Somalia History
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1) The document provides a historical overview of Somalia from colonial times to the present, covering European colonization in the late 19th century, independence and civil war in the late 20th century. 2) It describes Somalia becoming socialist under Siad Barre in 1969 and briefly allying with Soviet Union before tensions emerged in the 1970s. 3) The civil war beginning in 1991 is summarized, including the declarations of independence of Somaliland and Puntland and continuing conflict between factions in southern Somalia.
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Somalia gained independence in 1960 after British and Italian rule. Siad Barre took power in 1969 and established a socialist dictatorship, seeking to end tribalism and promote nationalism. However, his oppressive rule led to a civil war in the late 1980s. Since the overthrow of Barre in 1991, Somalia has experienced statelessness and conflict, though some peace has prevailed more recently in certain areas. Islam has provided a unifying force for Somali identity and nationalism in the absence of a strong central government.
Somalia Nationalsim
Somalia gained independence in 1960 after British and Italian rule. Siad Barre took power in 1969 and established a socialist dictatorship, seeking to end tribalism and promote nationalism. However, his oppressive rule led to a civil war in the late 1980s. The country has since faced ongoing conflict and instability due to tensions between clans and the rejection of foreign involvement, though a shared language, culture and Islamic religion provide some national unity.
Sierra Leone UN case study
Here are some key terms, points, and sources I noted from the presentation:
KEY TERMS:
- UNAMSIL
- ECOMOG
- RUF
- UNOMSIL
- UNIOSIL
KEY POINTS:
- Civil war began in 1991 and involved various factions including the RUF rebels
- Peace agreements like the Lomé Accord failed to hold initially
- UN authorized its first peacekeeping mission with a mandate to use force in 1999
- UNAMSIL helped disarm combatants and restore stability
KEY DETAILS:
- UK intervention helped turn the tide of the war
- Sanctions on Liberia's "blood diamonds" reduced
LEAGUE OF NATIONS: THE ABYSSINIAN CRISIS
LEAGUE OF NATIONS: THE ABYSSINIAN CRISIS.
Some historians believe that the Abyssinian crisis destroyed the credibility of the League of Nations. It was the British and French foreign ministers, Hoare and Laval, who secretly planned to carve up Abyssinia and give a chunk of the country to Mussolini. Hoare and Laval lost their jobs because of this idea.
HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - LEAGUE OF NATIONS: ABYSSINIA 19...
Italy was ruled by the fascist dictator Mussolini in the 1930s. Mussolini invaded Abyssinia in 1935 for revenge from a previous defeat, to gain an African colony, and because he admired Japan's recent invasion of Manchuria which faced no consequences. The League of Nations imposed sanctions on Italy but they were ineffective as supplies could still pass through the Suez Canal. Italy conquered Abyssinia in 1936, damaging the League's reputation and pushing Italy closer to allying with Hitler's Germany.
Decolonization in the post wwi era (part 2 of chapter 21)
- The document discusses decolonization in various regions following World War 1, including India, Egypt, Turkey, Palestine, and parts of Africa.
- In India, nationalist leaders built a strong Hindu base but alienated Muslims, and figures like B.G. Tilak advocated for Hindu nationalism, causing concern for minority religions. Mohandas Gandhi later advocated for non-violent resistance.
- In Egypt, the British occupied in 1882 and imposed economic reforms benefiting elites but not masses. Nationalism emerged from the middle-class Effendi, but they failed to build mass support like in India. Uprisings increased calls for independence.
- Following WWI, Mustafa Kemal
LIbya and the Arab Spring
The document provides background information on Libya, Tunisia, and Egypt leading up to the Arab Spring protests in 2011. It outlines key demographic data and timelines of political events for each country, including periods of authoritarian rule, economic struggles, and crackdowns on dissent. The document describes growing unrest in Tunisia and Egypt that ultimately led to the ousting of their long-time leaders, which then inspired protests against Gaddafi's regime in Libya.
Similar to Somalia History (20)
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: AIMS MUSSOLINI FOREIGN POLICY
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: AIMS MUSSOLINI FOREIGN POLICY
HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - LEAGUE OF NATIONS: ABYSSINIA 19...
HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - LEAGUE OF NATIONS: ABYSSINIA 19...
Decolonization in the post wwi era (part 2 of chapter 21)
Decolonization in the post wwi era (part 2 of chapter 21)
Somalia History
- 1. Somalia Deep Dive Module 1 Geography, History, Demographics 19 OCT 2011 15 th MEU S-2 Cpl Moe, Robert B UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED