The document discusses a study on the effects of classroom lighting on student learning and performance. It conducted a systematic literature review on aspects of classroom lighting that have been studied and how lighting factors influence cognitive processes. The review found that LED lighting appears best for improving engagement and learning. Higher color temperature lighting boosts alertness while lower color temperature can benefit relaxed activities. Dynamic, adaptive lighting is needed as classroom activities vary. Future research should further validate theories of dynamic lighting and exploit automation to advance the concept of a smart classroom with adaptive lighting tailored to student needs.

1. 5th conference on Smart Learning
Ecosystems and Regional Development
Classroom lighting and its effect on
student learning and performance:
Towards smarter conditions
Jordi Mogas-Recalde
Ramon Palau
June 30, 2020

2. Smart Learning Environments
"A Smart Learning Environment must be enriched with digital,
adaptive and environmentally aware devices in order to
promote faster and better learning" (Koper, 2014).
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).

3. Smart Learning Environments
"A Smart Learning Environment must be enriched with digital,
adaptive and environmentally aware devices in order to
promote faster and better learning" (Koper, 2014).
Smart
Classroom
- Personalisation
- Inclusion
- Technology
- Flexibility
- Sustainability
- etc.
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).

4. Smart Classroom
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
Figure source: Cebrián, G., Palau, R., & Mogas, J. (2020). The Smart Classroom as a means to the
development of ESD methodologies. Sustainability, 12(7), 3010. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12073010
3 dimensions

5. Objective of this study
The main objective of this study was to determine which lighting factors
intervene in the learning processes taking place in a physical classroom,
in regard to smart classroom conditioning.
It was performed by means of a systematic literature review.
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).

6. Research questions
RQ1: What aspects of classroom lighting have studies focused on?
RQ2: How factors of classroom lighting influence learning processes?
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).

7. Systematic Literature Review
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
Figure source: Palau, R., & Mogas, J. (2019). Systematic literature review for a characterization of
the smart learning environments. In A. M. Cruz, & A. I. Aguilar (Eds.), Propuestas multidisciplinares de
innovación e intervención educativa (pp. 55-71). Universidad Internacional de Valencia.
Formulation of the problem
Search and selection of
studies
Information extractionPresentation of resultsAnalysis of results
Give answer
Studies quality evaluation

8. Search and selection
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
Table source: Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (In press). Classroom lighting and its effect on student learning and
performance: Towards smarter conditions. In M. Rehm, O. Mealha, & T. Rebedea (eds.), Ludic, co-design and tools
supporting smart learning ecosystems and smart education. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Springer.

9. Search and selection
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
Table source: Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (In press). Classroom lighting and its effect on student learning and
performance: Towards smarter conditions. In M. Rehm, O. Mealha, & T. Rebedea (eds.), Ludic, co-design and tools
supporting smart learning ecosystems and smart education. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Springer.
130 papers chosen

10. RQ1: Aspects of classroom lighting
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
Table source: Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (In press). Classroom lighting and its effect on student learning and
performance: Towards smarter conditions. In M. Rehm, O. Mealha, & T. Rebedea (eds.), Ludic, co-design and tools
supporting smart learning ecosystems and smart education. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Springer.

11. Classroom lighting
3.000K 5.200K
2 different CCT lighting settings used with the d2 test in an experiment in Edulab Kortrijk:
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).

12. RQ2: Classroom lighting and cognitive processes
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
The effects of classroom lighting are addressed in terms of its
psychological and cognitive implications such as...

13. Conclusions
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
· LED lighting appears to be the most suited to improving psychological and cognitive processes in the classroom,
such as engagement, learning and feelings.
· Ideally schools need to use higher correlated color temperature (CCT) ambient lighting in their
classrooms to boost alertness and performance, whereas lower CCT can be beneficial for more relaxed activities.
· In consequence, dynamic lighting appears to be necessary. In classrooms, different kinds of activity are
performed and their needs may vary, so lighting should be adaptive.
· The balance between the use of daylight and artificial light is a tricky issue. This research indicates that
artificial and controlled light is the most common option and the one that has been most studied. Despite this, there is no
consensus and some believe that by modifying levels of CCT and intensity, and bearing in mind other factors like
reflections on screens, both can be used.
· Automation is also a major focus of the studies on classroom lighting. Some of them point at the concept
“smart”. A smart classroom would include all aspects of lighting in the classroom so that adaptive and automated solutions
can be given to students’ needs in each learning situation. However, a considerable amount of research still has to be
done before the real impact of (smart) lighting on cognitive processes is fully understood.

14. Future research
5th conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development Mogas, J., & Palau, R. (2020).
Future research must endorse the theory underlying the dynamic lighting (i.e. empirical research proving
how low CCT has an impact on cognitive processes, to sustain the dynamic lighting theory).
Further, research could aim to exploit automation, combining the information with that obtained from
other focuses (e.g. cognitive processes), to provide a better definition of the smart classroom concept.

15. 5th conference on Smart Learning
Ecosystems and Regional Development
Thank you!
Jordi Mogas-Recalde
Ramon Palau
June 30, 2020