The document is a summary of a meeting that took place on 15/3/2015. It discusses several topics related to strategies and plans around education and training. Key discussions included exploring new approaches to teacher training programs and curriculum development to better prepare students for the future job market.

1. 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٥٣١٥٣

2. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 ،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬‫א‬?
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

3. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W 
 J‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬EKKKK 
 J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬KE 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬KE 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE 

4. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

5. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١

6. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١-
‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
•‫א‬‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
•‫א‬‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
F٤E‫א‬F٤E‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
•K 
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
•K
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬K 

7. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٢-
١ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
١-١-W 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Monomineral Stone‫א‬
‫א‬Polymineral StoneK 
 
١-٢-‫א‬WRock Classification 
‫א‬W 
١-٢-١-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬: Igneous Rocks
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Magma‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Granite
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Basalt
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
PorphyreK 
١-٢-٢-‫א‬‫א‬Sedimentary RocksW 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

8. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٣-
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Limestone‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
١-٢-٣-‫א‬‫א‬Metamorphic RocksW
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬Marble‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Quartzite‫א‬
‫א‬SlateK 
 
١-٣-‫א‬MarbleW 
١-٣-١-‫א‬W 
‫א‬،‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬Calcite،‫א‬Dolomite،‫א‬
?‫א‬?Serpentine‫א‬‫א‬TraventineKE 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
١-٣-٢-‫א‬‫א‬W 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬W٥٪‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬W٥٪٤٠٪‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬Onyx MarbleW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

9. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٤-
♦‫א‬WF‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WFEK
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬W،،‫א‬K
♦K
♦W،،،،K
‫א‬‫א‬K
 
١-٣-٣-‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٢٪K
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬٢{٦L٣
K
♦‫א‬W‫א‬٥٢L٢
K
♦‫א‬Abrasion ResistanceW‫א‬١٠K
♦‫א‬Hardness ModulusW‫א‬F٣E
‫א‬K
 
١-٣-٤-‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CladdingWK
♦‫א‬K
♦‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 

10. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٥-
١-٤-‫א‬Building StonesW 
١-٤-١-‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬LimestoneK‫א‬
‫א‬Dolomite‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
١-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
٢-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
٣-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
٤-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
٥-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
٦-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
٧-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
١-٤-٢-‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Soft and Hard
Limestone Unit‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Crystalline Limestone
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Dolomitic Limestone
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Chalky Marl Limestone
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Silicated Limestone
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬EPhosphoric Limestone

11. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٦-
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Numuletic Limestone
 
١-٤-٣-‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬FASTM C179WE‫א‬W
o‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٥L٢
o‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٨L٢
 
o‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢L٢
♦‫א‬‫א‬FASTM C97WE‫א‬،،‫א‬
W٣،٤{٢،٧{٥٪‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬FASTM C97WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{١٦٢{٥٦L٣
K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬Abrasion ResistanceFASTM C241WE‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠K٪
 
 
ASTM "American Society for Testing and Materials"‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬??
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٨٩٨‫א‬
Charles Benjamin DudleyK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢٠٠٠‫א‬٧٧‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠K 

12. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٧-
١-٤-٤-‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Course Ashlars‫א‬Random Ashlars،
‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
 
١-٥-‫א‬AggregatesW
١-٥-١-‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٧٥٪‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬KE
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K
 
١-٥-٢-‫א‬‫א‬W 
١-٥-٢-١-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬FE،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬Crushed AggregatesW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K 
١-٥-٢-٢-‫א‬‫א‬Lightweight AggregatesWW 

13. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٨-
♦‫א‬‫א‬Volcanic Scoria‫א‬‫א‬PumiceK
♦‫א‬‫א‬ClayExpanded‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬SlagK
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
١-٥-٢-٣-‫א‬‫א‬Heavyweight AggregatesW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
١-٥-٣-‫א‬‫א‬W 
١-٥-٣-١-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
    ‫א‬ 
♦‫א‬‫א‬Z——————L٣
F١-١E
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٥٢{٧٥L٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٥١{٨٥L٣
١{٦١{٨L٣
K 
     ‫א‬‫א‬ 
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z——————C١٠٠٪F١-٢E
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z١–——————C١٠٠٪F١-٣E 
     ‫א‬‫א‬ 
    ‫א‬–‫א‬ 
♦‫א‬‫א‬Z————————————C١٠٠٪F١-٤E
‫א‬ 
١-٥-٣-٢-‫א‬W 
‫א‬W 
 JRound‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 

14. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-٩-
 JIrregular‫א‬‫א‬K 
 J‫א‬Angular‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JFlaky‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JElongated‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JFlaky and Elongated‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠١٥٪‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬W 
 JGlassy‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JSmooth‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JGranular‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JRough‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JCrystalline‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 JHoneycombed‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
١-٥-٣-٣-‫א‬‫א‬Aggregate GradingW 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F١E‫א‬F‫א‬٢E،
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F١KEE 
 
 
 
 
 
 

15. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١٠-
 
 
 
 
‫א‬١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢W‫א‬ 
 
 
‫א‬F١WE‫א‬‫א‬٢٠٠٠ 
‫א‬FE ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE ‫א‬‫א‬E٪F ‫א‬‫א‬E٪F 
٤{٧٥ ٤٥ ٢ ٩٨ 
٢{٣٦ 22311 ٨٩ 
١{١٨ 50425 ٧٥ 
٠{٦ 94347 ٥٣ 
٠{٣ ١٥٤٤ ٧٧ ٢٣ 
٠{١٥ ١٨١٩ ٩١ ٩ 
٠{٠٧٥ ١٩١٨ ٩٦ ٤ 
 ٢٠٠٠ ١٠٠ ٠ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫وﺧﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎرة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎدات‬ ‫ﺧﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺪرج‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬ ‫وﻳﺮﺳﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎت‬.‫ﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫وﻋﺎدة‬ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻮﻏﺎرﻳﺘﻤﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﻂ‬ ‫ﺜﻴﻞ‬)‫ا‬‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬)٣.((

16. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١١-
‫اﻟ‬‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬)٣: (‫اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮآﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺪرج‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 0.075 0.15 0.3 0.6 1.18 2.36 4.75
(‫)ﻣﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﺔ‬
(%)‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮزن‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎر‬‫اﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
o‫א‬‫א‬Graded Aggregates‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
o‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Well Graded Aggregates‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
o‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Gap Graded Aggregates‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K 

17. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١٢-

‫א‬Fineness ModulusW
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬Abrams‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١٠٠K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٠{١٥–٠{٣–٠{٦–١{٢–٢{٤–
٤{٧٥K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬٢٣{٢
٥٨K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FZ٢H١١H٢٥H٤٧H٧٧
H٩١LE١٠٠Z٢{٥٣ 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Maximum Aggregate SizeW
٩٥٪‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٧{٥١٩‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٥٠،‫א‬‫א‬
١٥٠K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١L٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،١L٣
‫א‬‫א‬،٣L٤‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
١-٥-٣-٤-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
 J‫א‬The Crushing StrengthW
‫א‬‫א‬Aggregate Crushing Value ACV‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٥،‫א‬٤٠
K 
 J‫א‬Thoughness of AggregatesW
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٥‫א‬٢٥K
‫א‬‫א‬٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

18. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١٣-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
   ‫א‬٤W‫א‬ 
 J‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬(Los Angeles AbrasionW 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬٥٠٠
،‫א‬١{٤K 

٥W‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٤ 
‫א‬Z——————————C١٠٠F١-٥E 
   ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬٤٠‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
١-٥-٤-‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Deleterious Substances in AggregatesW
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 

19. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١٤-
♦‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬EClay and other Fine Material:‫א‬
‫א‬F٠{٠٦٣E،‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥٪
٣–٤٪‫א‬٢٪K 
 
 J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Organic ImpuritiesW ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K? 
 
 J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Salt and Sugar ContaminationW‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E
٧،٢٨K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٥٪‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
 J‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

20. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١٥-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
٪‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٥K 
 
 J‫א‬‫א‬Alkali Aggregate ReactionW‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٦٪
‫א‬K 
 
١-٥-٥-‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬،‫א‬،W 
١ J‫א‬‫א‬K 
٢ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Base‫א‬
‫א‬Sub BaseK
٣ J‫א‬‫א‬K
٤ J‫א‬K 
 
١-٦-W 
١ J‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢ J‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬ 
٣ J‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
٤ J‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬
٥ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬ 
٦ J‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
٧ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W 
 
 

21. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
-١٦-
‫א‬FE ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE٢ 
٤{٧٥ ٥٤ ٢٨ 
٢{٣٦ ٢٤٥ ١٦٥ 
١{١٨ ٤٩٨ ٢٥٥ 
٠{٦ ٩٦٢ ٦٢٥ 
٠{٣ ١٤٨٨ ١٠٥٢ 
٠{١٥ ١٨٧٤ ١٦٤٥ 
٠{٠٧٥ ١٩٢٥ ١٨٩٥ 
 ٢٠٠٠ ٢٠٠٠ 
 J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬٢‫؟‬ 
 J‫؟‬‫א‬ 
 J‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬ 
٨ J‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬،‫א‬
W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٤FE 
١ ٥٠٠٠ ٢٩٥٠ 
٢ ٥٠٠٠ ٣٩٠٠ 
 J‫א‬‫א‬ 
 J‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬ 
٩ J‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

22. ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
٢

23. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
-١٧-
‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬K 
•‫א‬‫א‬K
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
٤‫א‬٤‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
•K 
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
•K
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 

24. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
-١٨-
٢ J‫א‬Cement 
 
٢-١-‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬KE 
‫א‬FCaOE‫א‬FSiO2E
‫א‬FAL2O3E‫א‬FFe2O3E‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
٢-٢-‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧٥٪٢٥٪‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
١E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
١٠٥٠K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬Slurry‫א‬٣٢–٤٠٪‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K 
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٥K
♦‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
PowderK‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬٦٠٪
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

25. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
-١٩-
٢E‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE‫א‬SilosK‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
٣E‫א‬W 
‫א‬٤٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٥٠ºK
‫א‬‫א‬١٤٨٠ºK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F٢–٥°E،‫א‬١–٢‫א‬K
‫א‬٥٧٠K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
♦‫א‬‫א‬CaCO3‫א‬CaO٩٥٠ºK
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
١٢٥٠º١٣٥٠ºK
♦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
o‫א‬C3S
o‫א‬C2S
o‫א‬C3A
o‫א‬C4AF 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Clinker‫א‬‫א‬
٣–٢٥K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠–٢٠٠º،
‫א‬K 
٤E‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣–٥٪FE‫א‬K
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 

26. ‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
-٢٠-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٠،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 
‫א‬٦W‫א‬ 
٢-٣-‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F٥E‫א‬F٢EW 
‫א‬F٢EW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
١ 
Type 1
 
Ordinary Portland Cement
‫א‬ 
٢ 
Type 2
‫א‬ 
Moderate Sulphate Resisting Cement
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
٣ 
Type 3
‫א‬ 
Rapid Hardening Cement
‫א‬
 
٤ 
Type 4
‫א‬‫א‬ 
Low Heat Cement
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
E 
٥ 
Type 5
‫א‬ 
Sulphate Resisting Cement
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 