Understanding Islam FIQH Course

UNDERSTANDING OF THE DEEN (AL-ISLAM)
Intermediate Islamic (FIQH) course in English
Conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
LESSON # 8 cLESSON # 8 c
Using text & curriculum he has developed especially forUsing text & curriculum he has developed especially for
Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.
““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))
IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,
MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,
MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.
"O my Lord! Let my entry be by the Gate of
Truth and Honour, and likewise my exit by the
Gate of Truth and Honour; and grant me from
Thy Presence an authority to aid (me)”
(Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 80)
Daily application of FIQHDaily application of FIQH
SEEKING TO BENEFIT FROMSEEKING TO BENEFIT FROM
BASIC KNOWLEDGEBASIC KNOWLEDGE
Significance of NIYYATSignificance of NIYYAT
Updated 25 APRIL 2015
PARTPART # 2# 2
((20152015))

All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015)
EITHER SHUKUR OR KUFUR ?

The key toThe key to
succeed in this test as wellsucceed in this test as well
as to deserve achievingas to deserve achieving
further increase offurther increase of
bestowals from Allah.bestowals from Allah.
yet how does one becomeyet how does one become
grateful? What are thegrateful? What are the
important criteria?important criteria?
1.1. Acknowledge and extol praises ofAcknowledge and extol praises of
the true giver, Allah Who alone isthe true giver, Allah Who alone is
God, the Bestower of all favours.God, the Bestower of all favours.
2.2. Learn the value of what is given,Learn the value of what is given,
do not take any of these favoursdo not take any of these favours
for granted.for granted.
3.3. Utilize what is given inUtilize what is given in
accordance to what may pleaseaccordance to what may please
the Giver (i.e. do not abuse thethe Giver (i.e. do not abuse the
gift), so as not to cause His wrathgift), so as not to cause His wrath
to befall us.to befall us.
CRITERIACRITERIA
All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015)

““Whomsoever Allah wants goodness, He grantsWhomsoever Allah wants goodness, He grants
the person (the person (FAQ-QIH-HUFAQ-QIH-HU) understanding in the religion.”) understanding in the religion.”
((Hadith reported by TirmidziHadith reported by Tirmidzi))
FA-QA-HA – “to be learned, skilled in divine law,
endowed with penetration, deep understanding of a thing.”

“You see that the best amongst the people in this respect (i.e. ambition ofYou see that the best amongst the people in this respect (i.e. ambition of
ruling) are those who hate it.ruling) are those who hate it. And you see that the worst among people is
the double faced (person) who appears to these with one face and to the
others with another face (i.e a hypocrite).”
(Hadith reported by Bukhary)

“O Allah, I seek refuge in Thee from four things: Knowledge which
does not benefit (‘ILMIN -LAA –YAN-FA’), a heart which is not
submissive (QOL-BIN –LAA-YAKH -SHA’), a soul which has an
insatiable appetite (NAF-SIN –LAA-TASH-BA’), and a supplication
which is not heard (DU-’AA-IN - LAA-YUS-MA’).”
(Hadith reported by Abu Dawud)

““Verily, action is by intention; and verily the worth (merit) ofVerily, action is by intention; and verily the worth (merit) of
that action is (to be measured) in accordancethat action is (to be measured) in accordance
with what is intended ... ”with what is intended ... ”
((Hadith reported by Bukhary & MuslimHadith reported by Bukhary & Muslim))

““ ...... Thus he who migrates for the sake of Allah and His Messenger,
then his migration is for Allah and His Messenger. And he who
migrates seeking to gain worldly benefits or for the sake of
marrying a woman, then his migration is for that which
he has intended.”
((Hadith reported by Bukhary & MuslimHadith reported by Bukhary & Muslim))

This saying encapsulates the tacit prayer in our lessons: that one’s
intention may become a vehicle to tawfiq (success) and a gateway to
many more virtuous intentions in our ‘amal – thereby increasing its
merits and value to be attained.

EXCERPTS FROM:
LESSONS ON ISLAMICLESSONS ON ISLAMIC
CONCEPT OF ADABCONCEPT OF ADAB
By: Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj IsmailBy: Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
TASAWWUR ISLAM

(Verily Allah ta’ala has said): ‘Whosoever shows enmity to a wali (friend) of
Mine, then I have declared war against him. And My servant does not draw
near to Me with anything more loved to Me than the religious duties I have
obligated upon him (FARDHU). And My servant continues to draw near to
me with NAWAAFIL (supererogatory-devotions) deeds until I Love him. When
I Love him, I am his hearing with which he hears, and his sight with which he
sees, and his hand with which he strikes, and his foot with which he walks.
Were he to ask [something] of Me, I would surely give it to him; and were he
to seek refuge with Me, I would surely grant him refuge.’ .”

Allah (mighty and sublime be He) said: Whosoever shows enmity to someone
devoted to Me (My Wali), I shall be at war with him. My servant draws not near
to Me with anything more loved by Me than the religious duties I have enjoined
upon him, and My servant continues to draw near to Me with supererogatory
works so that I shall love him. When I love him I am his hearing with which he
hears, his seeing with which he sees, his hand with which he strikes and his foot
with which he walks. Were he to ask [something] of Me, I would surely give it to
him, and were he to ask Me for refuge, I would surely grant him it. I do not
hesitate about anything as much as I hesitate about [seizing] the soul of My
faithful servant: he hates death and I hate hurting him.

"Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said: 'Whoever does one good deed"Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said: 'Whoever does one good deed
will have (the reward of) ten like it and more, and whoever does a badwill have (the reward of) ten like it and more, and whoever does a bad
deed will have one like it, or I will forgive him. Whoever draws near todeed will have one like it, or I will forgive him. Whoever draws near to
Me a hand span, I draw near to him an arm's length; whoever comesMe a hand span, I draw near to him an arm's length; whoever comes
to Me a forearm's length, I draw near him an arm's length; whoeverto Me a forearm's length, I draw near him an arm's length; whoever
comes to Me walking, I come to him in a hurry. Whoever meets Mecomes to Me walking, I come to him in a hurry. Whoever meets Me
with an earthful of sins, but does not associate anything in worshipwith an earthful of sins, but does not associate anything in worship
with Me, I will meet it (i.e., his sins) with forgiveness equal to that.'"with Me, I will meet it (i.e., his sins) with forgiveness equal to that.'"
((Hadith reported by Ibn MajahHadith reported by Ibn Majah))

THE FOUR CATEGORIES OF PEOPLETHE FOUR CATEGORIES OF PEOPLE
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]

A man to whom Allah gives wealth and knowledge, so he
acts according to his knowledge with regard to his wealth,
spending it as it should be spent;
PERSON # 1
 Generally, two aspects of Allah’s favoursGenerally, two aspects of Allah’s favours NI’MAHNI’MAH - are highlighted :–- are highlighted :–
[a] knowledge; and [b] wealth.[a] knowledge; and [b] wealth.
 Knowledge here would mean beneficial knowledge, especiallyKnowledge here would mean beneficial knowledge, especially ‘ULUM-‘ULUM-
AD-DEENIYATAD-DEENIYAT ,, which guides us in our application of our otherwhich guides us in our application of our other NI’MAHNI’MAH
(favours) which Allah grants us throughout our life.(favours) which Allah grants us throughout our life.
 TheThe virtues of knowledge over wealthvirtues of knowledge over wealth must never be underestimated:must never be underestimated:

He says: “If I had been given (wealth) like this one, I would
have done what (the first man) did.”
PERSON # 2
 In most cases an act (or a deed) is considered to have started when one’sIn most cases an act (or a deed) is considered to have started when one’s
intention is manifested or verbalized. Example is in the performance ofintention is manifested or verbalized. Example is in the performance of
HAJJHAJJ andand UMRAHUMRAH, a pilgrim enters into the state of devotion (, a pilgrim enters into the state of devotion (IHRAMIHRAM) by) by
verbalizing the intention which is then followed by theverbalizing the intention which is then followed by the TALBIYYATALBIYYA. Also In. Also In
marriage solemnization (marriage solemnization (NIKAHNIKAH) or divorce) or divorce (TALAQ(TALAQ), the verbal), the verbal
expression if it is clear expressed, binds or cause separation to theexpression if it is clear expressed, binds or cause separation to the
marriage respectively. So, one has to be mindful of what one expresses.marriage respectively. So, one has to be mindful of what one expresses.

The Messenger of Allah ‫ﷺ‬ said:
‘They (both) will be equal in reward.
 Although one may not have the opportunity nor capacity to do a goodAlthough one may not have the opportunity nor capacity to do a good
deed, expressing one’s resolve to emulate a righteous act have positivedeed, expressing one’s resolve to emulate a righteous act have positive
effect. Such is Allah’s generosity, that good intentions when expressed iseffect. Such is Allah’s generosity, that good intentions when expressed is
deemed as though we also has participated in the goodness wedeemed as though we also has participated in the goodness we
perceived in the action of others.perceived in the action of others.
 Thus regarding actions, actually none has the strength nor the ability toThus regarding actions, actually none has the strength nor the ability to
do unless granted by Allah –do unless granted by Allah – LAA-HAU-LA-WA-LAA-QUW-WATA-IL-LAA-LAA-HAU-LA-WA-LAA-QUW-WATA-IL-LAA-
BIL-LAAH.BIL-LAAH.

And a man to whom Allah gives wealth but does not give
knowledge, so he squanders his wealth and spends it in
inappropriate ways;
PERSON # 3
 Knowledge is so important that without it, a good bestowals from AllahKnowledge is so important that without it, a good bestowals from Allah
may be rendered harmful to a person.may be rendered harmful to a person.
 Although in this example it singles out wealth, it must be appliedAlthough in this example it singles out wealth, it must be applied
analogously (analogously (QIYASQIYAS) to other bestowals and favours of Allah which a) to other bestowals and favours of Allah which a
person has been granted.person has been granted.

He says: “If I had (wealth) like this one, I would do
what (the third man) did.”
PERSON # 4
 So when another view and expressed his admiration of the bestowal andSo when another view and expressed his admiration of the bestowal and
wanting to emulate the same evil deeds, the verbal expression of hiswanting to emulate the same evil deeds, the verbal expression of his
intention is deemed as having also participated – either directly becauseintention is deemed as having also participated – either directly because
he has already resolved and would do the same if given the opportunity;he has already resolved and would do the same if given the opportunity;
or indirectly as an accomplice, supporter, advocator to the same evil.or indirectly as an accomplice, supporter, advocator to the same evil.

The Messenger of Allah ‫ﷺ‬ said:
‘‘They are equal in their burden (of sin).”
 Actually, any evil and wrong we see others doing, as Muslims we shouldActually, any evil and wrong we see others doing, as Muslims we should
be quick to seek refuge with Allah from being tested like them. Thoughbe quick to seek refuge with Allah from being tested like them. Though
our desires may be incited to like, yet our (our desires may be incited to like, yet our (‘ILM‘ILM) Knowledge of the Deen) Knowledge of the Deen
with faith (with faith (IIMANIIMAN) would deem it as wrong and despicable. Our thoughts) would deem it as wrong and despicable. Our thoughts
and our admiration of others, tempting our desire (and our admiration of others, tempting our desire (HAWAHAWA) to want to) to want to
emulate anything evil would not have the burden of sin when it is keptemulate anything evil would not have the burden of sin when it is kept
them our self and not expressed.them our self and not expressed.

"Allah has permitted my nation ("Allah has permitted my nation (Ummah)Ummah) whatwhat
occurs in their minds, as long as it is not spoken oroccurs in their minds, as long as it is not spoken or
acted upon."acted upon."

"Allah has forgiven my nation ( Ummah) for the evil
suggestions of their hearts, so long as they do not act
upon it or speak of it, and for what they are forced to do."
(Hadith reported by Ibn Majah)

 Know that intentions have wondrous effects. Things react to
them accordingly —good for good, evil for evil.
 Therefore, a virtuous intention is the source of all goodness and
it is for this reason that putting one’s aspirations to work will
cause a comprehensive reaction by the means of Divine power
[from Allah];
 the desired objective manifesting in accordance with the
strength or weakness of one’s determination.
 For this reason a person should maintain the loftiest aspirations
in all affairs.
TASAWWUR ISLAM

 He should not approach a matter with heedlessness, nor allow
himself to become negligent in his daily pursuits. Rather, he uses
his insight, strengthens his aspirations, remain determined and
persistent in his affairs…
TASAWWUR ISLAM
[a] Utilise Insight
[b] Strengthen aspiration
[c] Remain determined
[d] Persistent

 From among the amazing secrets of the intention (nīyyah) is that
its blessings can reach things that never even occur to one. It has
been narrated that when ‘Umar bin `Abdul `Azīz became Caliph the
shepherds said:
“Who is this pious man who has taken charge of the people?”
It was then said to them: “And what knowledge do you have of
this?” They replied: “Verily, whenever a just caliph takes charge
of the people then the wolves leave our sheep alone.”
TASAWWUR ISLAM

 Look at this amazing intention, at how it has affected even the
animals of the open country lands!
 Such is also the case for the effects of intentions on the evil side of
things. If the human being conceals evil, and his intentions are
bad, many more evils will be given birth to and spread in that area,
even things that were not the [initial] goal of the person.
 These are very subtle matters that one should be aware of and
ponder deeply.
TASAWWUR ISLAM

 The purpose of planting these principles is so that the human
being may preserve his heart from evil. When this person enters
into an act of obedience, be it prayer (swalāh), glorifying Allah
(tasbīh), reading then Qur’ān, giving charity, visiting the sick,
attending a funeral, or any other act of worship, then they will not
engage in any of that in a forgetful or headless state.
 One of the Gnostics (al-’Aarifeen) said: “Whoever mentions Allah
(dzikr) in a state of heedlessness (GHAFLAH), Allah will turn away
from him.”
TASAWWUR ISLAM

““Do not follow him whose heart We have caused to beDo not follow him whose heart We have caused to be
heedless (heedless (GHAFLAHGHAFLAH) of Our remembrance, and who) of Our remembrance, and who
follows his desires, and whose attitude is of excess.”follows his desires, and whose attitude is of excess.”
((Qur’an: Kahfi: 18: 28Qur’an: Kahfi: 18: 28))
TASAWWUR ISLAM

“ And do not disgrace me on the Day they are [all]
resurrected - The Day when there will not benefit
[anyone] wealth or children. But only one who comes to
Allah with a sound heart (BI-QOL-BIN-SA-LEEM).“
(Qur’an: Shu’ara: 26: 87-89)
TASAWWUR ISLAM

" Verily Allah does not look to your bodies nor to your" Verily Allah does not look to your bodies nor to your
faces but He looks to your hearts," and he pointedfaces but He looks to your hearts," and he pointed
towards the heart with his fingers.towards the heart with his fingers.
((Hadith reported by MuslimHadith reported by Muslim))
TASAWWUR ISLAM

TASAWWUR ISLAM

“Beware! There is a piece of flesh in the body if it
becomes good (reformed) the whole body becomes good
but if it gets spoilt the whole body gets spoilt and truly
that is (AL-QALB) the heart.”
TASAWWUR ISLAM

(It was said to the Messenger of Allah(It was said to the Messenger of Allah‫ﷺ‬ ))
Which of the people is best?’ He said: ‘Everyone who isWhich of the people is best?’ He said: ‘Everyone who is
pure of heartpure of heart andand sincere in speechsincere in speech.’.’
They said: ‘Sincere in speech, we know what this is, butThey said: ‘Sincere in speech, we know what this is, but
what is pure of heart?’what is pure of heart?’
He said: ‘It is (the heart) that is piousHe said: ‘It is (the heart) that is pious (TAQIYY(TAQIYY) and pure) and pure
((NAQIYYNAQIYY), with no sin (), with no sin (ITHMUNITHMUN), injustice (), injustice (GHIL-LAGHIL-LA) ,) ,
rancour or envy (rancour or envy (HASADHASAD) in it.’”) in it.’”
((Hadith reported by Ibn MajahHadith reported by Ibn Majah))
TASAWWUR ISLAM

““Verily, when the slave (of Allah) commits a sin, a black spotVerily, when the slave (of Allah) commits a sin, a black spot
appears on his heart. When he refrains from it, seeksappears on his heart. When he refrains from it, seeks
forgiveness and repents, his heart is polished clean. But if heforgiveness and repents, his heart is polished clean. But if he
returns, it increases until it covers his entire heart. And thatreturns, it increases until it covers his entire heart. And that
is the ‘is the ‘RanRan’ (rust) which Allah mentioned:’ (rust) which Allah mentioned:
““Nay, but their hearts are (Ran) corrosion by all [the evil]
that they were wont to do!”” (Qur’an: Mutaffifin: 83: 14)(Qur’an: Mutaffifin: 83: 14)
TASAWWUR ISLAM

"Do not talk too much without remembrance of Allah."Do not talk too much without remembrance of Allah.
Indeed excessive talking without remembrance ofIndeed excessive talking without remembrance of
Allah hardens the heart. And indeed the furthest ofAllah hardens the heart. And indeed the furthest of
people from Allah is the harsh-hearted.“people from Allah is the harsh-hearted.“
(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi))
TO BE CONTINUED INSHA-ALLAH
TASAWWUR ISLAM

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