Abas as people called him 'The Interpreter of the Quran' and ' The Scholar of the Ummah'.
The Prophet (pbuh) played an important role in discovering his talent and developed it.
I have divided my subjects into introduction and three sections. In the first section, I spoke about the
concept of talent and the qualities of those who are talented. In the second section, the caring of the
Prophet to Ibn Abas. In the third section, the descriptions and the effects of the talent of Ibn Abas.
I conclude that the Prophet gave great attention to those who are talented.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

2. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٥٨
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎل‬ ‫ﺴﻬل‬ ،‫ﻋﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻁﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬‫ﺴﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬.
‫ﻤﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬"‫ﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬"‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬"‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬"‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬–‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬–‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻜﻴﺩ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺠ‬
‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻟﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺼﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬.‫ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺫ‬‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﻔﻘﺕ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﻭﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻭﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬-‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬-)‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬(-.
‫ﻭﺨﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭﺒ‬‫ﺌﺼﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻭﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬.
:
‫ﻴﺸﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﻭﺓ‬
)‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬(‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺎﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻨﺴﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺎﺅل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻲ؟‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬!
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺎﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻵﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬!
:
‫ﺃ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ‬:
١-‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬)‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬(‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺼ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬‫ﻠﺤﻪ‬.
٢-‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺴﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻭﺍﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﺯل‬.
‫ﺏ‬(‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ‬:‫ﺒﻔﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻤﻭﺍﻫﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬.
:
‫ﺩﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻑ‬‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻓﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺴﺘﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻌﻨﻭﺍﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬" :‫ﻅل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬"‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻡ‬
‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻁﺒﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺭﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬١٤٢٥‫ﻫ‬/
٢٠٠٤‫ﻡ‬.
‫ﻋﻨﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬
"‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻁﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬"‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺒﻊ‬.
‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺍﺌل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻭﻋﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﺽ‬‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻴﺜﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬.
:
‫ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺤﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻁﺎﻟﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺯﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬‫ﻬﻤﺎ‬.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

3. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٥٩
:
 
:. 
‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬:،‫ﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬:‫ﻤﻭﺍﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺒﺔ‬)١(
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﻫﺏ‬ ،
‫ﻋﻭﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﻼ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻁﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻫﺒ‬)٢(
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻨﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺎﺀ‬ ،
‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻟﻭﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭل‬–‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬–" :‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻭﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺯﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻠﻎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺸﻜﺭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﺭﻩ‬")٣(
،‫ﺍﻟﻭﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ،‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻭﺍﻫﺏ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬" :‫ﻟﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻁﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻨﺤﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺭﺍﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺀ‬")٤(
.‫ﺍﻤﺘﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬:‫ﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬.
‫ﻭﻭﺭﺩ‬‫ﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)‫ﻋﺒﻘﺭﻱ‬(
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺅﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺁﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﻭﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬-‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬-‫ﻨﺯﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬ ،‫ﺒﺌﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺯﻋﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬" :‫ﻓﺭﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺒﻘﺭﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻡ‬")٥(
،
‫ﻗﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺍﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻓﻅ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻘل‬‫ﻟﻪ‬" :‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻘﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎل‬"‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺒﻘﺭ‬ ،
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺸﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺴﺞ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺌﻕ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)٦(
.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺩﺍﺨل‬)Giftedness(‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﻌﺒﻘﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻔﻭﻕ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻻﺒﺘﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬
‫ﻴﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺼل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺼل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬)٧(
.
‫ﺘﻴﺭﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌﺩ‬)١٩٢٥‫ﻡ‬(‫ﻤﺼﻁﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭل‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻬﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺭﺍﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻫﻭﻟﻨﺠﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬‫ﺭﺕ‬)١٩٣١‫ﻡ‬(‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،
‫ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﻋﺭﻓﺕ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺩل‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬)٨(
.
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻻﺨ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌﻭﺩ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻀﺤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻓ‬‫ﺍﻻﺘﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻼﻓﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻁﻠﻘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺒﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩﻭﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻜﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﻌﺽ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺫﻜﺎﺀ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻜﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ،
‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬)٩(
.
‫ﺭﻴﻨﺯﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺯﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌﺩ‬)١٩٧٨‫ﻡ‬(‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺘﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬
‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬:،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﺒﺭﺓ‬)١٠(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬:"‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺅﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬")١١(
.
‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺭﺍﻨﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻭل‬ ‫ﻗﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬" :‫ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻭﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬")١٢(
.
: 
‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬،‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻫﺎﺌ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺭﺼﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬-
‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬‫ﻴﺔ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬)١٣(
.
١(‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬:
‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻅﻬﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺩل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺩل‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

4. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٠
‫ﻋﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺼل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻁﻔل‬
‫ﻴﺼل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻗﺭﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬.
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﺼﻑ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ‬)١٤(
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،
‫ﺍﺒﺘﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺩﻴﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﺩﻻل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺭﻴﺔ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺭﻓﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺠﺎﻨﺏ‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻤﺘﻠﻙ‬ ،‫ﻤﺄﻟﻭﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻜﺘﺸﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬)١٥(
.
٢(‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﺎﺭﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻗﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﺩﻴﻴﻥ‬)١٦(
.‫ﻴﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻗﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻌﺩل‬-‫ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻔﺔ‬-‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺩل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﻴﻥ‬)١٧(
‫ﻭﻴﺘﻤﺘﻌﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘل‬ ،
‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬)١٨(
.‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬
‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻁﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻀﻌﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻤﻴﺯﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺎﺤﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺩﻟﻴ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬)١٩(
.
٣(‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬:
‫ﺨﺼ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ‬‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﺌﺹ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬:،‫ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻪ‬ ،‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺸﺩﻴﺩ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺩﻴﻪ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬)٢٠(
.
٤(‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬:
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﺨﻴﺹ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬
‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬:
‫ﺃ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬.
‫ﺏ‬-‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ‬.
‫ﺝ‬-‫ﻭﺍﻹﺤﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺹ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﺹ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ‬‫ﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ‬.
‫ﺩ‬-‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﻔﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺘﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﻁﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺫﻜﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻨﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬
‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻙ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺱ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺭﻭﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻫ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻁﻔ‬‫ﻴﻤﻴﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺘﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬)٢١(
.
:
 
:
 
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺽ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻻﺌل‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﺘﻔﻭﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻹﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﻭﺒﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬
‫ﻴﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻪ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺅﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﻤل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﺴﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺼﺎﻏﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻜﺎﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬‫ﺩﺭﺍﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻭﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ‬‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬)٢٢(
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻭﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻴﻥ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺩل‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬)٢٣(
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺄﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻴﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻘ‬ ،‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩ‬‫ﺎل‬:‫ﻤﺜﻠﻪ؟‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺨل‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﻓﺄﺩﺨﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻩ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻟﻴﺭﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻤﺌﺫ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻤﻌﻬﻡ‬:‫ﻤﺎ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

5. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦١
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬:ِ‫ﻪ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﺎﺀ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﹶﺍ‬‫ﺫ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
‫ﺢ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬]١:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬[‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺴﺘﻐﻔﺭﻩ‬‫ﻴﻘل‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻜﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻨﺼﺭﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸﻴﺌ‬:‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ؟‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺫﺍﻙ‬:،‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭل؟‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﺠل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺢ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﺎﺀ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﹶﺍ‬‫ﺫ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬]١:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬[‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،
‫ﺃﺠﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻤﺔ‬.ِ‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻩ‬‫ﺭ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻙ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺭ‬ ِ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﺒ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬]٣:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬[‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﺘﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬."
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﺕ‬‫ﻴﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺎﺒﺭ‬)‫ﺒﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻴﺎﺥ‬(‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﺩﺨﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺘﺠﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،
‫ﺃﺠﺎﺒﻬﻡ‬ ،‫ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺌﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬)‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬(‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻭﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ،
‫ﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﻟﻴل‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺜﺒﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻜﺕ‬ ‫ﻅﺎﻫﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺩﻨﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺒﻁﻪ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﺌﻌ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﺴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﺃﺠل‬‫ﺒﻲ‬،‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻴﻘﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻭﺍ‬ ،
‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺼﺎﻏﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻜﺎﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬" :‫ﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻜﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﺅﻭل‬")٢٤(
.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺌل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬
‫ﻤﺴﻌﻭﺩ‬" :‫ﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻨﺎﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬"،"‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻨﻌﻡ‬")٢٥(
‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬ ،
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﺎﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺭﻜﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﻴﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻠﻐﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ،‫ﺃﺴﻨﺎﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺒﺭ‬.
:
 
‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺘﺸﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﻟﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻴﺴﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻔﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺨﻴﺼﻪ‬)٢٦(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻤﻌﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺘﻠﻜﻭﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻜﺭ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻨ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﻤﻭﺍﺠﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﺍﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ‬)٢٧(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﻟﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻜﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺴﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺒﺩ‬-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﻋﺎﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺎﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭﻴﻪ‬)٢٨(
.‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﺴﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻼﻤﺢ‬
‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:
١(‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬:
‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺨﺼﺒ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﻭﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬‫ﻰ‬
‫ﺘﺸﺨﻴﺹ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺒﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺴﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻅﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬)٢٩(
.
‫ﻤﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺤﻜﺎﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻤﻴﺯﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﺨﻴﺹ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﻴﻥ‬)٣٠(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻻﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻔﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ‬‫ﺒﻭﺍﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻴﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
‫ﺃ‬-‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬)٣١(
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬" :‫ﺃﺘﻴﺕ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﺁﺨ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺒﻴﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺨﺫ‬ ،‫ﺨﻠﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺭ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺤﺫﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺭﻨﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺨﻨﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺘﻪ‬‫ﺍﻨﺼﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،
‫ﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺨﻨﺱ؟‬ ‫ﺤﺫﺍﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﻌﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﺸﺄﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬:‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺫﺍﺀﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻁﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬!!‫ﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻋﺠﺒﺘﻪ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

6. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٢
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻬﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬."
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺒﺭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﻀﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺼﻐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﻭﺭﻩ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬
)‫ﺨﻨﺴﺕ‬(‫ﺍﺼﻁﻔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ،
‫ﻟﺭﺴﺎﻟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺼﻐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﺴﺘﻭﺤﺎﺸ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺨﻭﻓ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﺭﺍﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﺓ‬‫ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻋﺎ‬ ،‫ﺇﺠﺎﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺴﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘﻬ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺄﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬.
‫ﺒﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻪ‬‫ﻴﻘﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺼﻐﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺠﻭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺒﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻭﻋﺒﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﺏ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ‬)٣٢(
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬" :‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﻀﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﻀﻌﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺩﺨل‬" :‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ؟‬"ُ‫ﺄ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺨﺒﺭ‬" :‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬."
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻗﺔ‬ ،‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻭﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،
‫ﻫﺫﺍ؟‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬!‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻴﺒﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻟﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺼﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﺎﺩﺭﻩ‬ ،‫ﻨﺒﻭﻏﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺫﻩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺘﻲ‬.
٢(‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬:
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺹ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﻴﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻴﻀ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﺴﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺴﺭﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬)٣٣(
.
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺒﺘﻜﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻫﺏ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺤﻭﺹ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻅﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺘﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬)٣٤(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺩﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻅﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺼﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻅﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻗﺭﺍﺭ‬‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ،‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻥ‬-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﺩﺍﺓ‬)‫ﻤﺯﺩﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬" :(‫ﺃﻟﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻫﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻲ‬"‫ﺍﻟﺨﺫﻑ‬ ‫ﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺼﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻘﻁﺕ‬ ،)٣٥(
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،
‫ﻗل‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻌﻬﻥ‬" :‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻴﺎﻜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻤﺜﺎل‬ ،‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻥ‬")٣٦(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﻟﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺸﻬﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺭﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻟﻴل‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺒﻪ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺨﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺤﺠﻤ‬
‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﻷﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺒﻌﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺸ‬ ‫ﻏﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎل‬‫ﺩﺩ‬-‫ﻴﻁﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ‬-،‫ﺍﻟﻴﺴﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻭ‬ ،
‫ﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﺒﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻠﻭﻙ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺫﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺩﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬.،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺴﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬:
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

7. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٣
"‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻐﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﺎﻜﻡ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬"‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ،ً‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻤﻌﺘﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺴﻁﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ‬ ،
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻘﻬﻙ‬.
٣(‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ‬:(
‫ﻭﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺎﻗ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬)٣٧(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻤﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺍﻍ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻅﻬﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ‬.
‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬‫ﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻀﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻜﺎﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺴﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬
" :‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬")٣٨(
‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻠﻕ‬"‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ‬"‫ﺃﻭ‬"‫ﺍﻷﻗﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ‬")٣٩(
.
 :   
 
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻓﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﻔﺯ‬
‫ﻟﻭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬:ْ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﺍ‬]١:‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻕ‬[‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ ،:‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
‫ﺎﺀ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ ِ‫ﻩ‬ِ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﹶﻰ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻴ‬]٢٨:‫ﻓﺎﻁﺭ‬[‫ﻨﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻌل‬ ،
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺭﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬" :‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬")٤٠(
.
‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻯ‬.‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺌﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺩﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻁﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻬﺎ‬‫ﺸﻜل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬)٤١(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺜﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋل‬‫ﻅﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺇﺒﺩﺍﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﻫﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺒﺄﺴﺎﻟﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬
‫ﻤﻁﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﻟﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺴﺎﻟﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘﻤﺎﻤ‬
‫ﺘﻤﺎﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﻟﻴﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬.
‫ﺃ‬(‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬:
١-‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺹ‬ ‫ﺇﺘﺎﺤﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻌل‬
‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻯ‬ ،‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻋﻁﺎﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬.
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻘﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﻨﺏ‬‫ﺍﻷﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﺍﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺘﺭﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺒل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻜﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺩﻡ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻹﺒﺭﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺎﺌﻘ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬)٤٢(
.
‫ﻭﻗ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺩ‬-‫ﻗﺎل‬:
"‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﻴﺕ‬‫ﺒﻴﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺨﺫ‬ ،‫ﺨﻠﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺤﺫﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺭﻨﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺨﻨﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺘﻪ‬‫ﺍﻨﺼﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،
‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺨﻨﺱ؟‬ ‫ﺤﺫﺍﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﻌﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﺸﺄﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻴﺎ‬
،‫ﺤﺫﺍﺀﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﻭﺃﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻁﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬!!‫ﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻋﺠﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻬﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬."
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻨﺕ‬-‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻁﻠﻕ‬
‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻓﺄﻩ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺍﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ،‫ﺫﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺭ‬.
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬" :‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺨﻠﺕ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﺍﻟﻭﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬‫ﻤﻴﻤﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺘﻨﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﺎ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

8. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٤
‫ﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺸﻤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻴﻨﻪ‬:‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﺜﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺸﺌﺕ‬" :‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﺅﺭﻙ‬"...)٤٣(
.
‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻴﻤﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺄﺫﻥ‬
‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻟﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ‬‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻨ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺩل‬ ‫ﺇﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻨﺎﺯل‬‫ﺴﺅﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﺏ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺒل‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ﺠﻭﺍﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻨﻠﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺍﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻭﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺴﻠ‬‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻙ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻶﺩﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻑ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺇﺒﺩﺍﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺘﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻜﺭﻭﺒﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺜﺭ‬:"‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺘﺸﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺸل‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﺎﺸﺌ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺎﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺭﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬‫ﺇﺘﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬")٤٤(
.
٢-‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬:
‫ﻤﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻴﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻭ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻔﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻤﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻫﻤﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻭﻥ‬‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺭﻏﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺸﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ،‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺘل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺘﻴﺔ‬.‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬"‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ‬"‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻴﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬)‫ﺭﻨﻭﺯﻟﻲ‬()٤٥(
.
‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺩﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻋﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬" :‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻀﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺼﺩﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬" :‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬"‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ،":‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬")٤٦(
.‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬" :‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬"‫ﻭﻀ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﻌﻪ‬.
٣-‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺤل‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻠﻴﻔﻪ‬:
‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻁﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻠﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻀل‬)٤٧(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺤل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)٤٨(
،
‫ﺒﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺼﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ؟‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻴﻬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ؟‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻰ؟‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻡ‬‫ﺃﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺼل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ؟‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬" :‫ﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺫﻑ‬"‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻷﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬!!‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻤﺜﺎل‬ ،‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬...‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬."
٤-‫ﺍﻹﺜﺭﺍﺀ‬)Enrichment:(
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺩﻑ‬
‫ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺒﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻌﻤﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬)٤٩(
.
‫ﺍﻹﺜﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬:‫ﻟﻠﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻘﻕ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬-‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬-‫ﻗﻀﺎﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺴﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺎﻁﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺴﺘﻠﺯﻤﺎﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺅﺍل‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺎﻁﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺴﺎﺀل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﻼﻤ‬!!‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺒﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻩ‬
‫ﻴﺨﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﻠﻪ‬-‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﺨﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴﻭﻤ‬" :‫ﺇﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

9. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٥
‫ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻤﻙ‬:،‫ﺘﺠﺎﻫﻙ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﻔﻅ‬ ،‫ﻴﺤﻔﻅﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﻔﻅ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺴﺘﻌﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﺴﺄﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﺭﻭﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﺭﻭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻔﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻌﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬")٥٠(
.
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺭﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻩ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬) (Acceleration.(
‫ﻟﻸﻁﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻬﺩﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬‫ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻐﺭﻗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻗل‬)٥١(
.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺨﺎل‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺭﺍﺽ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬:
"‫ﻤﺜﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺨل‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬"...)٥٢(
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﻫﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺠﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬.
‫ﺏ‬(‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬‫ـ‬‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻁﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﻤﻠﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬)٥٣(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺨﺎﺼ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺭﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﺘﻨﻘﻼﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺭﺍﻓﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﺸﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺍﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺄﺫﻥ‬.
‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻕ‬ ‫ﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻠﻤﺢ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬:
١-‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻁﺔ‬‫ﺸﺭﺓ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺍﻓﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﺒﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓل‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫؟‬:‫ﻟﺼﻐﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺩﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬...
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬")٥٤(
.
‫ﺼﻐ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻏﻡ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﺼﻁ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺤﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻭﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ‬" :‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﻻ‬."
‫ﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﻓﻘﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻭﻟﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﺤﻀﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)٥٥(
.
٢-‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺘﻪ‬‫ﺘﻨﻘﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﻴﺭﺩﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬)٥٦(
.
٣-‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺕ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬‫ﺃﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺨﺒﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻤﻭﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬-‫ﺨﺎﻟﺘﻪ‬-‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻀﻁﺠﻌﺕ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻀﻁﺠﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻁﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬...‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬)٥٧(
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ‬ ،‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﻠﺏ‬" :‫ﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬"....)٥٨(
.
‫ﺝ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬:
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺘﻤﻜﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﺭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻌﺭﻫﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯﺍﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﻋﻴﻡ‬‫ﻁﻤﻭﺤﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬)٥٩(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬:
١-‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬:
‫ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬)‫ﺭﻴﻨﻭﺯﻟﻲ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻜﻭﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﺒﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻤﻲ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬"‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬" "‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬" "‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬."
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺠﺎﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬" :‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻬﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻋﺠﺒﺘﻪ‬")٦٠(
.
٢-‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬:
‫ﻴﻌﺩ‬"‫ﺍﻟﺫ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬‫ﺍﺕ‬"‫ﺃﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺎﺴ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

10. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٦
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺄﻜﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﺸﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻴﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺩﺜﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺌﺫﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺄﻤل‬ ،‫ﺫﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻭل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻴﺴﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻟﻴﺩ‬‫ﻋﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺍﺏ‬‫ﺎﺱ‬:
"‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺅﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬."
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻭﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺴﺌل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺸﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺩ؟‬" :‫ﺸﻬﺩﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬."...
٣-‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻁﻑ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺼﺩﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﻤﻪ‬" :‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻠﻬﻡ‬"‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺎﻁﺒﻪ‬" :‫ﻏﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬"‫ﻭﺴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﺃﺜﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺨﻼﺼﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﻁﻔﻭﻟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻤﻭﺍﻫﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻀﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻅﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬)٦١(
.
:
. 
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﻜﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﻨﺠﺎﺡ‬)٦٢(
‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺠﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬:
١-‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬:‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻭﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺯﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺭﺍﻩ‬ ،‫ﻤﻭﺍﻫﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻡ‬ ،‫ﻤﻴﻭﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻤﻨﺤﻪ‬ ،‫ﺩﺍﻓﻌﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﻤﻲ‬.
٢-‫ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺭ‬:‫ﻓﻤﻥ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻭﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﻤل‬ ،‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺒﺕ‬‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺄﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺭﻏﻡ‬ ،‫ﻗﺒﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻟﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬" :‫ﺒﺴﺅﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬"‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺒل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬.
٣-‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺤﺘﺭﺍﻡ‬:‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﻓﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺩل‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬" :‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺄﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬"،"‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻭﻴل‬"،"‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻓﻘﻬ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﺯﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬")٦٣(
.
٤-‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺄﻟﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺭﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬.
٥-‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﺓ‬:(‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﺍﺴﺘﺸﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺄﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻷﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒل‬
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬.
٦-‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻭﺓ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜل‬
‫ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﻭﺩﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﻠﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺔ‬‫ﻭﺘﺄﻤل‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬‫ﻴﺼﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺄﺴﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺸﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﻗﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺼﻔ‬)٦٤(
.
 :  
 
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯﺕ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬"‫ﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺭ‬"‫ﻭﻨﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻪ‬
،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻴل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﺼﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎﺅﻩ‬"‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬"،"‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬‫ﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬"،
"‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﺯﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬"...‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ،
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺴﻠﻭﻜ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻌل‬.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

11. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٧
‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻨﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺎﻟﺤﻬﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬" :‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬"‫ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،‫ﺇﻟﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﷲ‬.
‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬
،‫ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺼﻴل‬.
‫ﻴﻭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺭﺒﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﻅﺭ‬ ،‫ﻭﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻜﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻼﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻨﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩ؛‬ ‫ﻷﺴﻭﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻐﻼل‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺼل‬
‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺩﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻹﻓﺴﺎﺩ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ‬" :‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻭل‬"‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻐﻰ‬.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬
"‫ﺒﺎﻹﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ‬"،‫ﻫﺩﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺘﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﻟﻴﺏ‬
،‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬‫ﻭﺇﺜﺭﺍﺌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﺎ‬.
:
. 
:. 
‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ـ‬،‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﺃ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬:
١-‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺍﻗﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻨﻅﺭ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬" :‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻗﺒﺕ‬ ،‫ﻤﻴﻤﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺕ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﻲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،:‫ﻭﺠﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﻏﺴل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻜ‬‫ﺼﺏ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻨﺎﻗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻁﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻨﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻔﻴﻪ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﻀﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﺄ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻜﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻔﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻴﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻭﺀﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺤﺴﻨ‬...‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬)٦٥(
.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺼﻑ‬‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻔﺎﺼﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻀﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬.
‫ﻤﻼﺤ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺭﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻅﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﻔﺘﻴﻪ‬" :‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺸﻔﺘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺯﻴل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬."‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺭﻜﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺤﺭﻜﻬﻤﺎ‬...‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬")٦٦(
.
٢-‫ﺍﻟﺴﺅﺍل‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻁﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﺤﺏ‬:
‫ﻓﻀﻭﻟ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬:
"‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻤﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺕ‬:‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬‫ﻓﺄﻴﻘﻅﻴﻨﻲ‬"...‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬" :‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻤﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺩﺕ‬‫ﻋﻨﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻅﺭ‬‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻴل‬...‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬")٦٧(
.
‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻁﻠﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺭ‬
‫ﺘﻭﻗﻅﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻤﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻐﻠﺒﻪ‬")٦٨(
.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‬" :‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻜﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬")٦٩(
.‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻑ‬‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬" :‫ﺴﺅﻭل‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬."
٣-‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﻩ‬:
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﺤﻔﻅﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻭﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺼﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬")٧٠(
.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

12. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٨
٤-‫ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺒﺎﻫﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬
،‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻨﻅﺭ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﺒﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺒﻁﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻐﻔﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺠل‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻨﻭ‬ ،‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ،
‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬.
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﻅﺎﻫﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﺴﺭﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬.
٥-‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺭﻭﺝ‬:
‫ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺠﻠ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺌﺫﺍﻥ‬‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻟﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﺭﻴﺏ‬‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﻤﻁ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻨ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺤﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻨﺎﺯل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﺩ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺠﻭﺍﺒ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺠﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻁ‬" :‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺅﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬"‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻨﺎﺯل‬.
٦-‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬:
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻀﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬:‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻙ‬ ،‫ﻀل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻋﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻷﻤﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺴﻭﺍﻩ‬)٧١(
.
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻴﺭ‬-‫ﻁﺎﻟﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬-‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴل‬
‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺯﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺭﺝ‬-‫ﺤﺩﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬:‫ﺁﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻡ‬:‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻼ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﺨﻭﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬...‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬."‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﻅﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻴ‬ ،‫ﺸﺒﻬﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻗﺎﻤﺔ‬‫ﻪ‬"‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺠﻊ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺁﻻﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﻭﻥ‬")٧٢(
.
٧-‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻴﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺨﺭﺍﺵ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻥ‬" :‫ﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﺄل‬‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﻓﺄﺠﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬:‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺼﺩﻗﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬:‫ﻋﻨﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺘﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺩ‬:‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﻁ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺘﻪ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺴﺘﻌﺩ‬")٧٣(
.
٨-‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻼﻗﺔ‬:
‫ﻭﺍﺌل‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺨﻁﻴﺒ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺒﻨﺎ‬-‫ﻤﻭﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‬-‫ﻓﺠﻌﻠﺕ‬ ،‫ﻭﻴﻔﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻓﺘﺘﺢ‬
‫ﺃﻗﻭل‬:‫ﻭﻟﻭ‬ ،‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻌﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻷﺴﻠﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻌﺘﻪ‬)٧٤(
.
‫ﺏ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬:
١-‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﺓ‬:
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺜﺎﺒﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺫ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻭ‬:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬:‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻨﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫﻠ‬ ،‫ﻓﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻬﻡ‬.
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﺠﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﺎﺠﻭﻥ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺒﻠﻐﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻗﺒﻠﺕ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻯ؟‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﺍﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺘﻭﺴﺩ‬ ،‫ﻗﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺂﺘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺭﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺴﻔﻲ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﺒﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬-‫ﻲ‬‫ﺇﻟ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺴﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬ ‫ﺒﻙ؟‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﺂﺘﻴﻙ؟‬:‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺴﺄﻟﻪ‬ ،‫ﺁﺘﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻕ‬.
‫ﻗﺎل‬:،‫ﺭﺁﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﺵ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬ ،‫ﻟﻴﺴﺄﻟﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻘل‬)٧٥(
.
٢-‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬:
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻲ‬:
"‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺒﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻴﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻠﻪ؟‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺨل‬:‫ﻤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻡ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ‬" :‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺭﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻤﺌﺫ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻪ‬"‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻏﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺄﻤل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬"‫ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺭﻴﻬﻡ‬"‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬.
٣-‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻭل‬:
‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻠﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

13. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٦٩
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺠﻠﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺨﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﻭﺴﺔ‬"‫ﺒﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻴﺎﺥ‬"‫ﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺄﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺫﺍﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻗﻭﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻌﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﺴﺭﻫﺎ‬‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬" :‫ﻨﺠﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺠﺘﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬."
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺍﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬"‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻭﻴل‬"‫ﺒﻌﻅﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺫﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺄﻨﻨﻲ‬ ،
،‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻔﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻜﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬.
٤-‫ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻭﺡ‬:
‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻁﻤﻭﺤ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬" :‫ﺃﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﺠﺒﺎ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬."...‫ﺤﻘﻕ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬ ،‫ﻁﻤﻭﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻯ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﻥ‬" :‫ﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻘل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬."
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬" :‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬"‫ﻭ‬"‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬"‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﻘﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻜل‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻜﺔ‬.
‫ﺝ‬(‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬:
١-‫ﻭﺍﻹﻗﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬:
‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﻭﺍﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﻅﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻹﻗﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬:
‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺩﺜﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺭﺤﺒ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺩﺨﻠﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻨﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺜﻨﻪ‬:‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻘﻤﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺒﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬،‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺘﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﻤﻌﻪ‬:،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺜﻼﺜ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻨﻘﻡ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬:‫ﻫﻥ؟‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬!‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬:ِ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬ِ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻻ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ ِ‫ﻥ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬]٤٠:‫ﻴﻭﺴ‬‫ﻑ‬[،
‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎﺫﺍ؟‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬:‫ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺌﻥ‬ ،‫ﻴﻐﻨﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺘل‬
‫ﺤﺭﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻭﺍﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻜﻔﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺩﻤﺎﺅﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬:‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎﺫﺍ؟‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬:‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻴﺭ‬.‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺃﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬
‫ﻨﺒﻴﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺩﺜﺘﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﺭﺠﻌﻭﻥ؟‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻜﺭﻭﻥ‬:‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬.
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬:‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫َﻨ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺁ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ِﻴ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺤ‬]٩٥:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﺩﺓ‬[‫ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬:‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬ ٍ‫ل‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺫ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻴ‬
]٩٥:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﺩﺓ‬[‫ﻭﺯﻭﺠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ،:‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﹶ‬‫ﻘ‬ِ‫ﺸ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻬ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻫ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶﻤ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻭ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻫ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶﻤ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻬ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻕ‬‫ﺎ‬
]٣٥:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬[‫ﺩﻤﺎﺌﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺸﺩﻜﻡ‬ ،
‫ﺜﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻫﻡ؟‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻊ‬!‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬:‫ﻭﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻤﺎﺌﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻼﺡ‬.‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ؟‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﺕ‬‫ﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬:‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬.
‫ﻴﻐﻨﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺘل‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ‬-‫ﻤﻌﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬-‫ﺃﻤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﺴﺒﻭﻥ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺌﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬-‫ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻔﺭﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺤﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺤﻠﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺭﺠﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻔﺭﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﻋﻤﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬:‫ﹶﻰ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ِﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺯ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ِ‫ﻬ‬ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻔ‬‫َﻨ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ِﻴ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﺅ‬‫ﻤ‬]٦:‫ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ‬[،
،‫ﺸﺌﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺨﺘﺎﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻀﻼﻟﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺭﺩﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﺕ‬.‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬:‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬.
‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬-‫ﺒﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺭﻴﺸ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒ‬.‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻀﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺘﺏ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ،:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﻗﺎﺘﻠﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﺩﺩﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬:‫ﻜﺫﺒﺘﻤﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻟﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬.
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺴﻭل‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻜﺘﺏ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺃ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀل‬‫ﻫﺫﻩ؟‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺭﺠﺕ‬!‫ﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬:‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ‬.
‫ﺁﻻﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺠﻊ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻭﺍ‬")٧٦(
.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

14. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٧٠
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻨﻅﺭ‬!!
‫ﺸﺒﻬﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﺼﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬
‫ﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﺎﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺴﺎﺌ‬
‫ﺃﻗﻨ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬‫ﻌﻬﻡ‬.
٢-‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬:
‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺩﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺤﺎﻭﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺎﻟﺴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺩﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺭﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺼﺘ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻠﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨﻠﻪ‬‫ﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻠﺱ‬.
‫ﺘﻤﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺒل‬.
٣-‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻤل‬:
‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺼﻐﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺫ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻨﺎﻩ‬‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬" :‫ﻨﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫﻠ‬ ‫ﻓﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻬﻡ‬"..‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﻅﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻅﻡ‬
‫ﻁﺎﻟﺏ‬‫ﺒﺠﺩﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﺎﻅﺭﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺸﺩﺘ‬‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬" :‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺯﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﺘﻬﻡ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﺁﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﹼﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﻌ‬.‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺃﺘﺨﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‬.‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻼ‬....‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬."
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬‫ﻋﻴﺔ‬.
،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬:"،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺘﺎﺯﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺭﺍﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻔﻭﻥ‬
،‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺍﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺭﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺤﺼﻭﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻹﻨﺠﺎﺯ‬‫ﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻔﺘﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺩﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬"...)٧٧(
.
:
 
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺒﺄﻜﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬.
‫ﺃﻤ‬‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻅﻬﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬.
‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺴﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬" :‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬")٧٨(
.‫ﻤﺠﺎﻫﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﻋﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬")٧٩(
.
‫ﻁﺎﻭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺭﺠ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬")٨٠(
.
‫ﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬" :‫ﻟﻠﺸﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﻭﻗﺎﺌﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻷﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻨﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺒل‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬")٨١(
.
‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻘﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﻴﻘﺭﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺸﻴﺭﻩ‬" :‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺸﻴﺭ‬")٨٢(
.
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻥ‬" :‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺇﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻀﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻭﻷﻤﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻀل‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬
‫ﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺨﺫ‬‫ﺴﻭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻋﻭ‬ ‫ﻥ‬")٨٣(
.
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻭﻭﻻﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺸﻴﺭﻩ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺵ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺼﻔﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬)٨٤(
.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻨﺔ‬" :‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺠﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺠﻠﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬‫ﻓﺨﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﻴﺵ‬ ‫ﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻓﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

15. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٧١
‫ﻴﺠﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬‫ﻭﻴﺫﻫﺏ‬..")٨٥(
.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬" :‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬")٨٦(
.
‫ﺴﺎﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻷﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻌﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺘﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻴﺩ‬" :‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺌل‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺒﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺭﺃﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺒﺭ‬")٨٧(
.
‫ﻤﻬﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻭﺴﻑ‬ ‫ﺠﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻥ‬" :‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬‫ﻭﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬:
‫ﻭﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻌﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬")٨٨(
.
‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺫﺭ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ،‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬" :‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺯل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺘﺎﺒﻜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺄﻟﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﻴﺸﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺤﻀ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺭﺅﻭﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﺙ‬
‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﺜﻜﻡ‬‫ﻭﻜﺘﺒﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺜﻤﻨ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺸﺘﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻴﺩﻴﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﻤﺴﺄﻟﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻬﺎﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻗﻠﻴ‬
‫ﺃﻨﺯل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺄﻟﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺭﺠ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ‬")٨٩(
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-
‫ﻤﺅﺴﺱ‬"‫ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬"‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،
‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻀﻭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻅﺎﻫﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺭ‬.
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺩل‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬-‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬-‫ﺒﻌﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻴﺤﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻠﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬.
:
 
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﺍﻤل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﺭﻜﺕ‬
-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬:‫ﻟﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻨﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬
،‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺨﻠﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺨﺎﻟﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻟﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﷲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻔﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺴﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻁﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻠﻘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻁﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤل‬:،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﺩﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻤﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬" :‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻜﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺘﺠﺩﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬...‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬")٩٠(
.‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬‫ﻷﺒﻨﺎﺌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺠﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺤﺼﻴل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤل‬:‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻅﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻀل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺘﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺜﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤل‬:‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬
-‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬-:‫ﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺸﺄﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻅﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤل‬:‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬:
‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

16. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٧٢
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻘﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺒﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺅﺍل‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻁﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺏ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﺎ‬.
: 
‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺼل‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬:
١(‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻉ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺸﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻅﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺘﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺤل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻜﻠﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﻫﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻠﺒﻴ‬ ،‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺜﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬.
٢(‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬‫ﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﷲ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻭﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﷲ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ‬.
٣(‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺼﻔﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬‫ﻭﻗﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻁﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﻜﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺄﻟﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺭﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬.‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬.
٤(‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﺍﻤل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻫﻤﺕ‬‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺸﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬.
٥(‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻼﺤﻅ‬
‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺘﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻭﺍﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺨﺭ‬.
:
)١(‫ﻤﻜﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ،‫ﻤﻨﻅﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬)٧١١‫ﻫ‬(،،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻁ‬١‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،.
)٢(،‫ﻭﺁﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ‬‫ﻁ‬٢‫ﺩ‬ ،.،‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺹ‬١٠٢.
)٣(‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻠﻪ‬:‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬)٦٩١-٧٥١‫ﻫ‬(،
‫ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻟﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺩﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺭ‬١،٢٠٠٥‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬١٨.
)٤(‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ‬‫ﺹ‬ ،١١٠٢.
)٥(،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬‫ﻨﺯﻉ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺌﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬)٧٠١٩.(
)٦(‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻘﻼﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ،‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬)‫ﺕ‬٨٥٢‫ﻫ‬(،‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،
‫ﺩ‬.‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺕ‬١٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٤١٣.
)٧(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.‫ﺯﻴ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬،‫ﺸﻘﻴﺭ‬‫ﺭﻋﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭﻗﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺩﻋﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ،٣،
٢٠٠٢‫ﻡ‬.
)٨(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺨﻠﻴ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻭﺍﻟﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ل‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬،
‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬٢،٢٠٠٤‫ﻡ‬.
)٩(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻗﻴﻥ‬،‫ﺎﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻋ‬ ،‫ﺯﻫﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،٢٠٠٣‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬٤٥.
)١٠(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﻓﺭﺍﺵ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻴ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﻴﻨﺔ‬ ،،‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﻊ‬
،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬٢٠٠٦‫ﻡ‬.
)١١(‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻨﻘل‬.‫ﻭﺩ‬ ،‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬.‫ﺼﻔﺎﺀ‬
،‫ﻏﺎﺯﻱ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻭﻥ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺯﻫﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ،
،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬٢٠٠١‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬١٧.
)١٢(‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬.
)١٣(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻓﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺒﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ل‬‫ـ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻁ‬ ‫ﺸﻤﺱ‬ ،،‫ﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

17. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٧٣
،‫ﺠﺩﺓ‬٢٠٠٤‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬٢٩-٣٠.
)١٤(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻭﺍﻟﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﻁﺔ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬‫ﺹ‬
٥٧‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،.
)١٥(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺸﻘﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﻨﺏ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬،
‫ﺹ‬٤٥-٤٦‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،.
)١٦(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺒﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻅل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٣‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،.
)١٧(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻭﺍﻟﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﻁﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬،
‫ﺹ‬٥٥‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،.
)١٨(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺸﻘﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﻨﺏ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬‫ﺹ‬ ،٥٣،
‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬.
)١٩(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺹ‬ ،٥٨،
‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬.
)٢٠(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺸﻘﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﻨﺏ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬‫ﺹ‬٥٤
‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬.
)٢١(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺒﻲ‬‫ﺭﻋ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻅل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٧-٣٨‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،.
)٢٢(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬‫ﺝ‬ ،١١‫ﺹ‬ ،٩٠.
)٢٣(‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬‫ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ،:ِ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﻩ‬‫ﺭ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻙ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺭ‬....]٣:‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺭ‬[،‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬)٤٩٧٠.(
)٢٤(‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬،‫ﺝ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٥٣٩‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻤﺭﺴ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺯﻫﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬.
)٢٥(‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬‫ﻁ‬ ،١‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،:‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﻁﺎ‬١٩٩٠‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٧٩
‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬.
)٢٦(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻭﺍﻟﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﻁﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٢٠٤.
)٢٧(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬،
‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٥٩.
)٢٨(‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬)‫ﺕ‬٧٤٨‫ﻫ‬(‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،:،‫ﻭﺁﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻨﺎﺅﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﻴﺏ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬١٩٩٢‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬٣،
‫ﺹ‬٣٣٣.
)٢٩(،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻭﺍﻟﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﻁﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،
‫ﺹ‬٢١٣.
)٣٠(‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬‫ﻤﺼ‬ ،‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٦٥.
)٣١(‫ﺤﻨﺒل‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ،‫ﺤﻨﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬)‫ﺕ‬٢٤١‫ﻫ‬(،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻨﺩ‬‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،:
،‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺩﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﻥ‬١٩٩٨،‫ﻡ‬
‫ﺹ‬٢٧٢‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ،)٣٠٦١(‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ،.
)٣٢(،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻭﺀ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺀ‬)١٤٣.(
)٣٣(‫ﺴﺭﻭﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺴﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻴل‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺩﻴﺎ‬‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬،‫ﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻴﺒﻭﻨﻭ‬ ،‫ﺎﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻋ‬
،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬٢٠٠٦‫ﻡ‬.
)٣٤(‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٦٢-٦٣.
)٣٥(‫ﺍﻟﺨﺫﻑ‬:‫ﺴﺒﺎﺒﺘﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺨﺫﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﺤﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻤﻲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬)‫ﺕ‬
٥٤٤-٦٠٦‫ﻫـ‬(‫ﻏﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ،،‫ﻭﺍﻷﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬:‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺸﻴﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺄﻤﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﻴل‬١،
٢٠٠١‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬١‫ﺹ‬ ،٤٧٦.
)٣٦(‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬١٨٨‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،)١٨٥١(‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ،
‫ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬.
)٣٧(‫ﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴل‬ ،‫ﻓﺭﺍﺵ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬٢٤.
)٣٨(‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬٩.
)٣٩(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.‫ﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬.،‫ﻏﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻭﻥ‬١٢٥.‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴل‬ ،‫ﻓﺭﺍﺵ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٢٤.
)٤٠(‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬)٧١.(
)٤١(‫ﺩ‬.‫ﺴﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺩﻴﺎ‬،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ،
‫ﺹ‬٣٠١.
)٤٢(‫ﺩ‬.‫ﺸﻘﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﻨﺏ‬،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ،
‫ﺹ‬٥٧.
)٤٣(‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻁﻌﺎﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻜل‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻭﺍﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬
)٣٤٥٥(‫ﺝ‬ ،٥‫ﺹ‬ ،٤٧٢‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ،.‫ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬١٩٢‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،)٩٠٤(‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﺎﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﻀﻌﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﺴﻨﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﺭﺒﺔ‬.‫ﺃﻋﻁﻰ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

18. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٧٤
‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻴﻤﻥ‬)٣٤٢٦(‫ﺝ‬ ،٢‫ﺹ‬ ،١١٣٣‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ،
‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻫﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺭﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬.
)٤٤(‫ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ،‫ﻜﺭﻭﺒﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺜﺭ‬
‫ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ ،‫ﻤﻘﺒل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬
،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺭﻱ‬٢٠٠٢‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬١٦.
)٤٥(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺴﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺩﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺹ‬١٣٨.
)٤٦(،‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﺌل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬)٣٧٥٦.(
)٤٧(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬ ،‫ﺴﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺩﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٢٨٨.
)٤٨(‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬.
)٤٩(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٦٨.
)٥٠(‫ﺍﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬...‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬
)٢٥١٦(‫ﺝ‬٤‫ﺹ‬ ،٥٧٥.‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬ ،‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬٢٤٥‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،)٢٦٦٩.(
)٥١(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.‫ﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬.،‫ﻏﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻭﻥ‬١٩١.
)٥٢(‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬.
)٥٣(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻭﻕ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻭﺍﻟﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﻁﺔ‬
،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬‫ﺹ‬٦٢.
)٥٤(‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬٢٠١‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،)٢٠٦٢(‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ،.
)٥٥(‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬١١.
)٥٦(‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬١٤.
)٥٧(‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻭﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻭﺘﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬)٩٩٢.(
)٥٨(،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ،‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٤٨٢.
)٥٩(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻋﺒﻲ‬‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬٧٩.
)٦٠(‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬٩.
)٦١(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻅل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬١٧٧.
)٦٢(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺩ‬.‫ﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬.،‫ﻏﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻭﻥ‬١٦١.
)٦٣(‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻁﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺴﻑ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬
)٤٦٣‫ﻫ‬(‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴ‬ ،‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻌﺎﺏ‬:
‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ ،‫ﻤﺭﺸﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩل‬١،١٤٢٣‫ﻫـ‬/
٢٠٠٢‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻡ‬) :‫ﺼﺤﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺎﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬.(
)٦٤(‫ﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬.‫ﺴﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺩ‬.‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﻏﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺀ‬١٦٥-١٦٦.
‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬.
)٦٥(‫ﺼﻼ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ،‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺓ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬)٧٦٣.(
)٦٦(‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬...‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬)٥.(
)٦٧(،‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ،‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬)٧٦٣.(
)٦٨(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ،‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٤٨٢.
)٦٩(،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺝ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٤٤‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ،.
)٧٠(‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ،‫ﺤﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺁﻥ‬٩‫ﺹ‬ ،٨٤.
‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﺴﻨﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬.
)٧١(‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬)٥٥٥‫ﻫ‬/
٦٣٠‫ﻫ‬(‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺩ‬‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬:‫ﺨﻠﻴل‬
،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺸﻴﺤﺎ‬١٩٩٧‫ﻡ‬.
)٧٢(‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬:‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬)‫ﺕ‬٣٦٠‫ﻫ‬(‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ‬ ،
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬:،‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺝ‬١٠‫ﺹ‬ ،٣١٤‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬)١٠٥٩٨(،‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ،
‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬)٨٠٧‫ﻫ‬(‫ﻤﺠﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺯﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺌﺩ‬.،‫ﻁ‬
‫ﺝ‬٦‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٤٠‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺠﺎﻟﻪ‬ ،.
)٧٣(‫ﺍﻷﺼﺒﻬﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬:‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬
)‫ﺕ‬٤٣٠‫ﻫ‬(‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬:‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺩﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺴﻌﺩ‬١،
٢٠٠٢‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،١٨١.
)٧٤(‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺩﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬.‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﻁ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٥٣٧،‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬ ،
‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٥١.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

19. .................................................................................................... 
 ١٧٥
)٧٥(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٨١.،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺍﺭﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ‬)١٨١-٢٥٥‫ﻫ‬(‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻥ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺎﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﺭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻲ‬١،١٤٠٧‫ﻫ‬/١٩٨٧‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬١‫ﺹ‬ ،١٥٠‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،
)٥٧٠(،‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺤﺤﻪ‬٣،
‫ﺹ‬٥٣٨‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻭﺍﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ،٩،
‫ﺹ‬٢٧٧" :‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺠﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬"،
‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٤٣.
)٧٦(‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬١٩.
)٧٧(‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻠﺘﻪ‬.‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬ ،‫ﺴﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺩﻴﺎ‬١٠٢،
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺼﺩﺭ‬.
)٧٨(‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺭﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬.
)٧٩(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٨٠‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ،
‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٥٣٥.‫ﻭﺃﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٥٠.
)٨٠(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٨٠‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬.
)٨١(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬٢،‫ﺹ‬٢٨٠‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺼ‬‫ﺤﻴﺢ‬.
)٨٢(‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻠﻪ‬:‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٤٦.
)٨٣(‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬:‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺩ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٨.‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻘﻁﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻴﻨﺔ‬.
)٨٤(‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٥٣.
)٨٥(‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺼﻔﻬﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﺩ‬
)٤٣٠‫ﻫ‬(‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺼﻔﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ،:
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﻁﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‬
،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬١٤١٨‫ﻫ‬/١٩٩٧‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬٣‫ﺹ‬ ،٣٩٦.
)٨٦(‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ،‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬)‫ﺕ‬٨٧٢‫ﻫ‬(‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬ ،
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﻭل‬:‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﻨﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﺸﺭ‬١‫ﺹ‬ ،٧١.
)٨٧(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٨٠‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ،.
)٨٨(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬٢‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٨٠‫ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،
‫ﻀﻌﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬.
)٨٩(،‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺼﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬"‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺄﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻻ‬"،
‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬)٧٣٦٣.(
)٩٠(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬١٠‫ﺹ‬ ،٢٨٩‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ،
)١٠٥٨٠(‫ﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺯﻭﺍﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ،٩،
‫ﺹ‬٢٧٦" :‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬."
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com