Six Sigma is a methodology that aims to reduce defects and improve quality by identifying and removing the causes of errors and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes. The key aspects are: - It uses a "sigma level" scale to measure quality, with higher sigma indicating fewer defects. Six Sigma seeks to operate with no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. - There are two main approaches - DMAIC focuses on improving existing processes, while DMADV is for designing new processes and products. - Organizations implement Six Sigma through teams of Champions, Master Black Belts, Black Belts, Green Belts and Yellow Belts at different levels who lead projects and train others in the methodology.

1. SIX SIGMA
BY

2. What is six sigma?
• Sigma is a measure of “goodness: the capability
of a process to produce perfect work.
• A “defect” is any mistake that results in customer
dissatisfaction.
• Sigma indicates how often defects are likely to occur.
• The higher the sigma level, the lower the defect rate.
• The lower the defect rate, the higher the quality.

5. Why six sigma?
• Sigma allows comparison of products and services
of varying complexity
• Also, it provides a common basis for benchmarking
(competitors and non-competitors).
• The higher the sigma level, the better your operation is
performing.
• Sigma measures how well you’re doing in getting
to zero defects.

6. Why six sigma as a customer what
will you accept?
 What to expect at 3 sigma what to expect at 6
sigma
 5400 wrong drug prescription one wrong drug prescription in 25
per year. years
 Unsafe drinking water about 2 unsafe drinking water for 1 sec in
hours each month 16 years.

7. Possible applications
 Human Resources: reduce the number of requisitions
unfilled after 30 days.
 Customer Service: measure the number of calls
answered on the first ring.
 Order Fulfillment: eliminate Customer returns because
of incorrect parts or product being shipped.
 Finance: reduce the instances of accounts being paid
after a specified time limit has elapsed.

8. What is DMAIC
 it is an approach undertaken to improve existing
business process
 Six sigma combination of 5 interconnected phases of a
process improvement project. Following are the phases:

14. DMADV APPROACH
 This approach is undertaken when there is a need to
create new design or product
 5 steps in DMADV approach-
 Define
 Measure
 Analyze
 Design details
 Verification

15. DMADV explanation
 Define design goals that are consistent with customer demands and
the enterprise strategy.
 Measure and identify CTQs (characteristics that are Critical To
Quality), product capabilities, production process capability, and
risks.

 Analyze to develop and design alternatives, create a high-level
design and evaluate design capability to select the best design.
 Design details, optimize the design, and plan for design verification.
Verify the design, set up pilot runs, implement the production
process and hand it over to the process owners.
 DMADV is also known as DFSS, an abbreviation of "Design For Six
Sigma".

16. Difference b/w DMAIC and DMADV
 IN DMAIC
 1.Defines a business process
 2.Measuring current process
 3.Identify root cause of the recurring problem
 4.Improvements made to reduce defects
 5. Keep check on future performance

17. Difference b/w DMAIC and DMADV
 IN DMADV
 1.Define customer needs
 2.Measure customer needs & specifications
 3.Analyze options to meet customer
satisfaction
 4.Model is designed to meet customer needs
 5.Model put through simulation tests for
verification

18. The six sigma organization.
 The six sigma team has five levels of
hierarchy

19. What is a BELT?
 Belt refers to the level or the position, of a person in an
organization at the time of performing a work or at the
time of implementation of a project.
 There are five “Belt” levels :-
1. Champion
2. Master black belt
3. Black belt
4. Green belt
5. Yellow belt

20. Champion
• Lay down policies and guidelines regarding
functioning of six sigma teams
• Approves six sigma projects
• Removes road blocks in the path of six sigma
implementation
• Receives presentations
• Monitors project
• Make available necessary resources
• Sort out conflicts

21. Master black belts
 The highest level of Six Sigma expertise;
 All duties involve implementation of Six
Sigma, including statistical analysis, strategic
and policy planning and implementation, and
training and mentoring of Black Belts.

22. Black belts
 a Six Sigma-trained professional who has
usually completed an examination and been
certified in its methods;
 all job duties include implementation of Six
Sigma methodology throughout all levels of
the business,
 leading teams and projects, and providing
Six Sigma training and mentoring to Green
and Yellow Belts.

23. Green belt
 In many organizations, Six Sigma's "entry level";
 a Six Sigma-trained professional who does not
work on Six Sigma projects exclusively, but
whose duties include leading projects and teams
and implementing Six Sigma methodology at
the project level

24. Yellow belt
 The lowest level of Six Sigma expertise
 applies to a professional who has a basic
working knowledge and who may manage
smaller process improvement projects,
 but who does not function as a project or
team leader.

26. Thanks for paying
attention