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Singapore Maths
    The Emphasis on Visuals
   Multi-Step Problems on Fractions
Harris Federation, London  October 2012

                 Yeap Ban Har
           Marshall Cavendish Institute
                    Singapore

            yeapbanhar@gmail.com

                Slides are available at
           www.banhar.blogspot.com
Jerome Bruner

• Enactive Representation (Concrete)
• Iconic Representation (Pictorial)
• Symbolic Representation (Abstract)




                                                         Reference
                       http://www.theoryfundamentals.com/bruner.htm
Howard Gardner

Theory of Multiple Intelligences
• Spatial
• Linguistic
• Logical-mathematical
• Bodily-kinesthetic
• Musical
• Interpersonal
• Intrapersonal
• Naturalistic
                       Gardner, 1983
Primary Mathematics (Third Edition)




See Ho, S. Y. & Yeap, B. H. (2011). Development of Visualization Skills in Singapore Primary
School Mathematics Textbooks. Paper presented at PME-35 Angkara, Turkey.
See also Yeap, B. H. (2011). The Emphasis of Primary-Level Textbooks in Singapore on
Higher-Order Thinking Skills. Paper presented at International Conference on School
Mathematics Textbooks Shanghai, China.
Visuals are used to teach
concepts – distributive
property of multiplication
– without using formal
terms.




     Primary Mathematics (Third Edition)
emphasis
visualization
Example 1  Primary 5  Year 6




        3 units = 18
        1 units = 18  3 = 6
        6 x 8 = 48
        There were 48 coins at first.
Example 2  Primary 5  Year 6

Mr Chen had some durians for
sale. He sold 24 durians in the
morning. In the afternoon, he sold
2
   of the remainder.
7
             1
Then, he had   of the total number of durians left.
             2
                                                My Pals Are Here! Maths Primary 5


                                             3 units = 24
      24
                                             1 units = 24  3 = 8


How many durians did Mr Chen had at first?
10 units = 8 x 10 = 80
At first, Mr Chen had 80 durians for sale.

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Singapore Maths at Harris Workshop 2

  • 1. Singapore Maths The Emphasis on Visuals Multi-Step Problems on Fractions Harris Federation, London  October 2012 Yeap Ban Har Marshall Cavendish Institute Singapore yeapbanhar@gmail.com Slides are available at www.banhar.blogspot.com
  • 2. Jerome Bruner • Enactive Representation (Concrete) • Iconic Representation (Pictorial) • Symbolic Representation (Abstract) Reference http://www.theoryfundamentals.com/bruner.htm
  • 3. Howard Gardner Theory of Multiple Intelligences • Spatial • Linguistic • Logical-mathematical • Bodily-kinesthetic • Musical • Interpersonal • Intrapersonal • Naturalistic Gardner, 1983
  • 4. Primary Mathematics (Third Edition) See Ho, S. Y. & Yeap, B. H. (2011). Development of Visualization Skills in Singapore Primary School Mathematics Textbooks. Paper presented at PME-35 Angkara, Turkey. See also Yeap, B. H. (2011). The Emphasis of Primary-Level Textbooks in Singapore on Higher-Order Thinking Skills. Paper presented at International Conference on School Mathematics Textbooks Shanghai, China.
  • 5. Visuals are used to teach concepts – distributive property of multiplication – without using formal terms. Primary Mathematics (Third Edition)
  • 7. Example 1  Primary 5  Year 6 3 units = 18 1 units = 18  3 = 6 6 x 8 = 48 There were 48 coins at first.
  • 8. Example 2  Primary 5  Year 6 Mr Chen had some durians for sale. He sold 24 durians in the morning. In the afternoon, he sold 2 of the remainder. 7 1 Then, he had of the total number of durians left. 2 My Pals Are Here! Maths Primary 5 3 units = 24 24 1 units = 24  3 = 8 How many durians did Mr Chen had at first? 10 units = 8 x 10 = 80 At first, Mr Chen had 80 durians for sale.