1) The US has high income inequality, with the top 1% earning 40% of income and the bottom 90% seeing little growth from 1966-2011. Higher education plays a role, as 55% of top earners have degrees vs only 8% of bottom earners.
2) Education leads to higher lifetime earnings - $1.1M without HS, $1.8M with associates, $2.8M with masters. As jobs require more skills, education is key to economic opportunity.
3) However, high college costs block access for many lower-income students. More support is needed to promote equal access to education and reduce inequality.
UNIVERSITY TUITION
State legislature tries to delay dramatic increase in university cost
The increase in university costs since 2003, when they were deregulated, has been three times that of salaries
Jorge Luis Sierra
Dec. 17, 2008
La Voz de Houston
UNIVERSITY TUITION
State legislature tries to delay dramatic increase in university cost
The increase in university costs since 2003, when they were deregulated, has been three times that of salaries
Jorge Luis Sierra
Dec. 17, 2008
La Voz de Houston
This is from my presentation at Augusta State University's 2011 Women's Studies Symposium, FINDING Our (Grass)Roots: Activism, Theory, and the Future of Feminism.
A college degree is practically a prerequisite for economic mobility, but the potential students who need one the most often find it hardest to afford. Jim Wolfston, Founder and President, CollegeNET and Katie Bardaro, Lead Economist, PayScale spoke about the problem of making college accessible for low-income students, and how to help them embark on successful careers, post-graduation.
The Employability Gap: Five Ways to Improve Employability Outcomes in Higher EdMichael Bettersworth
Colleges are rewarded for enrollment numbers and there is increasing attention on graduation rates, yet very little if any attention is paid to student placement and earnings. Considering the massive investment required for higher education, aren't these valuable measures as well? In this session, Michael Bettersworth makes the case why degrees increasingly matter less, competencies are the real currency, and student success is about much more than enrollment numbers or graduation rates. It's also about getting a job.
Michael Bettersworth is the associate vice chancellor for technology advancement at the Texas State Technical College System. Shortly after joining TSTC in 2002, Michael founded TSTC Forecasting to identify and analyze new technical competencies needed by employers. The core purpose of this work is to improve student employability through curriculum alignment with market demand. TSTC Forecasting has published over 28 studies on emerging technologies and occupations leading to new college curriculum in nanotechnology, biotechnology, energy, video games, manufacturing, healthcare among other topics. New studies are currently underway in big data, unmanned aerial systems, and social media. Michael's current work focuses on the development of a new higher education funding model based on exiter earnings, the use of real-time labor market data for curriculum alignment, college program evaluations using placement and earnings data, and curriculum development through a common skills language in partnership with the Texas Workforce Commission. Michael is an unconventional thinker, an informed speaker, and a staunch advocate for the important role of education in our nation's shared prosperity.
Visit www.forecasting.tstc.edu for Forecasts and follow Michael @bettersworth
Omar FallatahEnglish 101 Mr. Andrew Vanden BosschePove.docxhopeaustin33688
Omar Fallatah
English 101
Mr. Andrew Vanden Bossche
Poverty has negatively affected the Education in America
There are almost 2,7 million
The most people who have effected by poverty are low income.
They extremely have a hard time to build their future. According to the New York Times, “Another 2.6 million people slipped into poverty in the United States last year. According to the Census Bureau reported , and the number of Americans living below the official poverty line, 46.2 million people, was the highest number in the 52 years the bureau has been publishing figures on it. And in new signs of distress among the middle class, median household incomes fell last year to levels last seen in 1996.Lower income families who have a large number of children will accord this problem .The households can't cover the home needing. They have not the all ability to cover the family needing. There are many issues that really impact these people. There is so much stuff for lower income to cover in united state. They must to buy car insurance, health insurance, school tuition and others households needing."
By the year 2020, the majority of students in America's public schools will be living in circumstances that will categorize them as at risk of educational failure. A person's education is closely linked to the individual's life chances, income, and well being"
(Battle and Lewis 2002). Moreover, in the last ten years, there was growing a huge gap between the top income class and the less income class
There are three issues which are the most effected the education in America. They are food supply, The lower income people can't provide enough food for themselves. The households are having a hard time to provide en enough food for their children. Drop-off in the reach of U.S. summer nutrition programs in 2010 and ongoing budget-cutting at state and local levels suggest that many schoolchildren in the United States will face another summer of hunger this year. According to a new report from the Food Research and Action Center, despite record numbers of children receiving free and reduced-price meals during the 2009-10 school years, participation in federal summer nutrition programs fell nationally in 2010. FRAC reports that in July 2010 only 15 children received nutrition aid for every 100 low-income students who received lunch during the 2009-10 school years. The food supply is really affected the kids to be success in their school. The way to solve this issue is must provide enough food that could be useful to a void . " One in eight Americans — 37 million — received emergency food help last year, up 46% from 2005, the nation's largest hunger-relief group reports today. Children are hit particularly hard, according to the report by Feeding America, a network of 203 food banks nationwide. One in five children, 14 million, received food from soup kitchens, food pantries and other agencies, up from 9 million in 2005, the year of the group's la.
EDITORIAL College Free for AllAs the Democratic and Republi.docxSALU18
EDITORIAL College Free for All?
A
s the Democratic and Republican conventions loom on the horizon, higher education has not been a widely or deeply discussed issue. This is unfortunate. The economic security of the American people requires that each generation be educated to confront the social, environmental and technological challenges of our time and to appreciate the arts and literature, which nourish the personal and national soul.
This calls for greater access to a college or university education. U.S. leaders once hoped that by 2025, 60 percent of the population would be college-educated. So far it is closer to 30 percent. The curse of inequality continues to isolate the ruling elite from the common public. The average male high school dropout might earn $24,000 a year. One with a fouryear college degree might make $52,000, while an advanced degree could merit $67,000. On a salary of $62,000 a family might enjoy a comfortable lifestyle; but the average college graduate moves into public life overburdened by college debts.
A college education today is not a luxury; for many careers it is a personal necessity as well as a social good. Senator Bernie Sanders has proposed that the government should guarantee tuition for every student in a public university, which is 75 percent of the student population. This would be paid for by a tax on Wall Street. Hillary Clinton’s plan would spend $350 million in states that increase their funding, tighten rules on for-profit colleges, have students work for 10 hours a week and allow families to pay according to their income. Her plan would also offer some help to private colleges with high numbers of needy students. Jeb Bush offered the student a $50,000 line of credit to be repaid through federal income taxes over 25 years. Marco Rubio would “fundamentally overhaul higher ed” and supports night school and online degree programs.
A variety of theories explain the rising college costs at public institutions as a recent phenomenon. Critics blame luxurious dormitories and athletic centers and high-salaried administrators and professors. In many cases state legislators have lowered funding year by year, forcing public universities to raise tuition. High tuition can also be falsely perceived as a sign of quality, leading wealthier students to enroll and middle-class strivers to sacrifice and follow.
Proponents of free tuition, at least for the lower middle class, point to Germany, Finland, Norway and Sweden, all of which offer a free college education. It is “free” because fewer students attend college in these countries than in the United States and because citizens are willing to pay much higher income taxes. In the United States, with 50 different state educational systems, California’s public colleges were free until 50 years ago; and Tennessee, Oregon and the city of Chicago have recently provided or will soon provide free tuition for two-year colleges.
Whatever its limitations, the Sanders prog ...
This is from my presentation at Augusta State University's 2011 Women's Studies Symposium, FINDING Our (Grass)Roots: Activism, Theory, and the Future of Feminism.
A college degree is practically a prerequisite for economic mobility, but the potential students who need one the most often find it hardest to afford. Jim Wolfston, Founder and President, CollegeNET and Katie Bardaro, Lead Economist, PayScale spoke about the problem of making college accessible for low-income students, and how to help them embark on successful careers, post-graduation.
The Employability Gap: Five Ways to Improve Employability Outcomes in Higher EdMichael Bettersworth
Colleges are rewarded for enrollment numbers and there is increasing attention on graduation rates, yet very little if any attention is paid to student placement and earnings. Considering the massive investment required for higher education, aren't these valuable measures as well? In this session, Michael Bettersworth makes the case why degrees increasingly matter less, competencies are the real currency, and student success is about much more than enrollment numbers or graduation rates. It's also about getting a job.
Michael Bettersworth is the associate vice chancellor for technology advancement at the Texas State Technical College System. Shortly after joining TSTC in 2002, Michael founded TSTC Forecasting to identify and analyze new technical competencies needed by employers. The core purpose of this work is to improve student employability through curriculum alignment with market demand. TSTC Forecasting has published over 28 studies on emerging technologies and occupations leading to new college curriculum in nanotechnology, biotechnology, energy, video games, manufacturing, healthcare among other topics. New studies are currently underway in big data, unmanned aerial systems, and social media. Michael's current work focuses on the development of a new higher education funding model based on exiter earnings, the use of real-time labor market data for curriculum alignment, college program evaluations using placement and earnings data, and curriculum development through a common skills language in partnership with the Texas Workforce Commission. Michael is an unconventional thinker, an informed speaker, and a staunch advocate for the important role of education in our nation's shared prosperity.
Visit www.forecasting.tstc.edu for Forecasts and follow Michael @bettersworth
Omar FallatahEnglish 101 Mr. Andrew Vanden BosschePove.docxhopeaustin33688
Omar Fallatah
English 101
Mr. Andrew Vanden Bossche
Poverty has negatively affected the Education in America
There are almost 2,7 million
The most people who have effected by poverty are low income.
They extremely have a hard time to build their future. According to the New York Times, “Another 2.6 million people slipped into poverty in the United States last year. According to the Census Bureau reported , and the number of Americans living below the official poverty line, 46.2 million people, was the highest number in the 52 years the bureau has been publishing figures on it. And in new signs of distress among the middle class, median household incomes fell last year to levels last seen in 1996.Lower income families who have a large number of children will accord this problem .The households can't cover the home needing. They have not the all ability to cover the family needing. There are many issues that really impact these people. There is so much stuff for lower income to cover in united state. They must to buy car insurance, health insurance, school tuition and others households needing."
By the year 2020, the majority of students in America's public schools will be living in circumstances that will categorize them as at risk of educational failure. A person's education is closely linked to the individual's life chances, income, and well being"
(Battle and Lewis 2002). Moreover, in the last ten years, there was growing a huge gap between the top income class and the less income class
There are three issues which are the most effected the education in America. They are food supply, The lower income people can't provide enough food for themselves. The households are having a hard time to provide en enough food for their children. Drop-off in the reach of U.S. summer nutrition programs in 2010 and ongoing budget-cutting at state and local levels suggest that many schoolchildren in the United States will face another summer of hunger this year. According to a new report from the Food Research and Action Center, despite record numbers of children receiving free and reduced-price meals during the 2009-10 school years, participation in federal summer nutrition programs fell nationally in 2010. FRAC reports that in July 2010 only 15 children received nutrition aid for every 100 low-income students who received lunch during the 2009-10 school years. The food supply is really affected the kids to be success in their school. The way to solve this issue is must provide enough food that could be useful to a void . " One in eight Americans — 37 million — received emergency food help last year, up 46% from 2005, the nation's largest hunger-relief group reports today. Children are hit particularly hard, according to the report by Feeding America, a network of 203 food banks nationwide. One in five children, 14 million, received food from soup kitchens, food pantries and other agencies, up from 9 million in 2005, the year of the group's la.
EDITORIAL College Free for AllAs the Democratic and Republi.docxSALU18
EDITORIAL College Free for All?
A
s the Democratic and Republican conventions loom on the horizon, higher education has not been a widely or deeply discussed issue. This is unfortunate. The economic security of the American people requires that each generation be educated to confront the social, environmental and technological challenges of our time and to appreciate the arts and literature, which nourish the personal and national soul.
This calls for greater access to a college or university education. U.S. leaders once hoped that by 2025, 60 percent of the population would be college-educated. So far it is closer to 30 percent. The curse of inequality continues to isolate the ruling elite from the common public. The average male high school dropout might earn $24,000 a year. One with a fouryear college degree might make $52,000, while an advanced degree could merit $67,000. On a salary of $62,000 a family might enjoy a comfortable lifestyle; but the average college graduate moves into public life overburdened by college debts.
A college education today is not a luxury; for many careers it is a personal necessity as well as a social good. Senator Bernie Sanders has proposed that the government should guarantee tuition for every student in a public university, which is 75 percent of the student population. This would be paid for by a tax on Wall Street. Hillary Clinton’s plan would spend $350 million in states that increase their funding, tighten rules on for-profit colleges, have students work for 10 hours a week and allow families to pay according to their income. Her plan would also offer some help to private colleges with high numbers of needy students. Jeb Bush offered the student a $50,000 line of credit to be repaid through federal income taxes over 25 years. Marco Rubio would “fundamentally overhaul higher ed” and supports night school and online degree programs.
A variety of theories explain the rising college costs at public institutions as a recent phenomenon. Critics blame luxurious dormitories and athletic centers and high-salaried administrators and professors. In many cases state legislators have lowered funding year by year, forcing public universities to raise tuition. High tuition can also be falsely perceived as a sign of quality, leading wealthier students to enroll and middle-class strivers to sacrifice and follow.
Proponents of free tuition, at least for the lower middle class, point to Germany, Finland, Norway and Sweden, all of which offer a free college education. It is “free” because fewer students attend college in these countries than in the United States and because citizens are willing to pay much higher income taxes. In the United States, with 50 different state educational systems, California’s public colleges were free until 50 years ago; and Tennessee, Oregon and the city of Chicago have recently provided or will soon provide free tuition for two-year colleges.
Whatever its limitations, the Sanders prog ...
Editorial The Privileges of The Parentsby Margaret A. MillerF.docxjack60216
Editorial: The Privileges of The Parents
by Margaret A. Miller
February 2008 ChangeThe apple doesn't fall far from the tree. —Folk saying
Paul Barton and Anthony Carnevale, in their articles in this issue, are in fundamental disagreement about the economy’s need for college-educated workers. What they don’t disagree about, though, are the benefits that accrue to individuals from having a college education. Barton and Carnevale focus on the economic benefits—the wage differentials between those with a high-school education or even some college and those with a bachelor’s degree or higher (which is one reason we need to graduate students, not just admit them). But when it comes to the private benefits of higher education, possibly even more important is how advanced intellectual abilities help people navigate contemporary life.
We have to do so many things that other people used to do for us, from making our own plane reservations to making choices about our health to planning for our security in old age (someone has called this the “democratization of risk,” although with a $30 trillion shortfall projected for Social Security and Medicare, it’s more like the “privatization of risk”). We have to be able to hop from job to job without loss of momentum as we acquire new skills and knowledge. We have to deal with a wider variety of people in this country and in an increasingly constricted world. We need to fill out FAFSA forms for our children (there, even a doctorate may not be enough!)
So I was aware of the stakes when my daughter-in-law told me about a friend of hers who hasn’t been to college—indeed, hasn’t been in this country for long. This friend, while having no collegiate ambitions for herself, is very ambitious for her son and is determined that he will go to college. But when they spend the afternoon together, Beth no-
tices a difference between herself and the other mother. “She tells him to study,” Beth says, “but she can’t help him with the content, and she doesn’ know that she needs to really push him to do his homework for a certain amount of time after school every day.”
I thought of that story when I opened a chart recently produced by Tom Mortenson, which shows the correlation between parental education and children’s grades. Sure enough, the more highly educated the parents, the higher the grades of their children: 60.6 percent of children whose parents have advanced degrees get mostly A’s, whereas only 27.8 percent of high-school dropouts’ children do.
That differential comes about in innumerable small, intangible ways. For instance, educated parents use a wider vocabulary in speaking to their infants than their less-educated counterparts do. According to ETS’s recently released The Family: America’s Smallest School, “by age 4, the average child in a professional family hears about 20 million more words than the average child in a working-class family.” Children of educated mothers are also almost twice as likely to be re ...
Art History 102 Assignment #1 – DUE 02 MARCH 2016 .docxdavezstarr61655
Art History 102
Assignment #1 – DUE 02 MARCH 2016
Façade of the Pazzi Chapel, Interior of the Pazzi Chapel (looking NE),
Santa Croce, Florence, Italy Santa Croce, Florence, Italy
You are to write a short, 3-page essay on Brunelleschi’s Pazzi Chapel, located in Florence, Italy.
Why does this monument have a significant place in the development of architecture? How does
this building conform to the architect’s style? What influenced Brunelleschi’s goal of creating a
centralized effect to his structures? Make sure you have a clear introduction, body and
conclusion to your essay.
Formatting: use double-spaced, Times New Roman 12-point
font, with 1 in margins!
Also, be sure to cite your sources according to the MLA style guide. If you are using an
online article or book source, you must print out the page that contains the information you
are citing as well as citing it correctly in your bibliography.
TU 1
Huayou Tu
Instructor Danielle Schleicher
ENGL 112
15 February 2016
The economic impact of student loans
A good education is one of the hallmarks of a thriving country, children get fundamental knowledge all through their childhood, and when they are old enough, they move on to universities and colleges where they get to specialize and prepare themselves for their careers. Over the last two decades, the economic conditions in the United States of America have tended to favor job seekers who have gone through a college education. Increasingly, the path to the American dream lay though varsities (Avery and Turner). As increasing numbers of young people are choosing to further their education post high school, the costs of attending four-year colleges have soared; it is becoming increasingly impossible to attend these institutions without the help of student loans. At the end of 2015 Americans owed 1.2 trillion dollars in student debt, this significant amount has the potential to affect the American economy in subtle ways. The increase in college education leads to a corresponding increase in student loans this negatively affects the economy (Akers and Chingos).
Increasing numbers of economists and education stakeholders are alarmed at the rate in which the cumulative amount of student debt is growing in America. Most people in analyzing the situation, are prone to comparing the current generation of students with the generation of students in the 70' and 80,s, back then, it was possible to attend school and work part-time to afford education. The ability to go to college and not be saddled with debt afterwards affords one certain liberties, young people could afford to buy homes and have children (Brown, Haughwout and Scally). Most people observing current educational trends are worried that the increasing amounts student debt holds young people from participating in the activities of their parents. These activities include buying homes and building .
C ommentariesEnding Childhood Poverty in America 0c—Mari.docxjasoninnes20
C ommentaries
Ending Childhood Poverty in America 0c—
Marian Wright Edelman
From the Children’s Defense Fund, Washington, DC
The author reports no conflicts of interest.
Address correspondence to Marian Wright Edelman, Children’s Defense Fund, 25 E St NW, Washington, DC 20001 (e-mail: [email protected]
childrensdefense.org).
A cademic Pediatrics 2016;16:S6-S7
SARAH IS 3 years old. She and her 6-year-old brother,
Bryce, are inseparable except when it’s time for him to visit
the summer food program that provides meals at a school
near their Ohio home for children who otherwise would
go hungry. Sarah’s too young to make the trip. One morn
ing after Bryce had his fill of food for the day he made a
detour before heading home. He walked to the trash cans
and began rummaging through food others threw away.
Winnie Brewer, the Food Services Supervisor in Marion
City Schools, noticed the little boy and tapped him on
the shoulder to ask why he was sifting through the garbage.
“My little sister,” he explained. “She's hungry.” Bringing
her leftover food was the only way he knew to help.
“We run into a lot of situations where kids will come and
say they have younger siblings at home,” Brewer says.
“They always want to know if they can take something
back.” After Brewer spoke with Bryce, staff members fol
lowed him home with a care package for little Sarah. This
was a temporary solution to a huge problem Brewer
worries about every day. “Until we see that child digging
food out of a trash can, it doesn’t hit home,” Brewer
says. “When it does, you know you have to do something.”
Sarah and Bryce (not their real names) are far from
alone. Hunger is only one of the dangerous risks of growing
up poor in rich America. Despite 6 years of economic re
covery, children remain the poorest group in America
and the younger they are the poorer they are. The United
States has the second highest child poverty rate among
35 industrialized countries despite having the largest econ
omy in the world. More than 1 in 5 children in America
(21.1%) were living in poverty in 2014, compared with
13.5% of people ages 18 to 64 years and 10% of those
aged 65 years and older. Nearly 1 in 4 children younger
than the age of 5 years (23.8%) are poor during some of
the years of greatest brain development. Seventy percent
of the 15.5 million poor children in America were children
of color— who already constitute most of our nation’s
youngest children and will be the majority of all the chil
dren in our nation by 2020.
Poverty hurts children, creates opportunity gaps that can
last a lifetime, and hurts the nation’s economy. The toxic
stress of early poverty stunts children’s emotional and
physical development and increases the likelihood of
poor academic achievement and dropping out of high
school, which then increases the likelihood of unemploy
ment, economic hardship, and involvement in the criminal
justice system as an adult. These effects ...
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
Sociology artifact 2
1. HIGHER EDUCATION : MERIT BASED OR MONEY BASED ?
The United States, as the world's leading GDP of $15,684,800,000,000 apparently has its
40% of the economy depend on the top one percent Americans, according to the Federal Reserve
Bank. The slogan of Uncle Sam that "all men have equal opportunity" is then more doubted due
to a report by a Pulitzer Prize winning journalist David Johnston, that says the bottom 90% of
Americans income grew only $59 from 1966 to 2011, while the top 10% Americans rose by
$116,071. Perhaps the finding by Steve Hargreaves in CNN Money could help trace the origin of
this huge social status gap; as Hargreaves defined rich as the top 25% income and poor for the
bottom 25%, he found there are 55% of the rich who received 4 year degree education compared
to only 8% of the poor. While the US is a home to 45 of the world's best universities, the high
cost of attending college, which averaged $22,092 in 2011 (US Dept. of Education), is clearly
blocking the dream of 25% of Americans whose annual income are less than $30,000 (DeNavas-
Walt).
Education is a great investment to have a better job and thus a better life. A study found
that although men could work instead of attending school, there is a progressive relationship
between work-life earnings and level of education (Laurent). For non-high school graduate
American men, the work life earnings are $1.1 million, for a person with an associate's degree,
the earnings are $1.8 million, and $2.8 million for a person with master's degree. In addition, a
study also shows that since 2008, the US economy has shifted from an industrial to an
information based economy, and therefore there is higher demand for highly educated workers
while lower skilled laborers are in less demand and make lower wages. Thus, these studies prove
how as the rich families educate and send their kids to higher education, they can earn higher
income, whereas the poor cannot send their kids to higher education. As a result, their earning
power is limited, and thus creating an even bigger gap. Since the top universities nowadays favor
the rich, changing the educational system would be an efficient solution to stabilize the
inequality of economic outcome in the US by generating more well educated lower-income
people. In other words, the lower income people could gain higher salary jobs and thus
narrowing inequality rate.
In order to help students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds to access a good
education, government need to support them financially. Currently, the US government provides
$125 billion of merit and need based financial aid which include grants, work-study, and loans
(Schweitzer) . According to a recent survey by The Hamilton Project, Caroline Hoxby and Sarah
Turner have offered a critique that on average only 10% of the low-income students benefit from
the financial aid. According to Ross Douthat, a writer at The Atlantic, the problem is that the
2. financial aid that is given at the early admissions programs are mostly taken by the wealthy
students whose guidance counselor knows about it. In addition, because the rich kids have better
facility to study, the merit-based scholarships that only rely on test scores instead of the obstacles
would not work for the lower socioeconomic students.
Top universities with credentials guarantee students to gain better jobs after they
graduate. This guarantee is greater for the legacy students, or those who are a family of an
alumni of that institution. The problem is, according to research by Harvard University, legacy
status at 30 highly selective colleges increases the probability of admission by 23.3 percent and
45.1 percent increase if the parent attended the college (Ashburn). On the perspective of the
university, legacy status increases the loyalty to that university and thus allows more donations
received especially when that university does not rely entirely on public funding. The US News
recorded that between 2011 and 2012, the financial endowment to the University of Michigan-
Ann Arbor was $7.6 million while to the Harvard University was $30 billion. Similarly, on the
perspective of the rich parents, legacy status is a great way to achieve their ambitions to send
their kids to an elite university. Indeed, Lacy Crawford, an independent college application
counselor for 15 years; demonstrates that "If a parent went to a college, it’s a legacy school and it
goes at the top of the list [of the college application]". Similarly, the New York Times also
reported that Princeton's class of 2015 opened up 33% spot to children of alumni, compared with
Harvard who admits 30%, and Yale for 20-25% (Paul).
Most students demand to go to good ranked university. Conversely, every top universities
want to keep their ranking because that is how they get more funding. The Atlantic magazine
states that the schools inclined to the wealthy students to keep its ranking high because the
rankings rely on statistics such as average SAT scores, alumni giving and financial resources that
are easily satisfied by the high income family. Indeed, the chance for American to get bachelor's
degree by twenty-four years old is one in two for family with annual income over $90,000, but
one in ten if the family's income is between $35,000 and $61,000 (Douthat).
The rich students have such brilliant personal statement as well as SAT scores because they
could afford a lot of courses and some students even get their personal statement done by paying
a personal counselor of $7,500 (Crawford).
The idea of balancing individual income gap in the US is not another form of socialism,
but rather a way to promote a more fair national society, where there is no control by the
preexisting hierarchies. The huge social status gap that is in tune with the disparity of education
opportunity proves the importance of education in contributing to a balanced economy.
3. Education offers a direct solution to the root cause of income gap, that is it provides laborers
with the appropriate skill that gives them higher paying jobs. Education has a long term effect as
it builds a more highly skilled society. Government's promotion on equal education opportunity
is meant to shift up the annual earnings for lower socioeconomics students. Though impossible
to fully close the US' huge social gap, education is at least the fundamental basis to bring down
the income inequality gap in the US.
WORKS CITED
Ashburn, Elyse. "Legacy's Advantage May Be Greater Than was Thought". The Chronicle. 5
Jan. 2011. Web. 10 Nov. 2013.
Crawford, Lacy. "Tutor Reveals Ivy-Admissions Madness of Rich Penthouse Parents". New York
Post. 25 Aug. 2013. Web. 8 Oct. 2013.
DeNavas-Walt,, Carmen, Bernadette Proctor, and Jessica Smith. "Income, Poverty, and Health
Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2012." US Census Bureau, Sept. 2013. Web. 10 Nov.
2013.
Douthat, Ross. "Does Meritocracy Work?" The Atlantic. 1 Nov. 2005. Web. 8 Oct. 2013.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "National Economic Trends." Economic Research. , 11 Jan.
2013. Web. 10 Nov. 2013.
Hargreaves, Steve. "How Income Inequality Hurts America". CNN Money. 25 Sept. 2013. Web.
10 Nov. 2013.
Hayes, Christopher. Twilight of the Elites: America after Meritocracy. New York: Crown, 2012.
Print.
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