BS EDUCATION SEMSETER 2nd (From Sep 2023 to Jan 2024) Subject: Citizenship Teacher: Ms Sania Hayat (M.Phil.) Classes: Monday 11-12:30 ,Tuesday 8-9:30 These Are Final Term Presentation Slides ------------------------------------------- Institute of Education University Of Sargodha *

1. Topic Name:
Social Problem of causes and Solutions

2. Sumitted to: Mam Sania Hayat
Group Members:
Ammara Khan: Roll # 1
Rimsha Arshad: Roll # 34
Muhammad Arshad: Roll # 23
Nadia Riaz: Roll # 30
Ahtesham Ali: Roll # 40
Institute of Education
University of Sargodha

3. Problem of causes and Social solutions:
Introduction:
• A social problem refers to any condition or behavior which hers a negative impact on a
large number of people.
Definition:
• A social problem is an issue within the society that make it difficult for people to achieve
their full potential
• Poverty in unemployment racism and malnutrition are example of social problem

4. Lack of Education:
Poverty:
Financial constraints often prevent individuals and families from accessing education, as they may struggle to afford
school fees, uniforms, and necessary supplies.
Geographical Barriers:
Remote locations and lack of transportation infrastructure can hinder access to schools, especially in rural areas
where educational facilities may be Scarce.
Discrimination:
In some cultures, girls may face discrimination and be discouraged from pursuing education, limiting their
opportunities for learning.
Cultural Practices:
Societal norms an. Gendered traditions can sometimes prioritize other responsibilities over education, particularly in
communities where children are expected to contribute to family income or perform household duties.
Conflict and Instability:
Area affected by conflict or political often experienced education, with schools being damaged or closed.

5. Environmental factors:
Human Activities:
Industrialization, deforestation, and pollution from sources contribute to environmental degradation.
Climate Change:
Human-induced factors, such 2 the burning of fossil Fuels contribute global warming and climate change, affecting
ecosystems worldwide.
Pollution:
Release of pollutants into air, water, and soil from industrial, agricultural, and urban activities harms the
environment and biodiversity
Deforestation:
Clearing of forests for agriculture, logging, or urban development disrupts ecosystems, reduces biodiversity, and
contributes to climate Change
Overpopulation:
Increased human population puts pressure on natural resources, leading to overconsumption, habitat
destruction,and environmental stress.

6. Political Corruption:
Lack of Transparency::
Insufficient transparency in government operations and decisions
making processes can create opportunities for corruption to thrive.
Weak Legal Frameworks:
Inadequate poorly enforced laws and regulations can fail to deter Practice all individuals to act with impunity.
Poor Governance:
Weak institutions, effective checks and balances, and inadequate accountability mechanism contribute to an
environment where corruption can flourish.
Political Patronage:
Exchange of Favors and positions for political support can lead to nepotism and favoritism, fostering corrupt
practices within political circles.
Low Public Sector Salaries:
Inadequate remuneration for public official may incentivize corruption as individuals seek additional incomes
illicit means.

7. Education Inequality:
Gender Disparity: :
There's a significant gap between male and female literacy rates. Girls face cultural and societal barriers that
limit their access to education, including early marriages, household responsibilities, and societal norms that
prioritize boys' education
Regional Disparities:
Rural areas, especially those in remote regions, lack adequate educational infrastructure compared to urban
areas. Schools in these areas often have fewer resources, poorly trained teachers, and limited access to quality
education.
Economic Disparities:
Families with lower incomes struggle to afford education-related expenses, leading to lower enrolment rates
and higher dropout rates among children from poorer households.
Language Barriers:
Language differences can create inequality in education. Pakistan is multilingual, and students who speak
languages other than the one used in the educational system might face difficulties in learning and
understanding the curriculum.

8. Poverty
Individual Incapacity:
Success or Failure in life depends entirely on Personal Matter. He Himself is responsible for laziness
,Inactivity , Lack of Initiative etc.
Inadequate Economic Development:
Our Economic Development since independence had been Disappointing in certain Respects.
Over Population
Population in India is growing at an alarming Rate.
Illiteracy and Ignorance:
Both are supportive of Poverty .And of course our Educational System and there is no guarantee of Job for
Educated Youths.

9. Child Labour:
Poverty:
Families in poverty may resort to child labor as a means of additional income, often due to a lack of alternatives.
Lack of Education:
Limited access to quality education can force children into the workforce, depriving them of the opportunity for
personal development.
Ineffective Legislation:
Weak enforcement of child labour laws or a lack of stringent regulations allows the practice to persist.
Cultural Norms:
Societal acceptance of child labor, influenced by cultural norms, can perpetuate the cycle of exploitation.

10. Lawlessness:
Social Inequality:
Disparities in wealth and opportunities can lead to frustration and resentment, contributing to
lawlessness.
Lack of Education:
Insufficient access to quality education may result in a lack of awareness about legal norms and
consequences.
Ineffective Legal Systems:
Weak or corrupt legal institutions can undermine the rule of law, fostering an environment conducive
to lawlessness.
Economic Disparities:
High levels of unemployment and economic instability can drive individuals towards criminal activities
as a means of survival.

11. Overpopulation:
Family Planning:
Promoting and providing access to family planning methods helps control birth rates.
Education:
Improving education, especially for women, increases awareness of family planning, leading to smaller family
sizes.
Access to Contraceptives:
Ensuring availability and affordability of contraceptives encourages responsible family planning.
Economic Development:
Addressing poverty through economic development reduces the incentive for larger families as a form of
economic support.
Government Policies:
Implementing policies that support population control and sustainable development can have a positive impact.
Gender Equality:
Promoting gender equality empowers women to make informed choices about family planning and education.

12. Solutions of Social Problems:
Lack of Education:
Access to Education:
Ensure widespread access to quality education by building schools, providing scholarships, and addressing barriers
like gender discrimination.
Teacher Training:
Invest in teacher training programs to enhance the quality of education and ensure that educators are well-
equipped to meet students' needs.
Community Involvement:
Engage communities in the educational process, fostering a supportive environment that values and prioritizes
learning. Addressing these issues requires a multifaceted approach involving government intervention,
community engagement, and global cooperation. Collaboration between stakeholders, including government
bodies, NGOs, and the public, is crucial for effective and sustainable solutions.

13. Environmental Factors:
Sustainable Practices:
Encourage and implement sustainable practices in industries and communities to minimize environmental
impact.
2.Environmental Education:
Promote awareness and education on environmental issues to foster a sense of responsibility and
encourage eco-friendly behaviors.
Policy Implementation:
Advocate for and implement policies that address environmental concerns, such as regulations on
pollution and incentives for renewable energy.

14. Poverty
Education:
Investing in education provides individuals with better opportunities for employment and income. It
also promotes awareness about health, hygiene, and family planning.
Employment Opportunities:
Creating jobs through infrastructure development, small business support, and entrepreneurship
programs helps in reducing unemployment rates.
Social Safety Nets:
Establishing social welfare programs like unemployment benefits, food assistance, and healthcare
services helps support those in need.
Access to Healthcare:
Affordable and accessible healthcare services are crucial in breaking the cycle of poverty by ensuring
good health for all individuals.
Gender Equality:
Empowering women through education, employment, and equal rights significantly contributes to
poverty reduction.

15. Illiteracy
Awareness
Creating awareness about the importance of education can help people understand why they need to go to school. government
agencies, and other concerned parties should put in place deliberate measures to create awareness in the society and reduce
the number of people who are unable to read and write.
Grants
Offering grants, subsidies, and scholarships can reduce the financial burden that
parents and students bear in paying for education. It would make it possible for
students to learn without interrupting their education due to lack of school fees.
Parents would also channel the money that would have been used to pay for school fees towards other income generating
projects. The cost of financing education can prove to be too high especially for those who live in poverty.
Digitization
Since we live in the age of technology and information, creating digital platforms for reading and learning can help reduce
illiteracy in the society. It can also help take care of the challenge of shortage of education facilities. Digital libraries can provide
a good platform for those who live far away from urban centers to expand their knowledge base and become more informed.
Lower educational cost
Even though education has its rewards, it is very costly. Many graduates usually leave school with huge debts in the form of
student loans. It makes saving and investing difficult. The cost of university education has been a key political and social issue in
many nations. By lowering the cost of education, the government can make it easier for people to study up to the highest level
possible.

16. Tradition
Promoting Education and Awareness:
Encouraging education that challenges stereotypes and fosters critical thinking can help break the cycle of
adherence to outdated traditions.
Cultural Sensitivity Initiatives:
Implementing programs that celebrate diversity and promote understanding of different cultural practices can
reduce biases and encourage acceptance of alternative perspectives.
3.Facilitating Community Dialogue:
Creating opportunities for open conversations within communities can provide spaces to discuss the relevance
of traditions and find common ground for progressive changes.
4.Enacting Legislation and Policies: Implementing laws and policies that protect individual rights and promote
equality can serve as a framework for dismantling harmful traditions.
Harnessing Media Influence:
Utilizing media platforms to portray diverse perspectives and challenge traditional norms can influence public
opinion and foster a more inclusive society.

17. Lawlessness:
Educational Reforms:
Improving access to quality education equips individuals with the knowledge to make informed choices and
understand the importance of abiding by the law.
Legal System Strengthening:
Implementing reforms to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and fairness of legal institutions can help
restore public trust and deter criminal behavior.
Economic Development
Addressing economic disparities through job creation, poverty reduction, and social programs can reduce the
motivation for engaging in criminal activities.
Community Engagement:
Promoting community involvement and fostering a sense of responsibility can lead to the development of a
collective commitment to maintaining law and order.

18. Unequal Opportunity:
Anti-Discrimination Policies:
Implement and enforce policies that prohibit discrimination based on race, gender, or other factors to create a
more Inclusive and equitable society.
Economic Reforms:
Promote economic policies that address wealth disparities, provide equal access to financial resources, and
support entrepreneurship in underprivileged communities.
Educational Equality:
Invest in educational reforms to ensure equal access to quality education, including initiatives that bridge the
digital divide and provide opportunities for skill development.
Cultural Sensitization:
Foster awareness and understanding of diverse cultures to challenge stereotypes and promote inclusivity.