This study examined the within-day temporal relationships between smoking frequency, craving, and withdrawal symptoms using data from 351 participants over 16 days. Lagged regression analyses showed that increases in craving temporarily preceded smoking episodes, and that smoking was associated with subsequent decreases in craving. Negative affect was also found to have a one-way relationship with smoking, such that smoking was associated with lower negative affect, but negative affect did not predict smoking episodes. This was the first study to examine these within-day temporal patterns between smoking and withdrawal symptoms.

1. WITHIN-DAY TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF
SMOKING, WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS, AND
CRAVING.
Presenter: Soujanya Chatterjee
Siddharth Chandra, Deborah Scharf and Saul Shiffman

2. Introduction
• Examines temporal relationships between smoking frequency,
craving and withdrawal symptoms.
• Generic pattern of craving and Negative affect (NA) between two
smoking episodes.
• Prediction of first and subsequent lapses.

3. Research Question
• Does increase in craving and negative affect precedes a smoking lapse
episode.
• Does a smoking lapse leads to decrease in craving and NA.

4. Methodology
• Sample size: 351 participants.
• Duration: 16 days
• Data related to craving, negative affect and withdrawal symptoms
collected through EMA and electronic diaries.
• Each smoking episodes were marked.

5. Data Processing
• Waking time of day considered as 16 hours.
• Each day divided in 8 widows of 2 hours each.
• Mean craving and negative affect of each window computed.
• Weighted moving average (moving window) for each variable was
computed.
• Each variable normalized by the mean, in order to remove inra-day
variability.

6. Key Results
• Lagged analyses conducted to establish temporal precedence.
• Do changes in craving and negative effect predict smoking episodes in few
hour?
• Tests of granger precedence conducted.
• First set of regression, smoking at time t was regressed on smoking at t-1.
• Second set of regression, craving and NA at time t-1 was added.
• Result of two regressions were compared.

7. Key Results
Temporal patterns of smoking and symptoms

8. Key Results
Lagged associations
• Craving temporarily precedes smoking.
• Smoking was associated with lower craving.
• NA showed one-way relationship with smoking.
• Smoking associated with low NA.

9. Key Results

10. Summary and Contribution
• Examines relationship between within day temporal patterns in craving and
NA to temporal variation in smoking episodes.
• Craving and restlessness prospectively predicts smoking episodes.
• NA doesnot predict smoking episodes, smoking reduces subsequent NA.
• This is the first study to examine these patterns.

11. Critique of work
• Window duration can be reduced to minute levels, we have
sensor data.
• Examine temporal relationships of various physiological features,
collected using sensors with smoking episodes.
• Step forward to predict the timing of smoking lapse intervention.
Thanks.
Questions?