The Mars Odyssey spacecraft was launched in 2001 and entered Martian orbit in October 2001, where it has collected extensive imagery and scientific data about the Martian surface and climate over its long-term mission. Some of its scientific instruments include the Themis imaging system to detect minerals and the Gamma Ray Spectrometer to analyze surface chemistry. Mars Odyssey discovered subsurface ice near the poles and has generated maps of radiation levels and mineral distribution to advance understanding of Martian geology.
The Universe is all of space time and everything that exists therein, including all planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, the smallest subatomic particles, and all matter and energy.
Similar terms include the cosmos, the world, reality, and nature.
As parts of the Earth were colonized there success sometimes depended on the raw materials that were available to support the colony.
This could be same for Mars. Materials could be mined from Mars to support the colony or to send back to Earth. Its close location to the asteroid belt could also allow mining of iron nickel meteorites which are abundantly found throughout the asteroid belt.
The Universe is all of space time and everything that exists therein, including all planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, the smallest subatomic particles, and all matter and energy.
Similar terms include the cosmos, the world, reality, and nature.
As parts of the Earth were colonized there success sometimes depended on the raw materials that were available to support the colony.
This could be same for Mars. Materials could be mined from Mars to support the colony or to send back to Earth. Its close location to the asteroid belt could also allow mining of iron nickel meteorites which are abundantly found throughout the asteroid belt.
Taking as reference the Drake equation, which estimates a small number of civilizations, under very specific characteristics, it appears that at present there is
insufficient data to solve this equation. However, the scientific community has accepted its relevance as a first theoretical approach to the problem, and several researchers have used as a tool to raise different scenarios, which will explore a specific in this assay, mixed with some science fiction.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE EXPLORATION OF THE PLANET MARS FOR HUMANITY'S SURVIVALFernando Alcoforado
This article aims to present the scientific and technological advances related to the exploration of the planet Mars and its colonization by humanity in the future as an alternative place for the escape of human beings aiming at their survival as a species against internal and external threats to planet Earth.
Taking as reference the Drake equation, which estimates a small number of civilizations, under very specific characteristics, it appears that at present there is
insufficient data to solve this equation. However, the scientific community has accepted its relevance as a first theoretical approach to the problem, and several researchers have used as a tool to raise different scenarios, which will explore a specific in this assay, mixed with some science fiction.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE EXPLORATION OF THE PLANET MARS FOR HUMANITY'S SURVIVALFernando Alcoforado
This article aims to present the scientific and technological advances related to the exploration of the planet Mars and its colonization by humanity in the future as an alternative place for the escape of human beings aiming at their survival as a species against internal and external threats to planet Earth.
A short glimpse of geology of the planet Mars. Good for undergraduate and post-graduate students of geology, geography, earth and planetary sciences, astronomy.
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory - 2012 Annual reportJon Nelson
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center located in Pasadena, California, United States.
JPL is managed by the nearby California Institute of Technology (Caltech) for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The laboratory's primary function is the construction and operation of robotic planetary spacecraft, though it also conducts Earth-orbit and astronomy missions. It is also responsible for operating NASA's Deep Space Network.
Among the laboratory's current major active projects are the Mars Science Laboratory mission (which includes the Curiosity rover), the Cassini–Huygens mission orbiting Saturn, the Mars Exploration Rovers (Spirit and Opportunity), the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, the Dawn mission to the dwarf planet Ceres and asteroid Vesta, the Juno spacecraft en route to Jupiter, the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission to the Moon, the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) X-ray telescope, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.
The twin Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft are exploring where nothing from Earth has flown before. Continuing on their more-than-40-year journey since their 1977 launches, they each are much farther away from Earth and the sun than Pluto. In August 2012, Voyager 1 made the historic entry into interstellar space, the region between stars, filled with material ejected by the death of nearby stars millions of years ago. Voyager 2 entered interstellar space on November 5, 2018 and scientists hope to learn more about this region. Both spacecraft are still sending scientific information about their surroundings through the Deep Space Network, or DSN.
The primary mission was the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn. After making a string of discoveries there — such as active volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io and intricacies of Saturn's rings — the mission was extended. Voyager 2 went on to explore Uranus and Neptune, and is still the only spacecraft to have visited those outer planets. The adventurers' current mission, the Voyager Interstellar Mission (VIM), will explore the outermost edge of the Sun's domain. And beyond.
2. October 24, 2001 NASA’S Mars Odyssey
entered in orbit.
December 15, 2001Mars Odyssey becomes
the longest operating spacecraft.
The odyssey continues to collect thousands
of images and data about Martian geology
, climate ,and mineralogy.
The Odyssey spent 917 earth days doing its
job
Then the Odyssey served as communication
relay base for the Mars Exploration Rovers
3. Boeing’s Delta II 7925
(Launched on April 7, 2001at 11:02a.m.
[Eastern time]
(Arrived at Mars on October 24,2001)
Supersonic parachute
Sojourner rover (1997)
Curiosity rover (2012)
Spirit/Opportunity rover (2004)
4.
5. America sent Mars odyssey to determine
whether life ever arose on Mars
Find out about the climates of Mars
Find out about geology of Mars
Get ready for humans to explore
6. Mar’s Odyssey is unmanned because it is
controlled by NASA’s Mars Exploration
Program. It is a long-term effort of robotic
exploration of the red planet.
7. 1. Themis (Thermal Emission Imaging System)-For
determining the distribution of minerals, especially ones
that can only form in the water.
2. GRS (Gamma Ray Spectrometer)-It determines the presence
of about 20 chemical elements on the planets surface.
3. MARIE (Mars Radiation Environment Experiment)- studies
radiation environment
8. Discovered subsurface water ice near poles
Track changes of polar ice, clouds and dust
storms
Generated maps of radiation and minerals
9. Mars odyssey is:
2.2 meters long
1.7 meters tall
2.6 meters wide
1598 pounds including fuel and instruments