This document discusses modeling and estimating extreme risks and quantiles in non-life insurance. It introduces the generalized extreme value distribution and Pickands–Balkema–de Haan theorem, which state that maximums of iid random variables converge to one of three extreme value distributions. It also discusses estimators for the shape parameter of these distributions, such as the Hill estimator, and using the generalized Pareto distribution above a threshold to estimate value-at-risk quantiles. Examples are given applying these methods to Danish fire insurance loss data.