Solar water heating systems (SWHS) harness solar energy to heat water and are a cost-effective alternative to using electricity or fossil fuels for water heating. SWHS have been used in many countries since the early 1900s and became widespread in places like Israel in the 1950s due to restrictions on fossil fuel use. India receives high levels of solar radiation and SWHS can provide a suitable alternative for water heating across the country, helping save energy costs and reduce environmental degradation. The Indian government has implemented various policies and incentives to promote the adoption of SWHS.

1. Solar Water
Heating
System
Presented By:
BHANU PRATAP
CIVIL ENGINEERING
3rd Year

2. INTRODUCTION
• India is blessed with solar energy in abundance at no
cost.
• India is having high solar insolation of 46.5
KWh/sq.m/day for an average of 280 sunny days and
most of that resource has been left untapped.
• One of the popular cost-effective devices that harness
the solar energy is Solar Water Heating System (SWHS).
• SWHS heating system is a commercially viable and
technologically mature product, is existing in country for
many years with enormous potential.

3. HISTORY
• There are records of solar collectors in the United States
dating back to before 1900, comprising a black-painted
tank mounted on a roof.
• SWHS has been widely used in
Greece, Turkey, Israel, Australia, Japan, Austria and
China.
• Israel is a country, where solar water heaters are being
used since 1950s.
• There was a fuel crisis and restrictions were imposed on
heating water using fossil fuel.
• Since then the Israelis are accustomed with heating
water using SWHS. In 1980, the Parliament of Israel
introduced a law on mandatory solar heating for new
residential buildings

5. Scope in India
• India has a varying climate extending from extreme to moderate
due to its unique geographical features.
• Normally in the countryside, wood or biomass is used for
heating and in urban areas electricity or fossil fuels are used for
this purpose. This practice is either expensive or degrades the
environment.
• Therefore, solar water heating system can be a suitable
alternative to meet the growing demand of hot water in the
country without exerting further pressure on electricity or cutting
of forest trees from the forest areas. The SWHS has the
potential to save millions in energy costs in our country.

6. Steps Taken By Indian Government
• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE), government of India and some state-level agencies
have formulated many schemes for promotion of SWHS.
• There are also provisions of providing soft loans under the
interest subsidy scheme through a network of financial
institutions and tax benefits on all investments in solar
energy technologies.
• The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) as per provision of
the Energy conservation Act 2001 has prescribed guidelines
for Energy Conservation Buildings Code (ECBC), which sets
minimum energy standards for design and construction of
buildings. SWHS is one of the components covered under
ECBC to enhance energy performance of the buildings.
• With the objective of contributing to India’s Energy security
and sustainable development, the Prime Minister has
launched Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)
in January 2010. The objective of the mission is to establish
India as a global leader in solar energy.

7. Uses of Solar Water Heating System
• Bathing.
• Laundry application in hotels, hospitals, hostels.
• Cooking (Pre-Heating of water helps in
reduction of use of fuel).
• Various industrial applications.

8. Solar Water Heater

9. Contd.,
• A solar water heater consists of a collector to
collect solar energy and an insulated storage tank
to store hot water. The total system with solar
collector, storage tank and pipelines is called
solar hot water system.
• The solar water heating systems are of two
categories:
1) Closed loop system.
2) Open loop system.

10. Contd.,
• In the closed loop system, heat exchangers
are installed to protect the system from hard
water obtained from bore wells or freezing
temperatures in the cold regions. The open
loop system has two categories –
1) Thermosyphon.
2) Forced circulation system.

11. Contd.,
•Thermosyphon systems are simple and relatively
inexpensive.
•The forced circulation systems employ electrical
pumps to circulate the water through collectors
and storage tanks.
•The choice of system depends on heat
requirement weather conditions, heat transfer fluid
quality, space availability, annual solar radiation
etc.

12. Thermosyphon system

13. Conclusion
• There is a serious need to sensitize policy makers and
users in the residential and commercial sectors on the
efficacy of SWHS.
• There is a perception that SWHS is more suited for
independent houses rather than apartment buildings. But
the later would ideally have more roof space for an ideal
and attractive SWHS.
•The manufacturer and supplier base of the system has
to be strengthened, so that, they can also create
awareness among potential users of SWHS.

14. Questions And Quarries

15. Thank you~!!