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 Aquifer, which is a geologic formation
sufficiently porous to store water and permeable
enough to allow water to flow through them in
economic quantities.
 Storage coefficient, which is the volume of
water that an aquifer releases from or takes into
storage per unit surface area of aquifer per unit
change in the component of area normal to
surface.
GROUNDWATER
Introduction
Groundwater is water that exists in the pore
spaces and fractures in rocks and sediments
beneath the Earth’s surface. It originates as
rainfall or snow, and then moves through the soil
and rock into the groundwater system, where it
eventually makes its way back to the surface
streams, lakes, or oceans.
Groundwater makes up about 1% of the water on
the Earth (most water is in oceans)
To understand the ways in which
groundwater occurs, it is needed to think
about the ground and the water
properties.
 Porosity, which is the property of a rock
possessing pores or voids.
 Saturated and unsaturated zones.
 Permeability, which is the ease with which
water can flow through the rock.
Origin of Groundwater
The origin of groundwater is primarily one of the
following:
 Groundwater derived from rainfall and
infiltration within the normal hydrological cycle.
This kind of water is called meteoric water. The
name implies recent contact with the
atmosphere.
Fossil water if fresh may be originated from
the fact of climate change phenomenon, i.e.,
some areas used to have wet weather and the
aquifers of that area were recharged and then the
weather of that area becomes dry.
Introduction Cont.
But, groundwater makes up to 35 times
the amount of water in lakes and streams.
Groundwater occurs everywhere beneath
the Earth’s surface, but is usually
restricted to depth less than about 750
meters.
The volume of groundwater is equivalent
to a 55-meter thick layer spread out over
the entire surface of the Earth

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slide pre.pptx

  • 1.  Aquifer, which is a geologic formation sufficiently porous to store water and permeable enough to allow water to flow through them in economic quantities.  Storage coefficient, which is the volume of water that an aquifer releases from or takes into storage per unit surface area of aquifer per unit change in the component of area normal to surface.
  • 2. GROUNDWATER Introduction Groundwater is water that exists in the pore spaces and fractures in rocks and sediments beneath the Earth’s surface. It originates as rainfall or snow, and then moves through the soil and rock into the groundwater system, where it eventually makes its way back to the surface streams, lakes, or oceans. Groundwater makes up about 1% of the water on the Earth (most water is in oceans)
  • 3. To understand the ways in which groundwater occurs, it is needed to think about the ground and the water properties.  Porosity, which is the property of a rock possessing pores or voids.  Saturated and unsaturated zones.  Permeability, which is the ease with which water can flow through the rock.
  • 4. Origin of Groundwater The origin of groundwater is primarily one of the following:  Groundwater derived from rainfall and infiltration within the normal hydrological cycle. This kind of water is called meteoric water. The name implies recent contact with the atmosphere. Fossil water if fresh may be originated from the fact of climate change phenomenon, i.e., some areas used to have wet weather and the aquifers of that area were recharged and then the weather of that area becomes dry.
  • 5. Introduction Cont. But, groundwater makes up to 35 times the amount of water in lakes and streams. Groundwater occurs everywhere beneath the Earth’s surface, but is usually restricted to depth less than about 750 meters. The volume of groundwater is equivalent to a 55-meter thick layer spread out over the entire surface of the Earth