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1. C: Physiology
1. CONCERNING BILE PIGMENTS, ALL OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ARE FALSE EXCEPT:
a. Biliverdin is one of the major endproducts of globin
b. Bilirubin is a reduced product of biliverdin
c. Haembilirubinn is a water soluble compound while cholebilirubin is water insoluble one
d. Bile pigments have an important digestive function
2. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ABOUT STERCOBILINOGEN ARE CORRECT EXCEPT:
a. Its oxidized form is responsible for the normal colour of stool
b. Trace amounts of it is excreted by the kidney in the form of urobilinogen that's responsible for the
normal colour of urine
c. It's formed by the reducing action of intestinal bacteria on cholebilirubin
d. It is normally present in the general circulation in very small amounts
3. THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS CORRECT :
a. The ratio of cholesterol:phosphatidylcholine:bile acids is 10:3:1
b. The concentration of cholesterol in bile is affected by the dietary cholesterol
c. The normal serum bilirubin level is 0.2-0.8 g/dl
d. None of the above
4. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS FALSE
a. Acholuric jaundice is due to prehepatic cause
b. Jaundice resulting from disturbed secretion of conjugated bilirubin into bile canaliculi is called
hepatocellular jaundice
c. Patient with haemolytic jaundice should have dark urine and pale grayish stool
d. Atresia of the bile duct may result in liquorice urine
5. THE MOST ALKALINE FLUID IN OUR BODY IS
a. Saliva
b. Intestinal
c. Pancreatic
d. Seminal
6. TRYPSIN CAUSE ACTIVATION OF
a. Trypsinogen
b. Chymotrypsinogen
c. Proelastase
d. All of the above
7. TRYPSIN CONVERT PROTEIN INTO
a. Protease

2. b. Amino acids
c. Nucleotide
d. All of the above
8. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ENZYMES ARE ENDOPEPTIDASE EXCEPT
a. Trypesonogen
b. Chymotrypsinogen
c. Procaroboxypolypeptidase
d. None of the above
9. PANCREATIC AMYLASE IS MORE POWERFUL THAN SALIVA AS
a. Use Cl as Co-enzyme
b. Split cooked starch
c. Split uncooked starch
d. All of the above
10. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING CONSIDERED TRYPSIN INHIBITOR ARE TRUE EXCEPT
a. Found in the cytoplasm of glandular cells
b. Prevent activation of trypsingen
c. Secrete in the intestine
d. None of the above
11. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING CONSIDERED NERVOUS REGULATION ARE TRUE EXCEPT
a. Abolished by atropine
b. Released by acetylcholine stimulate pancreatic acinar cells
c. Deficient in enzymes & water
12. SECRETIN ARE RELEASED FROM
a. Pancreas
b. Small intestine
c. Gall bladder
d. Stomach
13. SECRETIN CAUSE ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT
a. Decrease intestinal movement
b. Augment CCK action on the pancreas
c. Help evacuation of the gall bladder
d. Inhibit gastric secretion
14. CCK IS FOUND IN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT
a. Stomach
b. Intestine

3. c. Cerebral cortex
d. Colon& ileum
15. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE FUNCTIONS OF CCK EXCEPT
a. Evacuation of gallbladder
b. Release of glucogen
c. Inhibit gastric secretion
d. Inhibit intestinal movement
Answers:
1. B
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. D
11. D
12. B
13. C
14. A
15. D
Essay:
1. Give an account on bile pigments formation steps
2. Mention the fate of stercobilinogen
3. Define jaundice
4. Enumerate types of jaundice and give brief description about each
5. Enumerate the enzymes of which pancreatic secretion is composed
6. Give an account on 3 of proteolytic enzymes of pancreatic exocrine secretion
7. Discuss : a- pancreatic amylase / b- pancreatic lipase / c- cholesterol esterase
8. Mention the pancreatic juice constituents
9. Discuss the secretion of trypsin inhibitor
10. Enumerate the effects of loss of pancreatic juice
11. Define steatorrhea
12. Discuss the pancreatic juice nervous regulation
13. Give an account on their role in pancreatic secretion hormonal regulation
a. secretin
b. CCK
c. VIP

4. Chapter 9: Small intestine
A. Anatomy
1. All of the following are true concerning
the wall of the ileum except:
a. Few plica circularis
b. Few villi
c. Few Payer’s patches
d. Narrow lumen
2. All of the following are false concerning
the mesentery of the jejunum except:
a. Much fat
b. No windows
c. Complex arterial arcades
d. Its root crosses IVC
3. All of the following structures are crossed
by the root of mesentery except:
a. IVC
b. Abdominal aorta & Lt gonadal vessels
c. 3rd
part of duodenum
d. Rt psoas major muscle
Branch of the artery Anastomose with
4. Inferior pancreatico duodenal a. Terminal part of superior mesenteric
5. Ileal branch of iliocolic b. Descending Rt colic
6. Ascending branch of iliocolic c. Ascending Lt colic
7. Ascending branch of Rt colic d. Rt middle colic
8. Ascending branch of Lt colic e. Lt middle colic
9. Right branch of middle colic f. Superior pancreatico duodenal
10. Descending branch of Rt colic g. Ascending branch iliocolic
11. Left branch of middle colic h. Ascending Rt colic
12. All of the following are true concerning
the caecum except:
a. Anterior to iliopsoas
b. Posterior to the greater omentum
c. Lies in the right groin
d. The appendix arises from its
posteromedial part superior to the
iliocecal junction
13. All of the following true concerning the
appendix except:
a. Mostly retrocecal
b. Completely covered by the
mesoappendix which contain the
appendicular artery in its root
c. The pain in appendicitis is referred to
umbilical region as both supplied with
T10 spinal nerve
d. Its base is demarcated by McBurney’s
point

5. 14. Superior mesenteric artery supplies the
following except:
a. Ascending colon
b. appendix
c. Transverse colon
d. Descending colon
15. All of the followings are freely mobile
structures except:
a. Ascending colon
b. Transverse colon
c. Sigmoid colon
d. Appendix
16. All of the following are posterior relations
to the ascending colon except:
a. Iliopsoas
b. Iliohypogasstric nerve
c. Iliolumbar ligament
d. Ilioingulinal nerve
17. All of the following nerves are posterior
relations of the descending colon except:
a. Left subcostal
b. Left iliohypogastric nerve
c. Left ilioinguinal nerve
d. Left femoral nerve
e. Left lateral cotaneous nerve of the
thigh
18. All of the following true concerning
sigmoid mesocolon except:
a. Its root anterior to left Ureter &
external iliac artery
b. Its medial limb containing sigmoid
branches of inferior mesenteric artery
c. Its lateral limb pass along external
iliac vessels
d. Its free border contains pelvic colon
Answers:
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. F
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. E
9. H
10. G
11. C
12. D
13. B
14. D
15. A
16. A
17. D
18. B
Essay:
1. Compare between jejunum and ileum?
2. What are the contents of the mesentery?
3. Compare between large and small intestine?
4. What are the relations and recesses of the caecum?
5. Discuss blood supply of caecum?
6. What is the surface anatomy of base of appendix?
7. Compare between ascending , transverse colon in ( relations , blood supply )
8. Compare between the content of transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon?
9. Discuss the course and branches of superior mesenteric artery?
10. Discuss the course and branches of inferior mesenteric artery?

6. B. Histology
1. All of the following are true considered
plicae circulars except
a. They are perment folds
b. They found mainly in duodenum
c. Consist of mucosa & submucosa
d. Found in the form circular, semilunar,
spiral shaped
2. The villis of duodenum are
a. Short
b. Thinner
c. Finger like
d. All of the above
3. Food absorption are maximally in
a. Duodenum
b. Jejunm
c. Ileum
d. Stomach
4. All of the following considered lamina
propria are true except
a. Occupied by intestinal glands
b. Called payers patches in jejunm
c. Have pale germinal centers
d. Surrounded by T- lymphocytes
5. All of the following considered goblet
cells are true except
a. Help in transporting of secretory
granules
b. Increase in ileum
c. Serous secreted
d. None of the above
6. Function of the goblet cells
a. Form & secrete antibacterial agent
b. Prevention of the epithelium
c. Immunological function in the
intestine
d. Proliferation into other types of cell
lining
7. Function of M cells
a. Form & secrete antibacterial agent
b. Prevention of the epithelium
c. Immunological function in the
intestine
d. Proliferation into other types of
cell lining
8. Function of undifferentiated columnar
cells
a. Form & secrete antibacterial agent
b. Prevention of the epithelium
c. Immunological function in the
intestine
d. Proliferation into other types of
cell lining
9. Functions of paneth cells
a. Form & secrete antibacterial agent
b. Prevention of the epithelium
c. Immunological function in the
intestine
d. Proliferation into other types of
cell lining

7. 10. Which of those cells are numerous in the
ileum?
a. Goblet cells
b. Entero endocrine cells
c. Peneth cells
d. Enterocyte
11. All of the following are secreted from the
enteroendocrine cells except
a. Serotonin
b. Gastrin
c. CCK
d. Secretin
12. All of the following are functions of the
sub mucosa of the intestine except
a. Protect intestinal mucosa from
acidity
b. Help in the secreting digestive
intestinal enzymes
c. Immunological Function
d. None of the above
Answers
1- B
2- C
3- C
4- B
5- C
6- B
7- C
8- D
9- A
10- A
11- C
12- C

8. Essay:
1- Mention 2 histological differences
between the parts of small intestine.
2- Discuss the site & histological features of
this structure.
3- Identify this section then enumerate the
labels and discuss the structure 1.
4- Discuss the structure & function of:
absorptive columnar cells, M- cells &
Paneth cells.
5- Mention the cells lining the intestinal
glands & the site of each.

9. C: Physiology
1. Concerning the first portion of duodenum:
a. Called duodenal cap
b. Affected by gastric acidity
c. Common cause for duodenal ulcers
d. All of the above
2. Brunner's gland secretion is stimulated by all
of the following except:
a. Contact of acidic chyme with
mucosa
b. Sympathetic stimulation
c. Vagal stimulation
d. Secretin hormone
3. Local nerve plexuses control the secretion of:
a. Brunner's gland
b. Goblet cells
c. Mucous cells of intestinal gland
d. Parietal cells
4. Concerning intestinal digestive juice:
a. Secreted from intestinal glands
b. 2 liters
c. pH 9
d. Contain digestive enzymes
5. Final absorption occurs in:
a. Intestinal lumen
b. Brush border
c. Cytoplasm of mucosa
d. All of the above
6. The enzyme responsible for trypsinogen
activation :
a. Enterokinase
b. Trypsin
c. Carboxypeptidase
d. A and B
7. All of the following are disaccharidases
except:
a. Maltase
b. Trehalase
c. Enterokinase
d. Lactase
8. Brush border digestion is involved in:
a. Protein digestion
b. Carbohydrate digestion
c. Fat digestion
d. A and b
9. Vagal stimulation initiates secretion from:
a. Goblet cells
b. Brunner's gland
c. Lieburkuhn gland
d. None of the above
10. The following hormone stimulate intestinal
secretion:
a. CCK
b. Gastrin
c. Lipase
d. Enterokinase
11. Contraction of small intestine is coordinated
by:
a. Small bowel slow wave
b. Enteric nervous system
c. Extrinsic autonomic nerves
d. G.I.T hormones
e. All of the above
12. Maximum frequency of segmentation
contraction is coordinated by:
a. Electrical slow waves
b. Enteric nerve plexus
c. G.I.T hormones
d. Extrinsic autonomic
13. The following movement is myogenic in
nature:
a. Peristaltic movement
b. Tonic movement
c. Segmentation movement
d. All of the above

10. 14. Concerning peristaltic movement of the
intestine:
a. Local stretch releases V.I.P
b. Substance p causes circular smooth
muscle contraction
c. NO causes contraction
d. The velocity is 3 cm/second
15. Peristaltic movement leads to:
a. Forward movements of the food
b. Backward movement of the food
c. Some mixing effect
d. A and c
16. Motilin hormone triggers:
a. MMC
b. Tonic contraction
c. Peristalsis
d. Anti-peristalsis
17. Concerning parasympathetic nerve supply of
the intestine:
a. Through vagus
b. Motor to the wall
c. Inhibitory to the sphincters
d. All of the above
18. The following enzyme inhibits intestinal
motility:
a. Gastrin
b. Insulin
c. Secretin
d. Serotonin
19. Colonoileal reflex:
a. Prevertebral reflex
b. Local enteric reflex
c. Conditioned reflex
d. A and B
20. Segmenting movements have some
propulsive effect and peristalsis has no
mixing effect. ( )
21. Water is absorbed mainly from:
a. Duedenum
b. Jujunum.
c. Large intestine.
d. Stomach.
22. The main part of the stool is:
a. Undigested food.
b. Water.
c. Electrolytes.
d. None of the above.
23. Lipid are absorbed in :
a. Arteries
b. Veins
c. Lacteal
d. All the above
24. The hormone which is responsible for villi
movement is:
a. Gastrin.
b. CCK
c. Villikinin.
d. VIP.
25. All the factors increase rate of intestinal
absorption except:
a. Adequate blood supply.
b. Obstruction of the thoracic duct.
c. Hypotonic fluid.
d. Increase intra intestinal pressure
26. Obstruction of the lymph flow leads to…
a. Abolish completely the absorption of lipid.
b. Hinder lipid absorption.
c. Hinder protein absorption.
d. All the above.

11. ANSWERS:
1. d
2. b
3. c
4. a
5. d
6. d
7. c
8. d
9. b
10. a
11. e
12. a
13. c
14. b
15. d
16. a
17. d
18. c
19. d
20. false
21. c
22. b
23. c
24. c
25. c
26. b
Essay
1. Mention the costiuents of intestinal secretion
2. Enumerate the location of the final digestion in the small intestine
3. Physiologically, Give an account on : a- protein digestion
b- CHO digestion
c- lipids and nucleic acis digestion
4. Discuss the nervous and hormonal regulation of intestinal secretion
5. Define intestinal motility
6. Enumerate intestinal motility coordinators
7. Enumerate the types of intestinal movements and explain 3 of them
8. Give an account on :
a. Nervous regulation of the intestinal motility
b. Hormonal reg. Of the intestinal motility
c. Iliocecal sphincter
d. Ilieocecal valve
9. Define absorption
10. Mention the reasons which the great small intestine absorbing power
11. Give an account , the intestinal villi "physiologically"
12. Enumerate the factors affecting the small intestine absorbing rate