The document discusses the need for smart cities and smart city tags. As global population growth becomes increasingly urban, smart city systems can improve livability and reduce resource consumption for the 90% of people who will live in cities by 2050. These systems must be designed for high density, mobility, energy, food, and work/living needs in resilient, scalable and reconfigurable ways. The concept of smart cities emerged in 2008, and countries now assess quality of life in cities using metrics like transportation, education, healthcare and renewable energy. The goal of a smart city is to modernize infrastructure to improve citizen quality of life while reducing emissions through interconnected technology systems.