Solar air heater
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This document outlines a student project to design and test a solar air heater with artificial roughness elements. It discusses reviewing literature on solar air heaters, identifying gaps in previous work, selecting design parameters and roughness element shapes to test, designing and building a prototype double-pass solar air heater, and testing it to evaluate efficiency. The goal is to improve solar air heater effectiveness by integrating artificial roughness and comparing different element geometries.
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Introduction
Literature Review
Gap Finding
Objective Function
Parameter and range selection
Reference Setup CAD Design
Prototype making
Real scale setup construction/fabrication and installation
Component of setup
Constructed Setup
Testing and Equipment
Solar air heater from the major component of solar energy utilization system which absorbs the incoming solar radiations , converting it into thermal energy at the absorbing surface , in transferring the energy to a fluid flowing collector. The efficiency of flat plate solar air heater has been found to be low convective heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and the flowing air which increases the absorber plate temperature , leading to high heat losses to the environment resulting in low thermal efficiency of such collectors.
Artificial roughness in the form of repeated ribs the most effective and economic way of improving the thermal performance of solar air heater.
From the Literature review we conclude that the Multi V ribs with gap gave highest enhancement in nusselt number , however there was a very high enhancement in friction factor also.
All the research work is done on Single pass SAH so we worked upon the Double pass SAH.
From Literature review we also conclude that by providing turbulence ( Ribs ) the SAH is more efficient than Flat plate SAH.
The major objective of this work is to find out the ways to improve effectiveness of SAH by integration of Artificial Roughness Solar Air Heater By Using Perforated Multi V Ribs with Double Pass Parallel Flow.
The second objective is to come out with new shape and geometry to enhance effectiveness of SAH and compare it with other existing geometries and find out gaps and limitations of that shape.
Equations Used are DITTUS BOELTER and MODIFIED BLASSIUS EQUATION.
Parameters Used are Raynolds Number , Nusselt number , Friction factor and we have to find out variation in between these parameters with respect to other by plotting graphs.
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This document discusses artificial roughness in solar air heaters. It begins by introducing solar energy and its potential in India. It then discusses solar air heaters and how artificial roughness can be used to enhance heat transfer by disturbing the laminar boundary layer and creating turbulence. Several studies have investigated different roughness element geometries and their effects on heat transfer and friction. Going forward, there is potential to further optimize roughness element shape, size, and orientation to maximize heat transfer with minimal penalty to friction.
Final ppt 26 slides
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Solar air heater is a type of heat exchanger that transforms solar radiation energy into heat energy. Conventional solar air heaters have poor thermal performance due to high heat losses and low convective heat transfer coefficient between absorber and flowing air. Attempts have been made to improve the thermal performance of conventional solar air heater by employing various design and flow arrangements. Double flow solar air heater with packing is an important and effective design improvement that has been proposed to improve the thermal performance. This paper presents the performance and economic analysis of double flow solar air collector with and without packing in the duct. Effect of various parameters on the thermal performance and pressure drop characteristics has been studied experimentally. The study concludes that double flow arrangement with packing is economical and having short payback period. Also, the thermal performance of double flow solar air heater with packing in upper duct is significantly higher compared to double flow solar air heater without packing and conventional solar air heater.
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In earlier years, the entire world has become completely dependent on relic energies such as natural gas, lubricant and coal. This type of resources are existing in limited amount. These resources has been created by natural processes across millions of years. The whole world is completely dependent upon energy. Energy is the basic part of our daily life. The utilization of energy in different purpose such as heating and cooling homes, schools and businesses. Energy is also used for lighting and appliances. In machinery purpose, energy perform different function such as running our vehicle, flying plane, boat sail and running machine. Energy is the player of new generation wealth and also it is significant component of economic development. In future consideration renewable energy is the main source of energy. The complete world is developing day by day and it requires more and more fuel so all the developing countries are focusing on shortage of fuels and necessity for other energy sources. Solar energy is the best alternative source of energy and also it is pollution free and unlimited energy. Nowadays world, the development of country is calculated by the energy utilization of country, the energy of utilization is completely connected with GDP of Country.
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Solar group 16
Introduction
Literature Review
Gap Finding
Objective Function
Parameter and range selection
Reference Setup CAD Design
Prototype making
Real scale setup construction/fabrication and installation
Component of setup
Constructed Setup
Testing and Equipment
Solar air heater from the major component of solar energy utilization system which absorbs the incoming solar radiations , converting it into thermal energy at the absorbing surface , in transferring the energy to a fluid flowing collector. The efficiency of flat plate solar air heater has been found to be low convective heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and the flowing air which increases the absorber plate temperature , leading to high heat losses to the environment resulting in low thermal efficiency of such collectors.
Artificial roughness in the form of repeated ribs the most effective and economic way of improving the thermal performance of solar air heater.
From the Literature review we conclude that the Multi V ribs with gap gave highest enhancement in nusselt number , however there was a very high enhancement in friction factor also.
All the research work is done on Single pass SAH so we worked upon the Double pass SAH.
From Literature review we also conclude that by providing turbulence ( Ribs ) the SAH is more efficient than Flat plate SAH.
The major objective of this work is to find out the ways to improve effectiveness of SAH by integration of Artificial Roughness Solar Air Heater By Using Perforated Multi V Ribs with Double Pass Parallel Flow.
The second objective is to come out with new shape and geometry to enhance effectiveness of SAH and compare it with other existing geometries and find out gaps and limitations of that shape.
Equations Used are DITTUS BOELTER and MODIFIED BLASSIUS EQUATION.
Parameters Used are Raynolds Number , Nusselt number , Friction factor and we have to find out variation in between these parameters with respect to other by plotting graphs.
Anemometer
Lux Meter
Digital Thermometer
Tilted U tube Manometer
Mercury Manometer
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This document discusses artificial roughness in solar air heaters. It begins by introducing solar energy and its potential in India. It then discusses solar air heaters and how artificial roughness can be used to enhance heat transfer by disturbing the laminar boundary layer and creating turbulence. Several studies have investigated different roughness element geometries and their effects on heat transfer and friction. Going forward, there is potential to further optimize roughness element shape, size, and orientation to maximize heat transfer with minimal penalty to friction.
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Solar air heater is a type of heat exchanger that transforms solar radiation energy into heat energy. Conventional solar air heaters have poor thermal performance due to high heat losses and low convective heat transfer coefficient between absorber and flowing air. Attempts have been made to improve the thermal performance of conventional solar air heater by employing various design and flow arrangements. Double flow solar air heater with packing is an important and effective design improvement that has been proposed to improve the thermal performance. This paper presents the performance and economic analysis of double flow solar air collector with and without packing in the duct. Effect of various parameters on the thermal performance and pressure drop characteristics has been studied experimentally. The study concludes that double flow arrangement with packing is economical and having short payback period. Also, the thermal performance of double flow solar air heater with packing in upper duct is significantly higher compared to double flow solar air heater without packing and conventional solar air heater.
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The document reports on an experimental investigation of a double pass solar air heater with a corrugated absorber plate and Amul Cool aluminum cans. The study found that using a corrugated plate and aluminum cans in the double pass design increased the absorber plate temperature and thermal efficiency compared to a conventional single pass solar air heater. Tests were conducted to analyze how factors like time of day, solar insolation, and mass flow rate affected the absorber temperature and thermal efficiency of the modified solar air heater design.
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This document presents a theoretical analysis of the thermal and thermohydraulic performance of solar air heaters with finned absorber plates. Mathematical models are developed to analyze rectangular and triangular finned absorber plates. Effects of mass flow rate on parameters like collector efficiency factor, heat removal factor, temperature rise and efficiency are analyzed. The concept of effective efficiency is introduced to account for both thermal gain and pumping power losses. Results show that finned absorber plates can enhance thermal efficiency by up to 34% compared to flat plate absorbers. However, increased heat transfer also increases pressure drop, so optimization is needed to balance thermal and hydraulic performance.
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1. The document discusses optimizing the efficiency of a solar collector by using a copper tube filled with pebbles as the absorber.
2. Test results showed using the copper tube with pebbles increased maximum air temperature by about 20°C and collector efficiency by about 6% compared to using a plain copper tube.
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IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Solar Air Heater to Increase Heat Transfer R...
This document describes a study on enhancing heat transfer in solar air heaters through the use of artificial surface roughness. An experimental solar air heater was fabricated with an absorber plate containing V-shaped, discrete fins as artificial roughness. Temperature and pressure measurements were taken at various points along the air flow path through the heater over multiple days. The results showed an increase in heat transfer coefficient of 15-35% compared to a smooth surface, demonstrating that artificial roughness is an effective way to improve solar air heater performance.
J1302036468
This document summarizes research on the influence of size parameters such as chimney height and collector diameter on the power output of solar chimney power plants. Theoretical modeling is presented that relates power output to chimney height, collector diameter, temperature difference, solar irradiance, and other factors. Calculations based on this modeling show that increasing chimney height and collector diameter leads to higher power outputs. Graphs demonstrate the relationship between chimney height and collector diameter with power output. The conclusion is that the efficiency and power output of the turbine in a solar chimney power plant increases with larger chimney heights and collector diameters.
Aj4506186190
This document summarizes a study on improving the cooling efficiency of fins in a two-stage reciprocating compressor through finite element analysis and dimensional modification. The existing annular fins are made of aluminum alloy. A finite element model of the fins is created in ANSYS to analyze temperature distribution over time under natural convection conditions. The results show the fins reach room temperature in 30 minutes. The fins are then modified by increasing the number of fins from 11 to 13. Finite element analysis of the modified fins shows cooling time is reduced to 22 minutes. In conclusion, modifying the fin geometry through additional fins improves the cooling rate of the reciprocating compressor.
Solar energy concentration techniques in flat plate collector
The document summarizes research on improving the efficiency of flat plate solar collectors through various concentration techniques. It discusses the limitations of conventional flat plate collectors and reviews studies that have incorporated things like twisted wire coils inside tubes, double glazing, selective coatings including nanoparticles, and optical lenses to increase absorption. Experimental results showed efficiency increases ranging from 5% to 15% compared to standard flat plate collectors without these enhancements. The review concludes that ongoing developments aim to make flat plate collectors more compact and effective through improved materials and designs.
Review on Exergy and Energy Analysis of Solar Air Heater
Review on Exergy and Energy Analysis of Solar Air HeaterInternational Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems
Solar air heater (SAH), which is the most essential component of solar drying systems, receive solar energy and convert it into thermal energy. This review presents descriptions and previous works conducted on performances analysis of SAHs. Exergoenviroeconomic, exergoenvironmental, environmental, and exergy analyses are also presented. In addition, results on the performances of SAHs are summarized. The exergy and energy efficiencies of SAHs at laboratorium testing range from 8% to 61% and from 30% to 79%, respectively.20120140505012
The document summarizes the experimental study of a solar air heater. A solar air heater was designed, fabricated and tested under forced convection mode in Allahabad, India. The air heater's performance was evaluated at different air mass flow rates between 0.023-0.046 kg/s. A maximum efficiency of 85% was achieved at the lowest mass flow rate of 0.023 kg/s. Outlet air temperature was highest for the lowest mass flow rate, with a maximum temperature gain of 28% observed. The study found that the fabricated solar air heater was simple to build with locally available materials and was able to effectively heat air for potential applications.
30120140505021
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate how varying the radius, height, and other dimensions of a solar chimney tower and chimney affect the efficiency and mass flow rate of a solar chimney power plant. The study created axisymmetric models of different plant designs in CFX software and solved conservation equations to simulate air flow and heat transfer. Results showed that chimney height and tower outlet radius are important parameters for improving power output. Optimal dimensions were identified. Contour plots showed changes in pressure, temperature, and velocity with different designs. The study concludes dimension choices involve economic tradeoffs between higher output power and construction costs.
URC_Poster (4)
The document summarizes an experiment to test a surface treatment designed to reduce thermal losses from a solar receiver. Testing involved heating a metal plate with and without the surface treatment and measuring its temperature over time. The treated surface reached a higher steady-state temperature, representing a 7.6% increase, and had a lower heat transfer rate. This suggests the surface treatment could allow solar receivers to operate at higher temperatures and efficiencies. The goal of the project is to help develop a solar power plant with over 11% higher efficiency than previous designs through increased receiver outlet temperatures.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
nternational Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
IRJET- CFD based Performance Analysis of a Roughened Solar Air Heater Duc...
This document presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of heat transfer in a solar air heater duct with artificial roughness. NACA 0030 airfoils were used as the roughness elements on the absorber plate. CFD was used to model air flow and heat transfer for smooth and roughened ducts. The RNG k-epsilon turbulence model provided accurate results compared to experimental data. The CFD analysis found that using NACA 0030 airfoils significantly increased heat transfer rates compared to a smooth duct surface, without significantly increasing friction losses. Correlations were developed for Nusselt number and friction factor that can be used to predict performance of roughened ducts.
274 iitb 274 corrected
The document summarizes research on the suitability of heat exchangers for use as solar receivers in solar thermal power applications. It discusses two main solar collector technologies - point focusing and line focusing collectors - and the receiver design requirements for each. It then outlines the methodology used, which includes designing and fabricating a shell and helical tube heat exchanger, modeling a porous disc line receiver with CFD, simulating different configurations and working fluids, and determining parameters for maximum efficiency. Literature on existing receiver models is reviewed and key findings are summarized. Experimental work involving a shell and helical tube receiver with nanofluid is described and optimization of parameters is discussed. Results from CFD analysis of the porous disc receiver showing heat transfer and fluid
What's hot (20)
A Detailed Review on Artificial Roughness Geometries for Optimizing Thermo-Hy...
A Detailed Review on Artificial Roughness Geometries for Optimizing Thermo-Hy...
IRJET- Optimisation of Solar Collector’s Efficiency using Copper Tube
IRJET- Optimisation of Solar Collector’s Efficiency using Copper Tube
IRJET- Model Development and Performance Enhancement of Solar Pavement Energy...
IRJET- Model Development and Performance Enhancement of Solar Pavement Energy...
DESIGN, SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF A HYBRID-TYPE (PV/T) SOLAR AIR HEATER FOR ...
DESIGN, SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF A HYBRID-TYPE (PV/T) SOLAR AIR HEATER FOR ...
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Solar Air Heater to Increase Heat Transfer R...
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Solar Air Heater to Increase Heat Transfer R...
Solar energy concentration techniques in flat plate collector
Solar energy concentration techniques in flat plate collector
Review on Exergy and Energy Analysis of Solar Air Heater
Review on Exergy and Energy Analysis of Solar Air Heater
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
IRJET- CFD based Performance Analysis of a Roughened Solar Air Heater Duc...
IRJET- CFD based Performance Analysis of a Roughened Solar Air Heater Duc...
Similar to Solar air heater
CFD Analysis of a W Ribbed Roughness Solar Air Heater
Solar air heaters are used to heat up air which can be used for various purposes. Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD has proved to be a boon for researchers to estimate performance of any machine at design stage only. In the present work, a 3 dimensional CFD investigation has been completed of sun powered air radiator to ponder heat exchange and liquid stream conduct in a rectangular pipe of a sun oriented air warmer with one roughened divider having blend of round and square transverse wire rib harshness. The impact of Reynolds number, harshness tallness, unpleasantness pitch, relative unpleasantness pitch and relative harshness stature on the warmth exchange coefficient and rubbing factor have been considered. From the investigation it has been found that, W formed harshness gives better warmth exchange rate as contrast with the V rib unpleasantness under comparable working conditions. The most extreme estimation of Nusselt number for W formed harshness is acquired with the relative unpleasantness pitch P e of 10 past that it begins diminishing. Ram Bahor Prajapati | N. V. Saxena "CFD Analysis of a W-Ribbed Roughness Solar Air Heater" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44964.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/44964/cfd-analysis-of-a-wribbed-roughness-solar-air-heater/ram-bahor-prajapati
Development of Software for Sizing of Axial Flow Fans -- Zeus Numerix
Above Research Paper can be downloaded from www.zeusnumerix.com
The research paper aims to showcase the development of software for the aerodynamic design of cooling tower fans. The software inputs requirements from the user and outputs the 3D CAD of an optimized fan. The software calculates power consumption, efficiency, torque, and sound level of the fan. The software has been found to overpredict the performance by few percentage points due to uncertainty in manufacturing. Authors - Abhishek Jain (Zeus Numerix), Ketan Bhokray (IIT Bombay)
Effect of Different Parameters on the Performance of Rib Roughness Solar Duct
This document summarizes research on the effect of different parameters on the performance of a solar air duct with rib roughness. It was found that:
1) Thermal performance decreases with increasing duct height from 0.030m to 0.045m. Thermal performance is higher for a duct height of 0.030m.
2) Thermal performance increases with increasing duct length from 1.5m to 2.0m. Thermal performance is higher for a solar air heater with a duct length of 2.0m.
3) The highest thermal and effective efficiencies were reported for a relative roughness height (e/D) of 0.020 and relative angle of attack of 60°, validating
CFD Simulation of Solar Air Heater having Inclined Discrete Rib Roughness wit...
This document presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a solar air heater duct with inclined discrete rib roughness and a staggered convex element. The study aims to develop a 3D CFD model to analyze heat transfer and fluid flow performance. Boundary conditions and material properties are defined. A mesh is generated and the RNG k-epsilon turbulence model is used. Results for velocity, temperature, and turbulent kinetic energy contours are presented along with charts showing variations in Nusselt number with Reynolds number and roughness pitch. Inclined discrete ribs with a staggered convex element are found to improve heat transfer in the solar air heater duct.
A Review on Investigation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger For Different Para...
This document reviews research on shell and tube heat exchangers. It discusses how researchers have studied different parameters like tube geometry, baffle arrangement, fluid types, and modeling/simulation methods. The document outlines studies on modifying tube designs with different geometries or diameters. It also reviews work on changing baffle configurations, reducing leakage flows, and comparing performance between fluids. Researchers have developed models using tools like ANSYS, Fluent and MATLAB to simulate performance. Overall the document provides an overview of past work analyzing factors that influence the design and operation of shell and tube heat exchangers.
H046064750
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Parametric study of_centrifugal_fan_performance_ex
This document describes a study of centrifugal fan performance through experiments and numerical simulation. An experimental setup was developed to test fan prototypes and measure flow rate and power consumption. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was also developed and validated against experimental results. Parametric studies were conducted to quantify the effects of number of blades, outlet angle, and diameter ratio on fan performance metrics like power coefficient, flow coefficient, efficiency, and pressure coefficient. The results provide insight on how fan performance is affected by geometric parameters and operating conditions.
FEDSM2012-72091
This document describes a study that used multi-objective optimization to improve the efficiency of centrifugal pump impellers. The study used computational fluid dynamics simulations and genetic algorithms to optimize impeller blade designs. Two application examples were considered. The first optimized a design with 14 parameters and achieved a 2% efficiency improvement over the baseline design. The second optimized a design with 8 parameters and achieved a 1% efficiency gain and 2m head increase. Overall, the multi-objective optimization approach was able to produce designs with better efficiency and head characteristics than the baseline designs.
A Study on Various Heat Transfer Enhancement Techniques
This document summarizes research on various heat transfer enhancement techniques, including wavy fins, louvered fins, and different tube shapes. It discusses how constructal theory can be used to optimize the configuration of wavy and louvered fins to improve thermal performance. Several studies that analyzed parameters like fin pitch and louver angle are summarized. The results showed that an optimal design using constructal theory can improve heat transfer by 14-32% while maintaining pressure drop. For wavy fins, an amplitude ratio of around 0.7 performed well. The document also analyzes different tube shapes, finding that a circular cross-section performed most efficiently, with lower turbulence than elliptical or oval shapes.
poster
This document summarizes a study on improving the effectiveness of solar air heaters (SAHs) by using perforated multi-V ribs with double pass parallel flow. The objectives are to enhance the thermal performance of SAHs and compare new geometries to existing ones. The researchers will analyze parameters like Reynolds number, Nusselt number, and friction factor by plotting graphs. Previous work has shown that artificial roughness like repeated ribs improves SAH efficiency over flat plates, but with increased friction. The researchers plan to experiment with a reference plate using multi-V ribs and study a double pass design, which no prior work has analyzed. They will use Dittus-Boelter and modified Blassius equations and acknowledge support
Thermo Hydraulic Performance of a Curved Solar Air Heater with Different Shap...
In contrast to the flat plate SAH design, curved designs of solar air heater ducts show substantial improvement in thermal characteristics, with the former showing a slight decrease in hydraulic efficiency. The creation of secondary vortices resulting in the mixing flow is demonstrated by curved SAH due to the centrifugal effect. In addition, the creation of dean vortices increases the rate of heat transfer in curved SAH. In flat plate SAH, these results are absent. In this present work, a three dimensional CFD analysis was carried out in a Curved duct of a solar air heater with a upper roughened wall with down configuration ribs having shape of half triangular, full triangular, and semi circular to investigate the heat transfer and flow behavior. The simulation programme ANSYS 17.0 was used for study of the heat transfer physiognomies of a curved duct of a solar air heater. The curved solar air heater with triangular rib roughness on the absorber plate has been found to yield improved results relative to the half triangular and semi circular rib and can thus be used to increase the heat transfer. The maximum enhancement in Nusselt number is found to be in triangular shaped ribs, which is 1.112 times that of half triangular corresponding to at a Reynolds number of 15,000 for the investigated range of parameters. Satish Sahu | Prof. Animesh Singhai "Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of a Curved Solar Air Heater with Different Shaped down Turbulators using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/38546/thermohydraulic-performance-of-a-curved-solar-air-heater-with-different-shaped-down-turbulators-using-cfd/satish-sahu
CFD Analysis of Double Pass Foldable Cum Portable Solar Air Heater
1) A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed on a double pass, foldable and portable solar air heater to analyze parameters like outlet air temperature, velocity, and absorber plate temperatures.
2) The CFD model was created in ANSYS Fluent and the RNG k-ε turbulence model with discrete transfer radiation model was used. Material properties were defined and boundary conditions were applied based on experimental conditions.
3) Simulation results from 1-5pm showed a maximum outlet temperature of 56.08°C at 2pm and maximum temperature rise of 16.25°C at 3pm, with outlet velocities around 1.2 m/s. Results agreed well with experimental values.
A comparatively analysis of plate type H.E. and helical type H.E. using ANOVA...
This document compares plate type and helical type heat exchangers using ANOVA analysis. It first describes the design and operation of each type of heat exchanger. It then outlines the methodology used, including equations for heat transfer coefficients and an overview of ANOVA analysis. The results section describes the design of each heat exchanger in CATIA software and presents graphs comparing their pressure drops and R2 regression factors. Finally, it concludes the plate heat exchanger offers advantages in terms of space, heat transfer efficiency, turbulence, flexibility and lifespan.
Numerical Investigation of Air Cooled Condensers using Different Refrigerants
Condensers are an integral part of refrigeration system. The current research reviews existing work conducted on improving the design and performance of condenser by varying design and operating conditions. The comparative studies between different types of condensers on the basis of COP coefficient of performance , energy consumption, refrigeration capacity are also presented. The effect of operational parameters and other factors along with development of empirical correlation on performance is also presented. Raghvendra Thakur | Ashwini Bhoi "Numerical Investigation of Air Cooled Condensers using Different Refrigerants" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49161.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/49161/numerical-investigation-of-air-cooled-condensers-using-different-refrigerants/raghvendra-thakur
Solar air heater : Thermal performance analysis.pptx
Solar air heaters are one of the important devices to utilize solar energy. It is an important device to convert solar energy into heat energy economically.
IRJET- Design the Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger with the Help of Programming ...
This document discusses the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger using MATLAB software. It begins with an abstract that outlines how heat exchangers transfer heat between fluids and research into increasing heat exchanger effectiveness. It then provides background on heat exchangers and discusses prior research on improving shell and tube heat exchanger design, notably methods developed by Kern, Tinker, Bell, Saunders, Taborek, Wills and Johnston, and others. The document indicates that while hand calculations were used historically, computer programs are now widely employed for heat exchanger design.
IRJET- Thermal Analysis on Solar Air Heater Duct
This document summarizes a numerical study on the effects of transverse rectangular ribs on heat transfer properties in a solar air heater duct. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to analyze thin and square ribs arranged in single, staggered, and inline patterns. The simulations found that introducing ribs significantly increased heat transfer compared to a smooth duct. Thin ribs performed better than square ribs. Inline thin ribs produced a 1.83 times higher heat transfer coefficient than the smooth duct. Reynolds number increases led to higher Nusselt numbers for all cases. Staggered ribs had lower heat transfer than inline ribs. The study provides conclusions on rib effects and turbulence model selection for predicting solar air heater performance.
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...
Artificial roughness is an efficient way for increasing the heat transfer rate in solar air heater with the
corresponding improvement in its thermal performance. A viscous sub-layer is responsible for the low heat
transfer coefficient between absorber plate and flowing air. Repeated ribs in form of artificial roughness are an
effective way to increase the heat transfer rate and improving the performance of solar air heater. Artificial
roughness of the absorber plate is much economical and effective way to improve the thermal performance of
solar air heater. Several investigators have done various investigations to improve heat transfer coefficient with
little penalty of friction factor. They have also developed different correlation for heat transfer coefficient and
friction factor. The correlations developed for heat transfer and friction factor by various investigators have been
reviewed and presented.
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...
Artificial roughness is an efficient way for increasing the heat transfer rate in solar air heater with the
corresponding improvement in its thermal performance. A viscous sub-layer is responsible for the low heat
transfer coefficient between absorber plate and flowing air. Repeated ribs in form of artificial roughness are an
effective way to increase the heat transfer rate and improving the performance of solar air heater. Artificial
roughness of the absorber plate is much economical and effective way to improve the thermal performance of
solar air heater. Several investigators have done various investigations to improve heat transfer coefficient with
little penalty of friction factor. They have also developed different correlation for heat transfer coefficient and
friction factor. The correlations developed for heat transfer and friction factor by various investigators have been
reviewed and presented.
dst2
The document outlines the objectives and methodology for a project to analyze and develop a compact vapor jet refrigeration system. The key objectives are to optimize the ejector design using single and multiple swirls, provide a full opening around the primary nozzle, analyze performance with new working fluids, design and test a 1 TR refrigeration system, and conduct experiments. The methodology involves theoretical analysis, designing and fabricating system components, flow visualization studies on the ejector, experimentation on the ejector and system, and performance analysis. The work is split into common elements and technical elements related to the ejector and system design.
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CFD Analysis of a W Ribbed Roughness Solar Air Heater
CFD Analysis of a W Ribbed Roughness Solar Air Heater
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Effect of Different Parameters on the Performance of Rib Roughness Solar Duct
CFD Simulation of Solar Air Heater having Inclined Discrete Rib Roughness wit...
CFD Simulation of Solar Air Heater having Inclined Discrete Rib Roughness wit...
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A Review on Investigation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger For Different Para...
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Parametric study of_centrifugal_fan_performance_ex
A Study on Various Heat Transfer Enhancement Techniques
A Study on Various Heat Transfer Enhancement Techniques
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Thermo Hydraulic Performance of a Curved Solar Air Heater with Different Shap...
CFD Analysis of Double Pass Foldable Cum Portable Solar Air Heater
CFD Analysis of Double Pass Foldable Cum Portable Solar Air Heater
A comparatively analysis of plate type H.E. and helical type H.E. using ANOVA...
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Solar air heater : Thermal performance analysis.pptx
Solar air heater : Thermal performance analysis.pptx
IRJET- Design the Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger with the Help of Programming ...
IRJET- Design the Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger with the Help of Programming ...
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...
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This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
官方认证美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样
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Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
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一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION for seminar ppt.pdf
BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION
AND CLASSIFICATION USING
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
学校原版美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
哪里办理(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptx
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
› ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) | Definitio
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IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...
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artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptx
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Solar air heater
- 1. SOLAR AIR HEATER GUIDE: MEMBERS: Mr. Varun Pratap Singh Riya (Asst. Prof. ME Dept.) FINAL YEAR PROJECT
- 2. Content Introduction Literature Review Gap Finding Objective Function Parameter and range selection Reference Setup CAD Design Prototype making Real scale setup construction/fabrication and installation Component of setup Constructed Setup Testing and Equipment
- 3. Introduction Solar Scope India and World Type Solar Air Heater Artificial Roughness Shapes
- 4. Literature Review Solar air heater from the major component of solar energy utilization system which absorbs the incoming solar radiations , converting it into thermal energy at the absorbing surface , in transferring the energy to a fluid flowing collector. The efficiency of flat plate solar air heater has been found to be low convective heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and the flowing air which increases the absorber plate temperature , leading to high heat losses to the environment resulting in low thermal efficiency of such collectors. Artificial roughness in the form of repeated ribs the most effective and economic way of improving the thermal performance of solar air heater.
- 5. Gap Finding From the Literature review we conclude that the Multi V ribs with gap gave highest enhancement in nusselt number , however there was a very high enhancement in friction factor also. All the research work is done on Single pass SAH so we worked upon the Double pass SAH. From Literature review we also conclude that by providing turbulence ( Ribs ) the SAH is more efficient than Flat plate SAH.
- 6. Objective Function The major objective of this work is to find out the ways to improve effectiveness of SAH by integration of Artificial Roughness Solar Air Heater By Using Perforated Multi V Ribs with Double Pass Parallel Flow. The second objective is to come out with new shape and geometry to enhance effectiveness of SAH and compare it with other existing geometries and find out gaps and limitations of that shape.
- 7. Selection of Parameters and its ranges Equations Used are DITTUS BOELTER and MODIFIED BLASSIUS EQUATION. Parameters Used are Raynolds Number , Nusselt number , Friction factor and we have to find out variation in between these parameters with respect to other by plotting graphs.
- 8. PARAMETERS
- 9. SOME SHAPES
- 10. Re V/s Nu
- 11. Re V/s F
- 12. Reference Setup CAD Design Reference Setup CAD Design
- 14. DIFFERENT VIEWS OF SETUP
- 16. Components of Setup Glass Plate Wooden Box Blower Halogen Lamp Setup Plates
- 17. Testing and Measurement Equipment's Anemometer Lux Meter Digital Thermometer Tilted U tube Manometer Mercury Manometer