SPORTS MEDICINE, SPORTS PHYSIOTHERAPY and exercise therapy

1. SPORTS FOR
DISABLED
Dr. Nishank Verma (PT)
M.P.T-Sports Medicine
Jamia Millia Islamia
New Delhi, India

2. DISABILITY
• Disability is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation
restrictions. An impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is
a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation
restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations.
• Disability is thus not just a health problem. It is a complex phenomenon, reflecting the
interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he or
she lives. Overcoming the difficulties faced by people with disabilities requires interventions
to remove environmental and social barriers.
• People with disabilities have the same health needs as non-disabled people – for
immunization, cancer screening etc. They also may experience a narrower margin of health,
both because of poverty and social exclusion, and also because they may be vulnerable to
secondary conditions, such as pressure sores or urinary tract infections. Evidence suggests
that people with disabilities face barriers in accessing the health and rehabilitation services
they need in many settings.

3. DISABLED SPORTS
• Disabled sports, also adaptive sports or parasports,
are sports played by persons with a disability,
including physical and intellectual disabilities. As
many disabled sports are based on existing able
bodied sports, modified to meet the needs of
persons with a disability, they are sometimes
referred to as adapted sports.
• However, not all disabled sports are adapted; several
sports that have been specifically created for
persons with a disability have no equivalent in non-
disabled sports. Disability exists in four categories:
physical, mental, permanent and temporary.

5. TEAM SPORTS FOR THE PHYSICALLY DISABLED
• Wheelchair Basketball - basically regular basketball played on a wheelchair.
• Wheelchair Rugby - a full contact indoor team sport conducted for players with disabilities.
• Wheelchair Rugby League - a version of rugby league football but played using a wheelchair.
• Wheelchair Tennis — a version of lawn tennis for those who have lower body disabilities.
• Wheelchair Curling — a variation of curling in which athletes with a disability affecting their
lower limbs use wheelchair to play the sport.
• Wheelchair Dancing — all of the participants of a team perform dance routines while riding
on a wheelchair.
• Powerchair Football - indoor football for people in wheelchairs.
• Power Hockey - ice hockey played on an electric wheelchair.
• Sledge Hockey - ice hockey on double-blade sledges for people with physical disabilities on
the lower body.
• Paralympic Football - the adaptation of association football for disabled athletes.
• Sitting Volleyball - also known as sitting volleyball is for disabled athletes

7. TEAM SPORTS FOR THE BLIND
• Goalball - a paralympic sport for blind athletes using a ball with
bells.
• Torball - a team sport for the visually impaired with an inflated ball
with bells inside. The aim is to throw the ball through the
opponent´s goal line.
• Blind Cricket - a modified version of cricket with a larger ball with
bells inside which is designed to be played by blind athletes.
• Showdown — a game for blind and visually impaired people
similar to air hockey.

8. TEAM SPORTS FOR THE DEAF
• Deaf Basketball - basketball which is played by the hearing
imparied. Players use sign language to communicate with
each other including the refs.

9. TRACK AND FIELD EVENTS FOR THE DISABLED
• Club Throw — a track and field disabled sports event, the objective
is to throw a wooden club as far as possible.
• Softball Throw — a track and field discipline in which you throw
the ball as far as possible, mostly used in competitions for
disadvantaged groups as a substitute for other technical throwing
events.
• Racerunning — a track and field racing sport for disabled athletes,
in which they use a specially designed tricycle.
• Wheelchair Racing - a type of racing in which athletes with physical
disabilities compete with the help of a wheelchair.

10. INDIVIDUAL SPORTS FOR THE DISABLED
• Wheelchair Fencing — a version of fencing in which disabled
athletes fight with thin swords while sitting in wheelchairs which
are tightly fastened to the floor.
• Paratriathlon — involves a 750 m swim, a 20 km bike with
handcycles, bicycles or tandems with a guide, and a 5 km
wheelchair or running race.
• Para-Cycling — cycle racing events using adaptations for disabled
athletes, such as tandem bikes and hand-cycling.
• Para-Climbing — Sport Climbing for disabled athletes
• Boccia - a ball sport similar to bocce, bowls, and pentanque for
athletes with physical disabilities.

12. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF SPORTS FOR THE
DISABLED
• International Organisations of Sports for the Disabled (IOSDs) are
independent organisations recognised by the IPC as the sole
representatives of a specific impairment group.
• The IPC currently recognises four IOSDs:
• Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA)
• International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)
• International Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability
(INAS)
• International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS).
• IOSDs work in conjunction with the IPC to provide specific expertise to
develop sport for athletes with an impairment from the grassroots level
to the elite level. They act as the governing body for some of the
impairment specific sports that are a part of the Paralympic
Games programme.

13. ORGANIZATIONS PROMOTING SPORTS FOR DISABLED
IN INDIA
• National Paralympics Committee of India or PCI
• Indian Blind Sports Association
• The FESPIC Games or the Far East and South Pacific Games for the
Disabled
• Asian Paralympic Committee (APC)

15. INDIA AT THE PARALYMPICS
• India made its Summer Paralympic début at the 1968 Games, competed again in 1972, and
then was absent until the 1984 Games. The country has participated in every edition of the
Summer Games since then. It has never participated in the Winter Paralympic Games.[1]
• In 1972 at the Heidelberg Games, Murlikant Petkar swam the 50 meter freestyle in a world
record time of 37.331 seconds to give India her first ever Gold. India finished 24th out of the
42 participating nations. In 1984, Joginder Singh Bedi won silver at the Men's Shot Put and
followed it up with a pair of bronze winning performances in the Discus and Javelin throws.
Another Indian, Bhimrao Kesarkar, won the silver medal in the Javelin. India finished 37th out
of the 54 participating nations.
• India continued to participate in each Paralympic Games thereafter, but failed to make an
impact till the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens when Devendra Jhajharia,[3] Javelin
thrower, won gold and Rajinder Singh won bronze for powerlifting in the 56-kg category. India
finished 53rd out of the 136 nation field.[1] H. N. Girisha, an Indian athlete born with a
disability in the left leg, won the silver medal in the 2012 Paralympic games held in London in
the men's high jump F-42 category.

20. Top 4 physically challenged athletes
Im Dong-Hyun
The Blade Runner – Oscar Pistorius
Natalie du Toit
Natalia Partyka

21. Famous Indian
Athletes with
disability

22. THANK YOU…..!