Sip report

SIP Report
Submitted To:
Mam Gargi pant Shukla
Submitted By:
Latasha Patidar

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report (Title ..) has been prepared out by
Mr./Ms.--------------- under my supervision and guidance. The project report is
submitted towards the partial fulfillment of 2 year, full time Master of Business
Administration or PostGraduate Diploma in Management.
Name & Sign of Faculty
Date:

Certificate of work excellence

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I take this opportunity to expressmy profound gratitudeand deep regards
to my Faculty Mentor Gargi Panth Shukla for his guidance, monitoringand
constant encouragementthroughoutthe course of this Internship.
I also take this opportunity to expressa deep sense of gratitude to my
Industry Mentor Mr. rajat for her cordialsupport, valuableinformation
and guidance, which helped me in completing this training through various
stages.
It’s been a great privilege for me to work with career dream
education(moneybarter) asa part of my Summer Internship Program and
allow me to explorethe area of stock market , fund allocation, investment
etc that would help me in my comingfuture, be it studies, assignments or
my career.
I also pay my gratitude to my college Doon BusinessSchool, Dehradun for
providingmewith an opportunity to undertakethis internship, where I
enhance my knowledgeand skills in the field of Equity markets. Finally, I
gratefully acknowledgethe support, guidance& patience of my family and
friends.

DECLARATION
I Latasha Patidar student of MBA of Doon Business School,
Dehradun, hereby declare that the SIP report is an original and
authenticated work done by me. The project was of 45 days duration
and was completed between 5/07/2021 to 20/08/2021 ,I further
declare that it has not been submitted else where by any other person
in any of the institutes for the award of any degree or diploma.
Latasha Patidar
Date:

INTRODUCTION
CAREER DREAMS EDUCATIONS has been working extensively in the field
of education since 2017 . they at CAREER DREAMS EDUCATIONS are
solemnly committed to provide Quality Education and Academic Assistance as
well as Educational-Allied Career-Development Services and Core Edu-
Assistance to the Students, Parents and Associates - based on high standards of
Comprehensive Academic Curriculum aligned with Latest and Upgraded
Educational Oriented Technological and Infrastructural set up, thereby
Nurturing the True Potential of the Students, Transforming their Dreams into
Aspirations and Forging the Most Growth Conducive Environment for
Transforming those Aspirations into their Cherished Accomplishments.
They aspire to be the benchmark in the Educational sector based on Supreme
Standards of Educational Commitment for Excellence, High Moral Standards
backed by the Most Pious Sense of Responsibility. They are dedicated to
develop and design Better and Innovative Edu Solutions for Our Students and
Allied Stakeholders , keeping them Upgraded and Distinctively Ahead in this
Global Competitive Era .
They ,CAREER DREAMS EDUCATIONS are committed to provide Client
Customized Counselling Services, Education Allied services and Career
Development Assistance to our associated esteemed Colleges and Aspiring
Students . Recognised by Indian Government, they are a Registered Enterprise,
under the Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises, engaged in service
sector, REGISTERED UAN - RJ17 D 0061554.
CAREER DREAMS EDUCATIONS is a Multi Dimensional Educational
Development and EduOriented Marketing Enterprise, duly aligned with Edu
Research & Development, to ensure Client Customized EduSolutions for our
aspiring students and Esteemed Colleges, BSchools and Institutions, to forge a
Growth Conducive Environment based on Trust, Honesty and Reliance.
CAREER DREAMS EDUCATIONS is a young and innovative enterprise in the
field of Education Teaching and Counselling, EduManagement EduMarketing
and HR Development. Working on staunch professional ethics, they take pride

in being an earnest advisor to the students in choosing their career options. They
are proud to be recognized by International Standard Organization , ISO 9001-
2015. they aspire to be the most admired brand in the field of Educational
Marketing by exemplifying Growth, Reliance and Excellence.
Moneybarters,
Established in 2021
They at MoneyBarters offer comprehensively Competent Client Customised
Services and Academics Oriented Professional Financial Consultancy in the
arena of Funds Allocation, Portfolio Management, Asset Management, Capital
Structuring, Taxation and Business Regulatory Framework.Mission
They at MoneyBarters are solemnly committed to their mission of Furnishing
Digital Financial Services on a Single-Window Platform in the field of Finance
& Taxation.in 202100% Client Satisfaction.
They are passionate about their Work and the Core Managerial Cult that aims to
ensure 100% Client Satisfaction with a Strategic Approachto develop Client
Customised FinSolutions and unleash the essence of creating Wealthy
Happiness. Trust, Honesty and Reliance.
They ensure every possibleservices to all our esteemed clients and cherishing
the goals of Mutual Prosperity at the right time in the right way, based on Trust,
Honesty and reliance .Client Customised Services and Academics Orientedearn
& Explore
They are enthusiastic to Learn & Explore in the Incredible World of Finance in
this Era of Global Competencies.
egulatory Framework.

TASK 1
What Is Investing?
Investing is the act of allocating resources, usually money, with the expectation
of generating an income or profit. You can invest in endeavors, such as using
money to start a business, or in assets, suchas purchasing real estate in hopes of
reselling it later at a higher price.
What is fund allocation?
Asset allocation is an investment portfolio technique that aims to balance
risk by dividing assets among major categories such as cash, bonds, stocks,
mutual funds, fixed deposits. Each asset class has different levels of return and
risk, so each will behave differently over time.
For instance, while one asset category increases in value, another may decrease
or may not increase as much. Some critics see this balance as a recipe for
mediocre returns, but for most investors, it's the best protection against a major
loss should things ever go amiss in one investment class or sub-class.
The consensus among most financial professionals is that asset allocation is one
of the most important decisions investors make. In other words, your selection
of stocks or bonds is secondary to the way you allocate your assets to high and
low-risk stocks, to short and long-term bonds, and to cash.
There is no simple formula that can find the right asset allocation for every
individual.

What Is the need of a fund allocation
strategy?
1)Providing a disciplined approachto diversification: An asset allocation
strategy is another name for diversification, an important strategy for reducing
portfolio risk. Since different investments are affected differently by economic
events and market factors, owning different types of investments helps reduce
the chance that your portfolio will be adversely affected by a particular risk
type.
2)Encouraging long-terminvesting: An asset allocation strategy is designed
to control your portfolio's long-term makeup. It should not change based on
economic conditions or market fluctuations. Over time, your asset allocation
might change based on changes in your financial situation, your age, and your
progress toward your financial goals.
3)Eliminating the need to time investment decisions: Market timing is
difficult to implement. It is even harder to be right consistently. An asset
allocation strategy based on your goals and risk tolerance is a much better
approachfor most investors.
4)Reducing the risk in your portfolio: Investments with higher returns
typically have higher risk and more volatility in year-to-year returns. Asset
allocation combines more aggressive investments with less aggressive ones.
This combination can help reduce your portfolio's overall risk.
5)Adjusting your portfolio's risk overtime: Your portfolio's risk can be
adjusted by changing allocations for the different investments you hold. By
anticipating changes in your personal situation, you can make those changes
gradually.
6)Focusing onthe big picture: Staying focused on your asset allocation
strategy will help prevent you from investing in assets that won't help
accomplish your goals. Rather than investing in a haphazard manner, it gives
you a framework for making investment decisions.

Investment Sources
1)Fixed deposit
A fixed deposit is one of the most popular investment options in India. Several
people consider fixed deposits as the best investment option and invest a
significant portion of their savings in this instrument. But what is a fixed
deposit?
A fixed deposit is a type of deposit in which a sum of money is locked for a
fixed period of time. However, the tenure for the fixed deposit is decided by the
personwho invests his funds. This tenure could be anywhere from a few days to
several years. In return for locking in these funds, fixed deposits pay the
depositora fixed rate of interest. All banks offer fixed deposits at different rates.
Opening a fixed deposit is extremely simple and can be done both online and
offline.
2) Direct equity
Direct equity investing is one of the best investment options for long term
purpose. It is about the equity shares of a company, which binds you in legal
terms related to the company ownership.
By buying a company’s shares, you also get the right to get involved in
company meetings and have your say on the company’s decisions. Also, you get
the profits as distribution in proportion to your shareholding in the company.
As an investor, you must know that a company’s performance has an impact on
the share price, both positive and negative. Depending on the market conditions
and your risk appetite, you can also chooseto give up the shares back later
either to the company or a third party.

3) Bonds
Just like individuals, companies and government bodies need fund for
infrastructural development and social programs, for which they issue bonds to
the public markets. The interested investors then buy the bonds to help these
entities raise money.
In other words, bonds are fixed-income investment options that cover the loan
made by an investor to a corporateor governmental borrower.
What makes them one of the best investment options in India is that the terms
for fixed interest payment, loan principal, and tenure are all included in the
bond details. Hence, it assures you of the safety of your investment along with
an additional return.
Also, bond prices are inversely proportional to the offered interest rates. It
means that these price fall when interest rates increase and vice versa.
4) Mutual Fund
A mutual fund is a type of financial vehicle made up of a poolof
money collected from many investors to invest in securities like stocks, bonds,
money market instruments, and other assets. Mutual funds are operated by
professional money managers, who allocate the fund's assets and attempt to
producecapital gains or income for the fund's investors. A mutual fund's
portfolio is structured and maintained to match the investment objectives stated
in its prospectus.
Mutual funds give small or individual investors access to professionally
managed portfolios of equities, bonds, and other securities. Each shareholder,
therefore, participates proportionally in the gains or losses of the fund. Mutual
funds invest in a vast number of securities, and performance is usually tracked
as the change in the total market cap of the fund—derived by the aggregating
performance of the underlying investments.
Mutual funds are currently the most popular investment vehicle for the majority
of investors .

DifferentTypes of Mutual Funds Based on Asset Class
Investors should pick mutual funds based on their financial objectives and risk
appetite. Proper mutual fund selection helps you meet your life goals in the
defined time period.
Mutual fund type depends on the defined objective and the underlying asset.
The three broad categories of mutual funds are:
1. Equity Mutual Funds
Equity mutual funds invest the pooled money majorly in stocks ofdifferent
companies. Hence, equity mutual funds have an inherent higher market risk.
Factors like earnings, revenue forecasts, management changes, and company &
economic policy impact price movements and the returns. Returns from equity
mutual funds have high fluctuations. Hence, you should invest, if you have a
fair understanding of the asset class risks associated with equity.
2. Debt Mutual Funds
A debt mutual fund invests a major portion of the pooled corpus in debt
instruments like government securities, corporatebonds, debentures, and
money-market instruments. The bond issuers “borrow”from investors by giving
an assurance of steady and regular interest income. Thus, debt funds are less
risky compared to equity funds. The debt fund manager ensures that the fund is
invested in the highest-rated securities. The best credit rating signifies the
creditworthiness of the issuer in terms of regular interest payments and principal
repayment.

DifferentTypes of Mutual Fund Based on Investment
Objectives
Since mutual funds are all about the mutuality of common goals, mutual fund
schemes are also categorized based on the objectives of investors.
Here are some popular types of mutual funds based on investor objectives:
1. Growth Oriented Scheme
As the name suggests the primary goal of this type of mutual fund is to ensure
wealth creation in the medium and long-term.
Aligned with the objective, the fund manager allocates the corpus
predominantly (over 65%) in equities. With a focus on higher returns, the
manager aggressively shuffles the portfolio to reap the benefits of market
movements.
2. Balanced Fund
The name comes from the asset allocation as the fund is allocated in both
equities and debt instruments in defined proportions. The objective of the
balanced fund is to have reasonable growth and regular income with the lowest
possible risk.
Fund managers of these funds normally allocated approx60% in equities and
rest on debt instruments. NAV of balanced funds is less volatile as compared to
equity funds.
The balanced objective is suitable for those who want to have advantages of
market movements and the safety of the debt market.

3. Liquid Fund
The objective of these schemes is to ensure liquidity, capital protection, and
reasonable income in the short-term.
Most of the pooled fund is invested in short-term safe instruments like
government securities, treasury bills, certificates of deposit, commercial paper,
and inter-bank call money.
Since there isn’t much volatility, these funds are suitable for investors who want
to park money for short-term and earn better returns compared to savings bank
accounts.
Selected source – Liquid Fund
- SO I have selected liquid fund for investing the 2 lakh rupees
- Reason- Liquid fund are excellent to park your idle money for short term
say 3 months . as in these task also the maximum period given for
investing in 3 months.
- Instead of parking your surplus in saving bank account, you can invest in
liquid fund & earn much higher return.
From among 38 different mutual funds
Two selected are
1)NIPPON INDIA LIQUID FUND DIRECT PLAN
Nippon India is one of the India’s top 5 assets management companies
established in 1996 . as reliance mutual fund . it was a joint venture between
India’s reliance capital & Japan’s Nippon life insurance company in October
2019.Reliance stake was bought by Nippon & the fund house renamed as
Nippon India mutual fund.
IT is India’s 1st
mutual fund company to go Public. It is traded on both NSE &
BSE.60% of 2lakh is invested in it for 3 months that is : 1,20,000rs.

2)ICICI PRUDENTIAL LIQUID FUND DIRECT PLAN
ICICI prudential is the 2nd largest asset management company in India it was
established in 1993 headquarter at Mumbai.
40% of 2lakh is invested in it for 3 months that is : 80,000rs.

There Is no standard rule for fund allocation . it depends on
- Person to person
- Income
- Age factor
- Expenses
- Risk profile
Its like eating according to the capacity .

TASK 2
What is Tax ?
To run a nation judiciously, the government needs to collect tax from the
eligible citizens; paying taxes to the local government is an integral part of
everyone’s life, no matter where we live in the world. Now, taxes can be
collected in any form such as state taxes, central government taxes, direct taxes,
indirect taxes, and much more. For your ease, let’s divided the types of taxation
in India into two categories, viz. direct taxes and indirect taxes. This segregation
is based on how the tax is being paid to the government.
A tax is a mandatory fee or financial charge levied by any government on an
individual or an organization to collect revenue for public works providing the
best facilities and infrastructure. The collected fund is then used to fund
different public expenditure programs. If one fails to pay the taxes or refuse to
contribute towards it will invite serious implications under the pre-defined law.
Types of Taxes
Be it an individual or any business/organization, all have to pay the respective
taxes in various forms. These taxes are further subcategorized into direct and
indirect taxes depending on the manner in which they are paid to the taxation
authorities. Let us delve deeper into both types of tax in detail:
1)Direct Tax
The definition of direct tax is hidden in its name which implies that this tax is
paid directly to the government by the taxpayer
The general examples of this type of tax in India are Income Tax and Wealth
Tax.
From the government’s perspective, estimating tax earnings from direct taxes is
relatively easy as it bears a direct correlation to the income or wealth of the
registered taxpayers.

2)Indirect Tax
Indirect taxes are slightly different from direct taxes and the collection method
is also a bit different. These taxes are consumption-based that are applied to
goods or services when they are bought and sold.
The indirect tax payment is received by the government from the seller of
goods/services.
The seller, in turn, passes the tax on to the end-user i.e. buyer of the
good/service.
Thus the name indirect tax as the end-user of the good/service does not pay the
tax directly to the government.
Some general examples of indirect tax include sales tax, Goods and Services
Tax (GST), Value Added Tax (VAT), etc.
What is Income Tax?
Income tax is a direct tax that a government levies on the income of its citizens.
The Income Tax Act, 1961, mandates that the central government collect this
tax. The government can change the income slabs and tax rates every year in its
Union Budget.
Income does not only mean money earned in the form of salary. It also includes
income from house property, profits from business, gains from profession(such
as bonus), capital gains income, and 'income from other sources'. The
government also often provides certain leeway such that various deductions are
made from an individual's income before the tax to be levied is calculated.
Income Tax Returns
Income Tax Returns (ITR) form are the basis of calculating a person's income
tax. It is a statement showing the status of a person, all their sources of revenue,
deductions and, lastly, the tax payable or tax refund, if any.
Income Tax slabs
What income tax rate a person pays depends on the slab they fall in. The
governmenthas categorised incomes into slabs like — up to Rs 250,000, Rs
250,000-Rs 5,00,000, Rs 5,00,000-Rs 1 million, and more than Rs 1 million. The
rates on different slabs might be different based on age groups.

Standard deduction
Tax on some components of income can be waived by the government. These
tax reliefs are known as standard deductions.
Income tax calculations
Incomes Tax rate as per
new regime
Tax rate as per old
regime
1)4,00,000 (5% of 4L =
4L*5/100)
= 20,000
(5% of 4L = 4L*5/100)
= 20,000
2) 7,50,000 Rs.12,500 + 10% (7.5L*
10/100)
= 12,500 + 75,000
= 87,500
Rs.12,500 + 20% (7.5L*
20/100)
= 12,500 + 1,50,000
= 1,62,500
3)12,50,000 Rs.75000 + 20% (12.5L *
20/100)
= 75000 + 2,50,000
= 3,25,000
Rs. 1,12,500 + 30% (12.5L*
30/100)
= 1,12,500 + 3,75,000
= 4,87,500
4)17,60,000 Rs. 1,87,500 + 30% (
17.6L* 30/100)
= 1,87,500 + 5,28,000
= 7,15,500
Rs. 2,62,500 + 30%
(17.6L*30/100)
= 2,62,500 + 5,28,000
= 7,90,500
5)25,20,000 Rs. 1,87,500 + 30%
(25.2L* 30/100)
= 1,87,500 + 7,56,000
Rs. 2,62,500 + 30%
(25.2L*30/100)
= 2,62,500 + 7,56,000

= 9,43,500 = 10,18,500
Deduction under Section 80
1)Section 80C– Deductionson Investments
Section 80C is one of the most popular and favourite sections amongst the
taxpayers as it allows to reduce taxable income by making tax saving
investments or incurring eligible expenses. It allows a maximum deduction of
Rs 1.5 lakh every year from the taxpayers total income.
The benefit of this deduction can be availed by Individuals and HUFs.
Companies, partnership firms, LLPs cannot avail the benefit of this deduction.
Section 80C includes subsections , 80CCC, 80CCD (1) , 80CCD (1b) and
80CCD (2)
2)Section 80D– Medical Insurance
Deductionforthe premiumpaid forMedicalInsurance
You (as an individual or HUF) can claim a deduction of Rs.25,000
under section 80D on insurance for self, spouseand dependent children. An
additional deduction for insurance of parents is available up to Rs 25,000, if
they are less than 60 years of age. If the parents are aged above 60, the
deduction amount is Rs 50,000, which has been increased in Budget 2018 from
Rs 30,000.
In case, both taxpayer and parent(s) are 60 years or above, the maximum
deduction available under this section is up to Rs.1 lakh.
Example: Rohan’s age is 65 and his father’s age is 90. In this case, the
maximum deduction Rohan can claim under section 80D is Rs. 100,000.

From FY 2015-16 a cumulative additional deduction of Rs. 5,000 is allowed for
preventive health check.
3)Section 80C - Deductions of investment from taxable
income
Section 80C is one of the most popular and favourite sections amongst the
taxpayers as it allows to reduce taxable income by making tax saving
investments or incurring eligible expenses. Some of your investments give you
more than just expected returns. You can also save on tax. Section 80C
investments are an important examples of such investments. This deduction is
eligible for an individual and a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF). The deductions
are available in some of the major investments, such as:
 Investment in Public Provident Fund (PPF)
 Unit Linked Investment Plans (ULIPs)
 Equity Linked Savings Schemes (ELSS)
 Employee’s share of Provident Fund contribution
 National Saving Certificates (NSC)
 Life insurance premium payment
 Children’s tuition fee
 Principal repayment of home loan
 Senior Citizens Savings Scheme(SCSS)
Maximum Deduction: `1,50,000*
*The maximum deduction provided here is for the particular section only.
Please also note that, cumulatively, the maximum deduction that can be claimed
under Section 80C, is `1,50,000. Above this, an additional `50,000 can be
claimed as a tax deduction for investment in National Pension Scheme (NPS)
account under Section 80CCD(1B)
Section 80E - Deduction of interest paid on education
loan taken for higher studies
If you have taken an education loan for pursuing higher studies, then you can
claim tax deduction under Section 80E. It is applicable even when the loan may
have been taken for the spouse, children or for a student for whom the taxpayer
is a legal guardian. The deduction is allowed on the interest amount of the loan
and is available for a maximum of 8 years or till the interest is paid, whichever

is earlier. You can even claim the deduction under this if the loan is taken for
financing foreign studies.
Maximum Deduction: No restriction. The deduction allowed for 8 years.
Tax liability calculation
old regime
Income=25,20,000
Less education loan-
5,00,000
New income=20,20,000
Tax rate-30% of total
income exceeding 10 lakh
+ 1,12,500+4% cess
(3,06,000+1,12,500)*4%
=4,18,500+16,740
=4,35,240rupees.
Income=25,20,000
Tax rate-1,87,500+30% of
income exceeding 15,00,000
= 1,87,500+3,06,000
=4,93,500rupees.,

education loan=100,000
Income=17,60,000-100,000
=16,60,000
Tax rate=1,87,500+30%of income exceeding 15,00,000
1,87,500+48,000
Total tax payable is 2,35,500rupees
Income=7,50,000
Medical care=25000
New income=7,25,000
Tax rate
10% of total income exceeding 5lakh i.e.
225,000*@10%+12500
=225,00+12500=37500
Total tax payable is 35,000 rupees.

TASK 3
What is Intraday Trading
Intraday trading means that you buy and sell the stocks onthe same day
What is a Stock?
A stock, also known as equity, is a type of security representing ownership in a
corporation.
Ownership of the company is split up into potentially millions of pieces and
investors can buy the pieces. Each piece is called a share, or stock. The
proportion of how much an investor owns is measured through these units of
stock. How many pieces each company has depends on the individual company.
For example, if a company issues 10,000,000 shares and an investor buys 1,000
shares they own 0.01% of the company.
Stock(also capital stock)is all of the shares into which ownership of a
corporation is divided.[1] In American English, the shares are collectively
known as "stock".[1]A single share of the stockrepresents fractional ownership
of the corporationin proportionto the total number of shares. This typically
entitles the stockholder to that fraction of the company's earnings, proceeds
from liquidation of assets (after discharge of all senior claims such as secured
and unsecured debt),[2] or voting power, often dividing these up in proportion
to the amount of money each stockholder has invested. Not all stockis
necessarily equal, as certain classes of stockmay be issued for example without
voting rights, with enhanced voting rights, or with a certain priority to receive
profits or liquidation proceeds before or after other classes of shareholders.
Stockcan be bought and sold privately or on stockexchanges, and such
transactions are typically heavily regulated by governments to prevent fraud,
protect investors, and benefit the larger economy. The stocks are deposited with
the depositories in the electronic format also known as Demat account. As new
shares are issued by a company, the ownership and rights of existing
shareholders are diluted in return for cash to sustain or grow the business.
Companies can also buy back stock, which often lets investors recoup the initial
investment plus capital gains from subsequent rises in stockprice. Stock
options, issued by many companies as part of employee compensation, do not
represent ownership, but represent the right to buy ownership at a future time at

a specified price. This would represent a windfall to the employees if the option
is exercised when the market price is higher than the promised price, since if
they immediately sold the stockthey would keep the difference (minus taxes).
Selected Companies
1) HUL
Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is an Indian consumer goods
company headquartered in Mumbai, India.[3] It is a subsidiary of
Unilever, a British company. Its products include foods, beverages,
cleaning agents, personal care products, water purifiers and other fast-
moving consumer goods.
HUL was established in 1931 as Hindustan Vanaspati Manufacturing Co.
and following a merger of constituent groups in 1956, it was renamed
Hindustan Lever Limited. The company was renamed in June 2007 as
Hindustan Unilever Limited.
As of 2019 Hindustan Unilever's portfolio had 35 productbrands in 20
categories. The company has 18,000 employees and clocked sales of
₹34,619 crores in FY2017–18.[3]
In December 2018, HUL announced its acquisition of Glaxo Smithkline's
India business for $3.8 billion in an all equity merger deal with a 1:4.39
ratio.[5][6] However the integration of GSK's 3,800 employees remained
uncertain as HUL stated there was no clause for retention of employees in
the deal.[6] In April 2020, HUL completed its merger with
GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare (GSKCH India) after completing
all legal procedures.

If we see the financial figure so revenue is Rs. 47028cr. Net profit is 800
cr. EPS 34.03 , debt to equity is 0 means company is debt free, operating
profit margin should be generally between 13- 25 & it has OPM of 25%
which is great , ROE is very high of 80 ,generally the ROE must be
Above 20 .
2) Havells India
Havells India Limited is an Indian electrical equipment company
based in Noida. In business since 1958, the company has products
ranging from home and kitchen appliances, lighting for domestic,
commercial and industrial applications, LED lighting, fans,
modular switches and wiring accessories, water heaters, industrial
and domestic circuit protection switchgear, industrial and domestic
cables and wires, induction motors, and capacitors among others.
Havells India owns some brands like Havells, Lloyd, Crabtree,
Standard Electric, Reo and Promptech.
The company has 23 branches / representative offices with over
6,000 workers in over 50 countries. India's first Lloyd's exclusive
outlet is acquired by businessman Mr. Rajan Bansal. The store is
situated in western part of New Delhi, Paschim Vihar.[4][5] As of
2016, it has 11 manufacturing plants in India located at Haridwar,

Baddi, Noida, Faridabad, Alwar, Neemrana, and Bengaluru. In
2014, Havells was listed 125th among 1200 of India's most trusted
brands according to the Brand Trust Report2014, a study
conducted by Trust Research Advisory.
If we look at the financial figure of Havells India so revenue is Rs.
10457 cr. Net profit is of 1044 cr. EPS Is 16.68 , debt to equity
ratio is 0.08 , ROE is 20.17
3) Infosys
Infosys Limited is an Indian multinational information technology
company that provides business consulting, information technology
and outsourcing services. The company was founded in Pune and is
headquartered in Bangalore. Infosys is the second-largest Indian IT
company after Tata Consultancy Services by 2020 revenue figures
and the 602nd largest public company in the world according to
Forbes Global 2000 ranking. On 29 July 2021, its market
capitalisation was $93.68 billion. The credit rating of the company
is CRISIL AAA / Stable / CRISIL A1+ (rating by CRISIL).

Now if we look at the financial figure of Infosys .it has revenue of
Rs. 100472, net profit is 19, 423 cr. ROE is 25.34 , Debt to equity
ratio is zero means debt free company . and has good EPS of 45.61.
4) Indigo Paints
Indigo Paints Limited is an Indian paint company that is headquartered in Pune,
Maharashtra, and has three manufacturing facilities that are located at Jodhpur,
Kochi and Pudukkottai. The company is engaged in manufacturing, selling and
distribution of decorative paints, emulsions, enamels, wood coatings, distemper,
primers, putties and cement paints.
On January 20, 2021, Indigo Paints launched its initial public offering of about
1170 crores; the price band was fixed at ₹1,488-1,490 a piece.The issue was
oversubscribed by 117 times. On February, 2 2021, Indigo Paints Limited made
its debut on the NSE and the BSE at a price of ₹2,607.5 per share, a 75 percent
premium over its issue price of ₹1,490. On the listing day, the stockfurther
surged 20% over its listing price to hit the upper circuit at ₹3,129 per share.

Indigo paints has revenue of Rs. 723 cr. Net profit of 20 cr. ROE 26.74, debt to
equity is zero means debtfree company & EPS is 15.55
So the reason for selecting all these company is that all are financially good and
is strong in fundamental like
- Strong management
- Strong brand portfolio
- Strong competitive advantage

My portfolio
I have created portfolio of 5,00,000 shares
- 1,10,000 shares of indigo paints
- 1,00,000 shares of HUL
- 1,50,000 shares of Havells India
- 1,40,000 shares of Infosys

Share price
- Indigo paints = Rs. 2595.10
- HUL = Rs. 2408.65
- Infosys = Rs. 1541.70
- Havells India = Rs. 1089.65
Total investments
- Indigo paints = Rs. 285461000
- HUL = Rs. 240865000
- Infosys = Rs. 215838000
- Havells India = Rs. 163447500

1) Indigo paints
%
gain/loss
Gain /loss value Latest value
1st day 1.28% 3,663,000 2,89,124,000
2nd day -1.49% 4,295,500 2,84,828,500
3rd day 0.40% 1,127,500 2,85,956,000
4th day 0.40% 1,127,500 2,85,956,000
2) Havells India
%
gain/loss
1st day 1.28% 2,085,000 165,532,500
2nd day 4.33% 7,162,500 172,695,000
3rd day -0.66% 1,132,500 171,562,500
4th day -0.66% 3,77,500 57,187,500
3) Infosys
%
gain/loss
1st day 0.54% 1,169,000 217,007,000
2nd day 2.59% 5,621,000 222,628,000
3rd day 0.02% 35,000 222,663000
4th day 0.02% 35,000 222,663000

4)HUL
%
gain/loss
1st day 1.09% 2,625,000 243,490,000
2nd day -2.33% 5,675,000 237,815,000
3rd day -0.84% 4,01,000 47,162,000
4th day -0.84% 4,01,000 47,162,000
So overall at the end of the day there was a Gain of
1.49% that is Rs. 90,14,000.

TASK 4
goods and services tax
The goods and services tax (GST)is a value-added tax levied on most goods
and services sold for domestic consumption. The GST is paid by consumers, but
it is remitted to the government by the businesses selling the goods and services.
There are three taxes applicable under this system:
CGST, SGST & IGST.
CGST:It is the tax collected by the Central Government on an intra-state sale
(e.g., a transaction happening within Maharashtra)
SGST:It is the tax collected by the state government on an intra-state sale (e.g.,
a transaction happening within Maharashtra)
IGST:It is a tax collected by the Central Government for an inter-state sale
(e.g., Maharashtra to Tamil Nadu)
illustration:
Let us assume that a dealer in Gujarat had sold the goods to a dealer in Punjab
worth Rs. 50,000. The tax rate is 18% comprising of only IGST.
In such a case, the dealer has to charge IGST of Rs.9,000. This revenue will go
to Central Government.
The same dealer sells goods to a consumer in Gujarat worth Rs. 50,000. The
GST rate on goods is 12%. This rate comprises CGST at 6% and SGST at 6%.
The dealer has to collect Rs.6,000 as Goods and Service Tax, Rs.3,000 will go
to the Central Government and Rs.3,000 will go to the Gujarat government
since the sale is within the state.

What is GST Return?
A GST return is a document containing details of all income/sales and/or
expense/purchase which a taxpayer (every GSTIN)is required to file with the tax
administrative authorities. This is used by tax authorities to calculate net tax
liability.
under GST, a registered dealer has to file GST returns that broadly include:
 Purchases
 Sales
 Output GST (On sales)
 Input tax credit (GST paid on purchases)
Who should file GSTReturns?
In the GST regime, any regular business having more than Rs.5 crore as annual
aggregate turnover has to file two monthly returns and one annual return. This
amounts to 26 returns in a year.
The number of GSTR filings vary for quarterly GSTR-1 filers under QRMP
scheme. The number of GSTR filings online for them is 9 in a year, including the
GSTR-3B and annual return.
There are separate returns required to be filed by special cases such
as composition dealers whose number of GSTR filings is 5 in a year.

Types Of GST Returns
1. GSTR – 1: Return for Outward Supplies
GSTR-1is a monthly return of outward supplies undertaken by a normal
registered taxpayer under GST. In other words, this monthly return showcases
the sales transactions of a business in a particular month.
Who Needs To File GSTR-1?
Every normal registered taxpayer under GST is required to file GSTR-1each
month. This return showcases details of 1) invoices, 2) debit notes, 3) credit
notes and 4) revised invoices issued pertaining to your outward supplies.
Due Date for Filing GSTR-1
The standard date for filing GSTR-1is 10 days from the end of the month for
which such a return is to be filed. However, the due date to file GSTR 1 can be
extended for any class of persons beyond the tenth of the succeeding month by
the Commissioner. The reasons for suchan extension would be notified.
2. GSTR – 2: Return for Inward Supplies
GSTR-2is a monthly return of inward supply of goods and services as agreed
by the recipient of the goods and services. In other words, GSTR-2contains
details with regards to the purchases made by the recipient in a particular
month. The information contained in GSTR-2is auto-populated with the details
contained in GSTR-2A.
Every normal registered taxpayer under GST is required to provide details
regarding inward supplies or purchases made for each month in GSTR-2. This
return showcases details with regards to purchases made from registered and
unregistered taxable persons, debit notes and credit notes issued with respect to
the inward purchases etc.

Hence, the recipient makes use of the details auto-populated in Form GSTR-2A
with details uploaded by supplier in GSTR-1. The recipient makes necessary
changes if required in GSTR-2after verifying the information auto-populated in
GSTR-2A.
The process ofmaking changes and filing GSTR-2is required to be undertaken
between 11th and 15th day of the succeeding month for which return is to be
filed.
3. GSTR – 2A: Read Only Document
GSTR-2Ais a read only document. This document gets auto-populated once the
supplier uploads the details in GSTR-1. In other words, GSTR-2Aenables the
recipient to verify the details uploaded by the supplier in GSTR 1. Also the
recipient could accept, reject, modify or keep the invoices pending using the
said details. However, such changes are made by the recipient in GSTR 2.
Who Needs To File GSTR-2A?
GSTR-2Ais made available to every normal registered taxpayer filing return
under GST. This is because it is a read only document that gets auto-populated
with details uploaded by supplier in GSTR-1.
Due Date for Filing GSTR-2A
GSTR-2Ais a read-only document used by the recipient to match the details
uploaded by the supplier in GSTR-1. Thus, the recipient can accept, reject,
modify or keep the invoices pending in case there is any mismatch. However,
the recipient can make actual changes, if any, only in Form GSTR 2. This
process ofmaking changes and filing GSTR-2is to be undertaken between 11th
and 15th day of the month succeeding the month for which sucha return is to be
filed.
4. GSTR – 3B: Summary of Inward and Outward Supplies
GSTR 3B is a simplified monthly summary return of inward and outward
supplies. It is a self declaration showcasing the summary of GST liabilities of

the taxpayer for the tax period in question. Moreover, it helps the taxpayer to
discharge the tax liabilities in a timely manner.
GSTR-3Bis a form that cannot be revised. Furthermore, this form does not
require the compliance of comparing invoices between supplier and purchaser.
That means both the suppliers and the recipients file the GSTR-3B form
separately. Therefore, such a facility does not cause delays in filing of returns
which would consequently attract late fees and interest.
Who Needs To File GSTR-3B?
Every normal registered taxpayer filing GST Returns is required to file GSTR-
3B. GSTR-3B is also filed during the tax periods for which the tax liability is
zero. That is, a taxpayer needs to file a Nil Return in case there are no outward
or inward transactions during a particular month.
Due Date for Filing GSTR-3B
The GSTR-3Bmust be submitted by the 20th of the month succeeding the tax
period for which GST is filed. In case no transactions have been undertaken in a
particular month, the registered person needs to file a NIL return for that period.
5. GSTR – 4: Return For Composition Dealers
GSTR-4is a quarterly return that needs to be filed by a registered taxpayer who
has signed up for the Composition Scheme. Under this scheme, small taxpayers
having a turnover of upto Rs 1.5 Crores need to pay tax at a fixed rate and file
quarterly return. This is unlike the normal registered dealer who files three
returns every month including GSTR-1, GSTR-2and GSTR-3B.
The Composition Scheme was introduced under GST in order to reduce the
compliance burden on small taxpayers. Every registered taxpayer opting for
Composition Scheme is required to file quarterly return in GSTR-4.
The due date for filing GSTR-4is 18th of every month following the quarter for
which such a return needs to be filed. Say for instance, Kapoor Pvt Ltd is a
composition dealer who needs to file his GST return for the quarter January –
March 2019. The due date for filing GSTR-4therefore would be April 18, 2019.

6. GSTR – 5: Return For Non-Resident Taxable Persons
GSTR-5is a monthly return filed by every non-resident taxable person. This
return includes details pertaining to:
 inward supplies
 outward supplies
 any interest, penalty, fees
 tax payable or tax paid or
 any other amount payable under the act
Furthermore, this is the only return to be filed by a non-resident taxable person.
This means, a non-resident taxable person is not required to file any annual
return.
Unlike a normal registered taxpayer, a non-resident taxable personis required to
File monthly return in For GSTR-5. A non-resident taxable person means a
personwho supplies goods or services occasionally. This person does not have
a fixed place of business or residence in India. Moreover, he can supply goods
or services either as a principal or an agent or in any other capacity.
The details in GSTR 5 need to be filed within a time period that is earlier of:
 within 20 days after the end of the calendar month or within
 7 days after the last date of validity of the registration
7. GSTR – 6: Return For Input Service Distributors
GSTR 6 is a monthly return that an Input Service Distributor files every
calendar month. This return provides information of all the invoices on which
credit has been received and are issued by an ISD. This means that it gives a
summary of the total input tax credit available for distribution during a
particular month. Thus, the details of the invoices that an ISD furnishes in form

GSTR 6 are made available to every recipient of the credit. These details are
visible to the recipient in part B of form GSTR 2A.
What is GSTR-6A?
GSTR 6A is an auto drafted, read only form. This form is generated
automatically based on the details furnished by the suppliers of an ISD in form
GSTR 1. This form contains details pertaining to the supplies against which
credit is received for distribution. It also includes the details pertaining to
the debit notes and credit notes received during the current tax period.
GSTR-6needs to be filed on the thirteenth day of the month succeeding the
month for which tax is to be paid. Say for instance, Kapoor Pvt Ltd is registered
as an ISD in Mumbai having branches in Mumbai, Hyderabad, Bangalore and
Gurgaon. KapoorPvt Ltd needs to file ISD return for the month November
2018. Hence, the last date to file GSTR 6 for Kapoor Pvt Ltd is December 13,
2018.
8. GSTR – 7: Return For Taxpayers Deducting TDS
GSTR 7 is a monthly return that is required to be filed by the deductors who are
required to deduct TDS under GST. Sucha return consists of the details
regarding:
 tax deducted at source,
 the liability towards TDS,
 TDS Refund claimed if any
 Interest, late fees etc. paid or payable
What is GSTR-7A?
GSTR-7Ais an auto-generated form. The form gets generated once the deductor
furnishes details in Form GSTR-7on the common portal. If the details furnished
by the deductorare accepted by the deductee, then a TDS certificate is made
available to the deductee electronically.
GSTR-7is required to be filed by the deductor within 10 days after the end of
the month in which the deduction was made. Forexample, the due date for
filing GSTR-7for the month of June 2018 would be 10th July, 2018.

9. GSTR – 8: Return For E-CommerceOperators Collecting
TCS
GSTR 8 is a monthly return furnished by every electronic commerce operator
who is required to deductTax Collected at Sourceunder GST. This return
reflects details of the supplies made through e-commerce portal and the amount
of tax collected from suppliers of goods and services. Furthermore, the operator
can also make changes to the details of supplies furnished in any of the earlier
period statements.
The last date to file GSTR 8 is the 10th day of the month succeeding the month
for which TCS is to be collected. Thus, the amount of tax that the operator
collects also needs to be deposited by the 10th day of the following month
during which such a collection is made. Furthermore, the operator is also
required to file an annual statement in the prescribed format in GSTR 9B. This
return needs to be filed by 31st December following the end of each financial
year.
10. GSTR – 9: Annual Return For Normal Registered
Taxpayer Under GST
Section 44(1) requires that:
Every registered personshall furnish electronically an annual return for every
financial year in the prescribed form, except the following:
 Input Service Distributor
 Person paying tax under section 51 or section 52,
 Casual taxable person
 Non-resident taxable person
Furthermore, persons registered under GST but having no transactions during
the year are still required to file a Nil Annual Return.
Such a return needs to be furnished on or before the 31stday of December
following the end of such financial year. To further add to this, Rule 80(1) of

the CGSTRules, 2017 states that such registered person shallfurnish an annual
return electronically in FormGSTR-9. This return needs to be filed through the
common portal either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the
Commissioner.
11. GSTR – 9A: Annual Return For Composition Dealers
GSTR 9A is the annual return that every registered person opting for
composition levy needs to file every financial year. This return is in addition to
the quarterly returns filed by a composition dealer during a financial year. Thus,
GSTR 9A is an annual return filed by a composition dealer containing details
that relate to the quarterly returns filed by him during the year. This return
contains details with regards to supplies made by the taxpayer during the year
under composition scheme. These details include:
 inward and outward supplies,
 tax paid,
 input credit availed or reversed,
 tax refunds,
 late fee etc
Due Date for Filing GSTR-9A
The due date to file GSTR 9A is on or before December 31 succeeding the close
of a particular financial year for which the return needs to be filed. For instance,
Mr. Kapoor is a composition taxpayer who needs to file his annual return for the
financial year 2017 – 2018. Thus, Mr. Kapoor needs to file his annual return in
form GSTR 9A on or before December 31, 2019. However, this date can be
extended by a proper officer through a notification.

12. GSTR – 9B: Annual Return For E-CommerceOperators
CollectingTCS
Every electronic commerce operator required to collect tax at sourceunder
section 52 shall furnish annual statement in FORM GSTR -9B. This return
includes all the information furnished by the e-commerce operators in the
monthly returns filed during the financial year.
Due Date for Filing GSTR-9B
All the e-commerce taxpayersare required to file GSTR-9B on or before
31stDecember followingthe close of the financialyear.
13. GSTR – 9C: Return For Registered Persons Getting
Accounts Audited From CA
Every registered personhaving an aggregate turnover of more than Rs. 2 crores
during a financial year must get his accounts audited by a CA or costaccount.
Furthermore, he needs to submit the annual return, a copyof the audited
accounts and a reconciliation statement. This reconciliation statement is in Form
GSTR 9C. So basically, GSTR 9C is a reconciliation statement reconciling
value of supplies declared in annual return with the audited annual accounts.
Due Date for Filing GSTR-9C
The due date for filing GSTR-9C is the same as that for filing annual returns in
GSTR-9. Hence, GSTR-9C shall be submitted on or before 31st December of
the year subsequent to the relevant FY under audit. Forinstance, the due date
for filing GSTR-9C forthe FY 2017-2018 shall be 31st December 2018.
14. GSTR – 10: Return For Registered Person Whose GST
RegistrationGets Cancelled
GSTR-10is a final return required to be filed by a registered person whose GST
Registration gets cancelled. Such a registered persondoes not include:
 Input Service Distributor
 Person paying tax under composition scheme
 Non-resident taxable person

 Person collecting TDS or TCS
Further, Form GSTR-10 is filed electronically through the common portal either
directly or via a facilitation centre as prescribed by the Commissioner. The
intent of filing this final return is to make sure that the taxpayer pays of any
liability outstanding. This liability may include an amount equivalent to the
amount that is higher of:
 input tax related to stockof finished and semi-finished goods, capital
goods or plant and machinery or
 output tax payable on such goods
The registered personwhose GST Registration has been cancelled is required to
file final return in Form GSTR-10within a period which is later of:
 3 months from the date of cancellation or
Date of order of cancellation
15. GSTR – 11: Return For UIN (Unique Identification
Number) Holders
GSTR-11is a return to be furnished by a personwho has been allotted a Unique
Identification Number (UIN). UIN is issued so that the registered person
obtaining the same can claim refunds for GST paid on goods and services
purchased by them in India.
Who Can Apply For UIN?
UIN is allotted to foreign embassies and diplomatic missions who are not
required to pay taxes in India. This number is issued so that these organizations
can claim a refund for the amount of tax paid to the Indian Tax Authorities. In
order to claim the refund on GST paid, these organizations need to file GSTR-
11.
The organizations that can apply for UIN include:
 Specialized agency of the United Nations Organization
 A consulate or embassy of foreign countries

 Multilateral financial institution and organization notified under the
United Nations (Privileges and Immunities) Act, 1947
 Any other personor class of persons as may be specified by the
Commissioner
The due date for filing GSTR-11is 28th of the month succeeding the month in
which inward
supplies are received by the UIN holders. This means, GSTR-11is not filed on
a monthly basis. Rather, this form is filed on case-to-casebasis as and when the
supplies are made.
# Company which file monthly , quarterly,
Annually
- Tata consumerproduct ltd.
Late Fees for not Filing Return on Time
If GST Returns are not filed within time, you will be liable to pay interest and a
late fee.
Interest is 18% per annum. It has to be calculated by the taxpayer on the amount
of outstanding tax to be paid. The time period will be from the next day of filing
to the date of payment.
Late fees is Rs. 100 per day per Act.
So it is 100 under CGST & 100 under SGST. Totalwill be Rs. 200/day.
Maximum is Rs. 5,000. There is no late fee on IGST. However, currently, a
reduced late fees of Rs 50 per day of delay(Rs 20 for NIL return) is applicable
for those who file GSTR-1and GSTR-3B.
There are prescribed formats for each of the above of the returns. The forms
may seem complex and difficult to understand. Do not worry, you can file your
returns very easily using ClearTax GST Software. Sign-up now and try it
yourself.

TASK 5
What is E-Gold?
E-Gold is another form of Investing in Gold where no physical gold is traded. In
2010, National SpotExchange (NSE) launched e-gold in India in order to
benefit investors who wish to invest in gold. The biggest benefit of e-gold is
that it allows investors to invest in gold with much lower denominations than
physical gold. But, before going into details, let us understand the basics of
Investing in gold in the electronic form.
E-Gold Investment
E-gold is the process ofbuying gold electronically. To invest here, one should
have a Trading Account with specified NSEL dealers. E-gold units can be
bought and sold through the exchange (NSE) just like shares. Here one unit of
e-gold is equal to 1 gram of gold. Investors who wish to invest in gold as part of
their long-term Financial goals can buy e-gold in small quantities and keep it in
their Demat account. Once their target is achieved, they can take the physical
delivery of gold through the exchange. Thosewho don’twish to take the
physical delivery can always sell the electronic units and encash them. By
buying gold in electronic form, one need not worry about the purity of gold and
the safe-keeping of gold.
disadvantages of E-Gold
 The storage charge of this productis 60 paisa per unit per month.
 Hacking of an account can sometimes be an issue, however with today's
security systems in place with exchanges this does not usually take place.
At a client account level, the customer should maintain the secrecy of
passwords and ensure that the accountis protected.
How to Invest in E-Gold?
Open a Demat Account
For purchasing commodities in NSE, it is necessary to have a Demat account.
One can keep a separateDemat accountfor equities and commodities or keep

the sameone. To open an account, one can submitall the required
documentation to NSE.
Trading
Once your account is opened, you can log in and buy e-gold. You can trade
from 10 am to 11:30 pm on weekdays. Your gold units would get credited to
your Demat account in T+2 days (date plus one day).
Physical Delivery
If you want, you can take physical delivery of gold at any time by redeeming e-
gold units to your Demat account.
Benefits of Investing in Digital Gold
By investing in Digital Gold, investors can enjoy a host of benefits that are
over and above the benefits that come with purchasing physical gold at a
store. Investing in Digital Gold on Finserv MARKETS lets investors avail
the following benefits:
 No Storage Cost: On Finserv MARKETS, investing in Digital Gold
allows you to store your gold in a vault for five years at no additional
cost.
 Purchase Gold in Small Amounts: You can buy Digital Gold on
Finserv MARKETS for as little as Rs. 100.
 Buy at Market Rates: When you buy Digital Gold on Finserv
MARKETS, you are buying it at the live market prices which are the
same across the country. You also get to save making fees and other
charges associated with buying gold in the physical form.
 Redeem at your convenience: Storing gold in the form of jewellery
drives up costs not just through the making charges, but also in terms
of storage costs. By investing in Digital Gold on Finserv MARKETS,
you can choose to have the gold redeemed only when it is absolutely
essential.
 Safety and Purity Assured: Digital Gold you purchase on Finserv
MARKETS is Assay certified 24K gold. The gold you purchase is
backed up by physical gold with the portal, thereby ensuring your
investment’s security at all times. You also get access to a vault at no
additional cost, for five years; after which point you can choose to
redeem or sell the gold.

 Easy Liquidity: While gold as an investment instrument is preferred
owing to the easy liquidity it offers, digital gold is even more liquid.
You can buy and sell it at market rates that are the same across the
country, and avail cash easily in case of a financial emergency.
E-Gold- Taxes and Charges
 It charges INR 100 as a conversion rate of 1 gram coin and INR 400 for
conversion of 8 gram/10 gram coins. In case of 100-gram coins and one-
kg bar, the exchange doesn'tcharge any cost.
 If you hold this productfor less than 36 months, then short-term Capital
Gain tax is applicable as per the slab rates. And if e-gold is held for than
36 months, then e-Gold Capital gain tax applicable at 10 percent.
 One is also required to pay VAT @ 1% throughout the country as well as
octroicharges (when your purchase enters the state) to convert electronic
units into physical coins.
 The storage charge of this product which is held in physical form by NSE
is 60 paisa per unit per month..
What Is an ETF?
 An exchange traded fund (ETF) is a basket of securities that trade on an
exchange, just like a stock.
 ETF share prices fluctuate all day as the ETF is bought and sold; this is
different from mutual funds that only trade once a day after the market
closes.
 ETFs can contain all types of investments including stocks, commodities,
or bonds;some offer U.S. only holdings, while others are international.
 ETFs offer low expense ratios and fewer broker commissions than buying
the stocks individually.
An ETF is called an exchangetraded fund since it's traded on an exchange just
like stocks. Theprice of an ETF’s shares will change throughout the trading day
as the shares are bought and sold on the market. This is unlike mutual funds,
which are not traded on an exchange, and trade only once per day after the
markets close. Additionally, ETFs tend to be more cost-effective and more
liquid when compared to mutual funds.

Who should invest in Gold ETFs
Gold ETFs are suitable for investors who are looking to diversify their portfolio
with exposure to the gold market. It is a low-risk investment which suits
conservative investors. The money invested goes towards standard gold bullion
of 99.5% purity. Gold ETFs are a low-risk investment even if traded in the stock
exchanges. Individuals who do not wish to spend money on storage and
additional taxes such as in the case of physical gold can also opt for gold ETFs.
Features & benefits of Gold ETFs
Flexibility
Gold ETFs can be purchased online and placed in your Demat account. The
asset management company (AMC) is responsible for trading them on a stock
exchange. Meaning, you can enter/exit whenever required. Even in the Demat
format, gold ETFs behave the same as physical gold.
Liquidity
Gold ETFs offer high liquidity as they can be traded in the stockexchange
during a trading session at the prevailing price. Also, the transactional expenses
(broker fee and govt duty) is less than that of physical gold.
Smaller denomination
Approaching a retailer will need a large amount of money to purchase gold.
However, in the case of gold ETFs, you have the advantage to decide the
quantum you wish to buy and sell.
Ease ofparticipation in the gold market
With gold ETFs, investors acquire exposure to the gold market – a transparent,
profitable and safe platform. Also, they come with significant liquidity as gold
can be traded instantly without any hassle.
Easyto hold for long
Gold ETFs do not levy wealth tax on Gold ETFs as opposed to physical gold.
Storage (in demat account) and safety are no issues either. Hence, you can hold
on to your ETFs for as long as you want.

Tax-efficiency
They offer a tax-friendly means to hold gold as the returns generated from Gold
ETFs are subject to long-term capital gains tax. However, there will be no
additional burden of sales tax, VAT, or wealth tax.
Use of exchange platform (NSE)
Gold ETF investors can use the stockexchange platform – National Stock
Exchange (NSE) – to keep transactions and trade transparently.
Ease oftransaction
Aside from listing and trading on the stockexchange, you can also use it as
security for secured loans. Transactions are quicker and seamless with zero
entry and exit load.
Cost-effective
Golf ETFs do not attract making charges like physical gold in the form of
ornaments or bars. You can purchase it at international rates. Hence, there will
be no mark-up at all.
Risk factors
Like any equity fund, the NAV or Net Asset Value of a gold ETF can go up or
down as per the market trends. Similarly, the extra expenses like the fund
manager’s fee and others can impact the returns.

What is physical gold investment?
Gold is among the most preferred forms of investment in India. It is an asset
that comes with emotional and social value. In India, the purchase of gold
happens in the physical form of gold coins, bars, jewellery, and gold biscuits.
And most of the time it is for consumption.
One can purchase gold directly from banks, or jewellers, or any dealers. There
are no intermediaries and contracts. Hence buying physical gold has no
counterparty risk. Gold can be liquidated easily anywhere in the world in return
for cash. It is a universally accepted asset and can be used anytime in case of
emergency. Though the purchase of gold is usually kept confidential, it is good
to store all the bills and receipts for the purposeof income tax.
The tax on capital gains from gold depends on the holding period of the asset.
Supposethe gold is sold before the completion of 36 months from purchase. In
that case, the STCG are taxable at the individual’s income tax slab rates. If the
gold is sold after 36 months from the purchase, then the long-term capital gains
are taxable at 20% with indexation benefit and 1-% without indexation benefit.
Benefitsof investingin physicalgold
Following are the benefits of investing in physical gold:
 Take physical possession:Investors can hold investment in physical
form. They can be in ornaments form, bars or coins. Hence it is one of the
most secure investments.
 Emergency:In case of a market or economic crash, the value of an asset
may vanish, while the physical gold that you hold still remains.
Therefore, it protects the investor during an emergency. Gold ETFs won’t
offer advantages that physical gold offers in case of unforeseen political
and social catastrophes. Physical gold offers ‘financial insurance’.
 Inflation and currency depreciation: Gold investments help in
protecting wealth against inflation and currency devaluation.
 Complete control over wealth: Holding physical gold helps investors to
decide when to buy and when to sell. The investor holds the
responsibility towards the asset. Hence the complete control lies with the
investor.

Is Gold ETF better than physical gold?
Gold ETFs and physical gold are different forms of investing in gold. Both lead
to the same end goal of diversifying the portfolio. However, both differ in terms
of safety and liquidity. While Gold ETFs are safer, physical gold is universally
accepted. Physical gold is very liquid in comparison to all other forms of gold.
Gold ETFs are purely for investment purposes. While physical gold is for both
investment and consumption. In Gold ETFs (mutual funds) buying and selling is
more transparent. At the same time, physical gold involves no counterparty risk.
Hence it is important for individuals to consider their needs and goals before
choosing one form of gold as an investment.
Sovereign Gold Bonds
Sovereign gold bonds are RBI mandated certificates issued against grams of
gold, allowing individuals to invest in gold without the strain of safekeeping
their physical asset. Sovereign gold bonds act as a secure investment tool
among individuals, as gold prices are less susceptible to market fluctuations.
Owing to the popularity and widespread demand for gold, prices of such
assets tend to rise significantly over time, a highly prospective investment
avenue.As these bonds are issued by the RBI under Government of India
stocks, a particular window is pre-set for subscription, during which
a sovereign gold bond scheme is issued in the name of investors in tranches.
Generally, the RBI announces issuance of latest sovereign bonds in a press
release every 2-3 months, with a one week window during which individuals
can subscribe to this scheme.
A holding certificate is issued in the name of an investor upon successful
purchase of a sovereign gold bond.

Advantages of Investing in Sovereign Gold Bonds
 Low risk
A sovereign gold bond is issued in accordance with the Government Security
Act of 2006 by the Reserve Bank of India, on behalf of the central
government. Such government backing makes sovereign gold bonds one of
the safest forms of investments available in India, as chances of defaults on
repayment is zero. Any risk associated with such investments can be
attributed to market fluctuations, causing volatility in gold prices.
 Convenience
Sovereign gold bonds were launched under the gold monetisation scheme by
the central government in November 2015. The primary aim of such treasury
bonds was to reduce the hassles involved with gold investments, as bullions
and other physical forms of investments required proper and secure storage.
Investors purchasing a gold bond are issued a holding certificate as a
declaration of their investment, thereby acting as proof of the same.
Individuals can also choose to digitise such holding certificates to utilise them
in their Demat accounts, thus enhancing the security of their investment even
further.
 Capital appreciation
Sovereign gold bond returns are substantial as the price of this precious metal
tends to rise in the long term. During times of stock market turmoil, investors
tend to shift towards gold, as it has the potential to hold its value even during
under performance of major functional companies.
SAFEST : Zero risk of handling physical gold
Earn Interest : 2.75% assured interest per annum on the initial investment

Tax Benefits : No TDS applicable on interest Indexation benefit if bond is
transferred before maturity. Capital Gain Tax exempt on Redemption
Assurance of Purity : RBI will announce the price before the issue date which
will be fixed on the previous week's simple average of closing price of gold of
999 purity published by IBJA.
SovereignGuarantee : Both on redemption amount and on the interest
EasyExit Option : The tenure of the bond is for 8 years with an option to
redeem from 5th Year Onwards on the date on which interest is payable.
Ease ofBorrowing Loan : SGB can be used as collateral for loans
Traded on Exchange : Tranche 1 trading commenced from 13th June 2016
onwards.
Who Should Consider Investing in Sovereign Gold Bonds?
A sovereign gold bond scheme is one of the most profitable investment
avenues, owing to its widespread benefits and low restrictions. Individuals
having a low aptitude for risk but want to enjoy substantial returns on their
corpus can choose to invest their funds in this scheme, as they are one of the
highest returns bearing government-mandated scheme.
Individuals can also diversify their investment portfolio through sovereign
gold bonds, which, in turn, compensates for exposure to stock market risks. In
the event of the stock market downturn, gold tends to appreciate in value,
thereby mitigating the overall risk level of an entire investment portfolio for
the investors.Compared to physical gold investments and gold ETFs, a
sovereign gold bond can arguably be more profitable, as it is backed by the
highest financial authority. However, purchasing such sovereign bonds should
be considered only after analysing the financial goals and time frame of
investment, as considerable funds have to be kept locked in to realise
subsequent returns in the future. Also, interested individuals need to follow the
RBI’s website periodically to for successful subscription to such sovereign
gold bonds.

Here is why you should invest in Sovereign gold bonds:
1) The investors will be compensated at a fixed rate of 2.50 per cent per annum
payable semi-annually on the nominal value.
2) Unlike physical gold, there is no issue of storage when it comes to investing
in SGBs, hence they are more secure.
3) Bonds will be tradable on stockexchanges within a fortnight of the issuance
on a date as notified by the RBI.
4) There is no goods and services tax (GST) levied on sovereign gold bonds,
unlike gold coins and bars. When you buy digital gold, you need to pay 3% of
GST just like in the case of buying physical gold. Also, there are no making
charges on SGBs
5) Sovereign gold bonds can be used as collateral for loans. The loan-to-value
(LTV) ratio is to be set equal to the ordinary gold loan mandated by the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) from time to time. The lien on the bond shall be marked in
the depository by the authorised banks.
6) Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme was launched by the government in November
2015, under Gold Monetisation Scheme. Under the scheme, the issues are made
open for subscription in tranches by RBI.
Investors can invest in SGBs through their Demat accounts or via online
banking.
The government will offer a discount of ₹50 per gram less than the nominal
value to those investors applying online and the payment against the application
is made through digital mode.

REFRENCES
https://www.goodreturns.in/personal-finance/investment/investing-in-physical-
gold-know-advantages-and-disadvantages/articlecontent-pf21960-
1217931.html.
gold-know-advantages-and-disadvantages/articlecontent-pf21960-1217931.html
gold-know-advantages-and-disadvantages/articlecontent-pf21964-1217931.html
https://www.bankofbaroda.in/blogdetail.htm?23
https://www.maxlifeinsurance.com/blog/investments/best-investment-options-
in-
india#:~:text=Direct%20equity%20investing%20is%20one,related%20to%20th
e%20company%20ownership.
https://scripbox.com/mf/what-is-mutual-fund
https://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/the-smarter-mutual-fund-
investor/2011/07/27/6-reasons-you-need-an-asset-allocation-strategy

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