Some modals verbs
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This document discusses different modal verbs used to express rules, obligations, prohibitions, possibilities, and advice. Modal verbs like have to, must, don't have to, mustn't, can't are used to talk about rules and obligations imposed by either the speaker or generally. Verbs like may, might describe future possibilities. Asking for permission is done with may I or may we. Should and ought to give advice about what someone reasonably could or should do in a situation.
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Literature is great part 1
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Heritage is great part 2 transcript
Stonehenge is one of Britain's most famous prehistoric sites, dating back over 4,500 years. The giant stone circle was likely used as a Neolithic temple and attracts many visitors annually due to its mysterious origins and incredible architectural complexity. Historian Susan Greaney discusses how new laser surveys are revealing details about how the stones were carved and arranged. While there are myths that the stones were transported from Ireland by the wizard Merlin, archaeological evidence shows that some smaller stones originated from Wales. Stonehenge offers a glimpse into Britain's rich cultural heritage.
Heritage is great 2
Stonehenge is a prehistoric stone monument located in England that is approximately 4,500 years old and dates back to the Neolithic period. It remains a mystery as to the monument's origins and purpose, though it was likely used as some kind of temple. Recent research using detailed surveys of the stones has revealed new information about how the stones were erected and arranged, as well as carvings and designs on the stones. While there is a myth that the stones were brought to the site by Merlin from Ireland, there is an element of truth to the story as some stones do actually come from Wales.
Heritage is great part 1 transcript
Britain has a rich heritage with many historic buildings like palaces, castles, and museums that attract around 30 million overseas visitors annually. London in particular offers iconic landmarks like Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, and Tower Bridge. A popular way for visitors to see the city's sights is via an open-top double decker bus tour. The video also highlights other historic sites across Britain like Warwick Castle, which dates back over 1,100 years, and discusses what life would have been like living in Britain hundreds of years ago in medieval times.
Heritage is great i
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2) He learned about how the city developed over time with the River Thames cutting through its heart and landmarks like the London Gherkin dominating the skyline.
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https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdChapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Some modals verbs
- 2. HAVE TO + INFINITIVE MUST + INFINITIVE Rules and Obligations
- 3. MUST AND HAVE TO There’s a small difference between these two verbs: HAVE TO is used for a general obligation Students have to wear uniform at school MUST is used when the rule is imposed by the speaker You must do your homework
- 4. LACK OF OBLIGATION OR NECESSITY DON’T HAVE TO + INFINITIVE
- 5. PROHIBITION MUSTN’T + INFINITIVE CAN’T + INFINITIVE
- 6. RULES AT THE AIRPORT Can you name 5 things you must or musn’t do at an airport?
- 7. MAY + INFINITIVE MIGHT + INFINITIVE FUTURE POSSIBILITY
- 8. might not
- 9. ASK FOR PERMISSION MAY I…? MAY WE…?
- 10. SHOULD + INFINITIVE OUGHT TO + INFINITIVE ADVICE
- 11. What should I do? I can’t find my wallet. I was sacked from my job. This food I’ve just cooked tastes terrible. I didn’t pass the exam.