This document discusses sports and activities for individuals with paraplegia. It begins by introducing spinal cord injuries and how paralysis can be overcome through physical activity. It then discusses the Paralympics and lists several sports that are played by paraplegics, such as wheelchair racing, basketball, and archery. Modifications to wheelchairs are also described for different sports like fencing. The benefits of sport for paraplegics are said to include improved health, psychological well-being, and social engagement. Examples of adapted equipment for activities like handcycling, skiing, and waterskiing are provided.

1. SPORTS FOR PARAPLEGICS
MANASI KULKARNI
MPT-1
NEUROSCIENCES

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Paralympics
• Sports for paraplegics
• Benefits of sport activities
• Modification of Wheelchair
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most severe forms of disability, both from
the physical aspect as well as from the psychological, social and professional
aspects.
• Paralysis is a ready excuse to stay indoors and inactive. But the benefits of
escaping the ordinary, of being challenged, of exploring the boundaries of
limitation, and sharing this with friends and family is all very fulfilling and
meaningful
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4. A study was done 2014 on Impact of sports activities on quality of life of
persons with SCI.
• Aim: To determine the difference between persons with a spinal cord injury
involved in sports activities and those not involved in sports activities in
relation to their quality of life and the presence of secondary health conditions
• Conclusion: The implementation of sports activities significantly improves
quality of life in the population of people with spinal cord injury-paraplegia.
However, sports activities only partially affect secondary health conditions.
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5. • Sports is an effective means of augmenting rehabilitation outcomes for
people with disabilities.
• People with disabilities have right to participate in sport and should have
the same opportunities as others.
• Paralympic sport is elite, exciting and inspiring.
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6. • The term was first used in the media in 1953 in the Bucks Advertiser and
Aylesbury News and until 1960 the term was used as an alternative or
colloquial means of referring to the annual International Stoke Mandeville
Games (ISMGs) (Brittain, 2010).
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Paraplegic Olympic Paralympic

7. SPORTS WHICH PARAPLEGICS CAN PLAY
• Handcycling
• Waterskiing
• Wheelchair racing
• Wheelchair basketball
• Sled hockey
• Swimming
• Skiing
• Surfing
• Rock climbing
• Tennis
• Horse back riding
• Bowling
• Rowling
• Archery
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8. BENEFITS OF SPORTS
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Promote active living Improve health and wellness
Reduce stress Help to think more creatively
Benefits of sports for
paraplegics
Social and
psychological
balance

9. SPORTS PLAYED IN THE INDIA
• Para athletic throwing
• Para swimming
• Para badminton
• Para shooting
• Para powerlifting
• Wheelchair Rugby
• Archery
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10. Balance and stabilization capability of paraplegic wheelchair athletes
• In order to prevent wheelchair athletes from having painful accidents , an investigator
would need to know what the individual plans to do and whether the individual is
capable of doing it
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To define balance control
capabilities for paraplegic
wheelchair athletes with different
level of injuries to the spinal cord.
This study reveals the balance
capabilities of athletes with
paraplegia an offers a means of
analyzing their behavior under well-
defined mechanical conditions.
There seems to be a relation between the stabilization capability and neurological level of subjects

11. ADAPTION OF WHEELCHAIR FOR SPORTS
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12 • U.S.A. has registered patent for the wheelchair modification done for fencing

13. HANDCYCLING
• Assistive technology can be of great use in pursuing a healthy lifestyle for
those with SCI.
• The development of hand cycle technology is of particular interest ,since
this exercise mode is less straining and more efficient than wheelchair
propulsion.
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14. • They are hand-cranked, low contraptions with a big front and back wheel.
There are dozens of styles on the market, from lightweight to heavy-duty,
there are handcycles for every terrain.
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15. • A study was conducted Physical strain on handcycling
• Handcycling is relatively efficient and exercise
intensities > 46%VO2peak were elicited. However,
exercise load seems to be underestimated using
%HRpeak. LPD was not perceived as limiting.
Physiological stress and strain in able-bodied
individuals appear to be comparable to individuals
with paraplegia.
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16. WHEELCHAIR RACING
• Similar to handcycling but keeps you in your wheelchair, wheelchair racing
involves pushing on the wheels and not using a hand-crank.
• Sometimes a third wheel is attached to the front of the chair for speed.
• Most advanced wheelchair racers will actually have a specific chair made
just for racing that has the wheels angled in and is more lightweight than
their everyday wheelchair.
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17. SKIING
• One of the coolest adapted sports out there, the adapted snow skiing world is
a blast if you love adrenaline.
• This sport also utilizes a sit-ski just like in waterskiing, with the user strapped to
a bucketed seat on either one or two snow skis. And you still use ski poles, but
much shorter versions.
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18. SLED HOCKEY
• This adapted version of hockey involves a seat very low to the ground
that's on blades (encased in an iron-like cage for your protection), with
the player using a shortened version of a hockey stick.
• It's a pretty fast-paced sport that has been growing in popularity.
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19. WHEELCHAIR BASKET BALL
• A staple in the adapted sports world, wheelchair basketball is still one of
the most popular adapted sports among paraplegics.
• It provides great cardio and a group mindset mentality.
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21. TENNIS
• Wheelchair tennis is another popular adapted sport in the Paralympics.
• We love this sport because it's easy to play - wherever there's a court (as
long as you can get in of course), it's game on.
• One of the main and only differences of wheelchair tennis too is that you are
allowed two bounces instead of one; the rest is essentially the same as the
original sport.
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22. WATERSKIING
• At the highest end of the tech scale is the mono-ski, best for those with
good upper body strength and trunk balance.
• The skier sits in a molded shell mounted to a frame above a single ski with a
shock absorber linking the frame to the ski. Two outriggers are used for
balance and turning.
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23. REFERENCES
1) Kljajić D, Eminović F, Dopsaj M, Pavlović D, Arsić S, Otašević J. The impact of sports activities
on quality of life of persons with a spinal cord injury. Zdrav Var 2016; 55(2): 104-111.
2) Vanlandwijck V., Thompson W.R. Handbook of sports medicine and science: The Paralympic
Athlete. Wiley Blackwell.2011.
3) Hettinga FJ. et al Physical strain of handcycling: An evaluation using training guideluines for
a healthy lifestyle as defined by American College of Sport Medicine.The Journal of Spinal
cord medicine.2013;36(4):376-382
4) Bernard Goldstein Specialized Wheelchair for paraplegic fencer.1998
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24. THANK YOU !!!
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