SILECS, based on two existing infrastructure (FIT and Grid'5000), aims to provide a large robust, trustable and scalable instrument for research in
distributed computing and networks. Experiments from the Internet of Things, data centers, cloud computing, security services, and the networks
connecting them will be possible, in a reproducible way, on various hardware and software. This instrument will offer a multi-platform experimental
infrastructure (HPC, Cloud, Big Data, Software Defined Storage, IoT, wireless, Software Defined Network / Radio) capable of exploring the
infrastructures that will be deployed tomorrow and assist researchers and industrial about how to design, build and operate a multi-scale, robust and
safe computer system. Diverse digital resources (compute, storage, link, IO devices) are be assembled to support a “playground” at scale.
SILECS/SLICES - Super Infrastructure for Large-Scale Experimental Computer Sc...Frederic Desprez
The aim of the SILECS and SLICES projects is to design and build a large infrastructure for experimental research on various aspects of distributed computing, from small connected objects to the large data centres of tomorrow. This infrastructure will allow end-to-end experimentation with software and applications at all levels of the software layers, from event capture (sensors, actuators) to data processing and storage, to radio transmission management and dynamic deployment of edge computing services, enabling reproducible research on all-point programmable networks, ... SILECS is the french node of a european infrastructure called SLICES.
The term Scaling refers to "setting the stage to enable and support growth." Here are a few listicles that clearly explains "Top 4 scaling challenges in Edge AI."
To know more, feel free to reach us at https://visailabs.com/
Edge Computing Standardisation and InitiativesAxel Rennoch
Since Edge Computing (EC) became more important in industry and research several standardisation groups and initiatives are considering related technologies in their strategies and future roadmaps. The work includes the definition of reference architecture models, access interfaces but also addresses edge node autonomy and security aspects. This contribution introduces some basic concepts and common understanding of EC within selected standardisation groups and industrial initiatives. Additionally, technical viewpoints and topics are discussed that are relevant for various communities.
Museofy - PLATFORM FOR CUSTOM WIRELESS EMBEDDED DEVICES IN MUSEUMS meschproject
This poster was presented by Thomas Kubitza at the Microsoft PhD Summer School, which took place 01.07.2013 – 05.07.2013, in Cambridge (UK).
The research presented here is part of the meSch project. The project (2013-2016) receives funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme ‘ICT for access to cultural resources’ (ICT Call 9: FP7-ICT-
2011-9) under the Grant Agreement 600851.
See: http://mesch-project.eu/
Edge Computing often misquoted, misrepresented, and misunderstood. In this presentation, I tried to demystify what the Edge Computing is and what role the edge computing plays in the Connected World.
SILECS/SLICES - Super Infrastructure for Large-Scale Experimental Computer Sc...Frederic Desprez
The aim of the SILECS and SLICES projects is to design and build a large infrastructure for experimental research on various aspects of distributed computing, from small connected objects to the large data centres of tomorrow. This infrastructure will allow end-to-end experimentation with software and applications at all levels of the software layers, from event capture (sensors, actuators) to data processing and storage, to radio transmission management and dynamic deployment of edge computing services, enabling reproducible research on all-point programmable networks, ... SILECS is the french node of a european infrastructure called SLICES.
The term Scaling refers to "setting the stage to enable and support growth." Here are a few listicles that clearly explains "Top 4 scaling challenges in Edge AI."
To know more, feel free to reach us at https://visailabs.com/
Edge Computing Standardisation and InitiativesAxel Rennoch
Since Edge Computing (EC) became more important in industry and research several standardisation groups and initiatives are considering related technologies in their strategies and future roadmaps. The work includes the definition of reference architecture models, access interfaces but also addresses edge node autonomy and security aspects. This contribution introduces some basic concepts and common understanding of EC within selected standardisation groups and industrial initiatives. Additionally, technical viewpoints and topics are discussed that are relevant for various communities.
Museofy - PLATFORM FOR CUSTOM WIRELESS EMBEDDED DEVICES IN MUSEUMS meschproject
This poster was presented by Thomas Kubitza at the Microsoft PhD Summer School, which took place 01.07.2013 – 05.07.2013, in Cambridge (UK).
The research presented here is part of the meSch project. The project (2013-2016) receives funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme ‘ICT for access to cultural resources’ (ICT Call 9: FP7-ICT-
2011-9) under the Grant Agreement 600851.
See: http://mesch-project.eu/
Edge Computing often misquoted, misrepresented, and misunderstood. In this presentation, I tried to demystify what the Edge Computing is and what role the edge computing plays in the Connected World.
Edge IoT is a technology Witekio believes in. It is now reaching an inflexion point. The need for responsiveness, local computing capacity (especially for data crunching, AI and machine learning), security, IoT bandwidth makes this«trend » relevant to face B2B and industrial challenges.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the hottest mega-trends in technology – and for good reason , IoT deals with all the components of what we consider web 3.0 including Big Data Analytics, Cloud Computing and Mobile Computing .
In this talk, we will briefly review the current trend toward Edge Computing first. Then, characteristics and requirements for the Industrial Edge Computing will be addressed and discussed. Among them, Decentralized Fault-Resilient Architecture, Time-sensitive Operations, Data-centric Computation, Autonomous Systems and Flexibility are the most important ones. Some influential open-source projects for the industrial edge computing will also be introduced in this talk, including Cyclone DDS, ROS2, Autoware and zenoh.
IoT Meets the Cloud: The Origins of Edge ComputingMaria Gorlatova
History of edge computing: IoT meets the cloud. Lecture delivered as part of Duke University Electrical and Computer Engineering / Computer Science Special Topics course on Edge Computing designed and developed by the instructor.
IC-SDV 2019: Semantic e-Science - The Future of Information Provision in the ...Dr. Haxel Consult
With the digital revolution the provision of scientific information is fully entered in a new mode of operation.
The fast advances of technologies is transforming the way of providing information towards scientists and opening new opportunities.
Data and Information storage has moved from a paper-based, manual affair to an activity in which computers are necessary.
As a result, a vast amount of scientific information is being daily produced and collected, a research organization has not enough resources to collect everything.
With emphasizing data-intensive thinking e-Science is moving towards data Intensive technologies and is becoming a new technology driver and requires the re-thinking of infrastructure architecture components, solutions and processes for Scientific Information Provision.
A new systematic approach for tackling the challenges of data-intensive computing, providing scientists and decision makers with practical tools for dealing and exploring the needed data and information.
Internet of Things or simply IoT is a technology which are having lot of advantages in building smart systems. The meaning of IoT is where things communication and share data among each other. IoT has lots of applications.
ENVIROFI for cross domain FI-PPP applicationsDenis Havlik
ENVIROFI presentation on Austrian FI-PPP Phase-3 event. Graz, 2013 06-26.
Presenation explains how ENVIROFI work fits in the context of teh Future Internet PPP programme and presents a vision of enviromentally enabled future internet applications.
Through this presentation, you will get to know about Edge computing and explore the fields where it is needed.
You can start exploring the technical knowledge by seeing what industries are working on now-days
II-SDV 2017 in Nice - The International Information Conference on Search, Dat...Dr. Haxel Consult
The 2017 II-SDV Conference in Nice, 24 - 25 April 2017
The II-SDV meeting takes place in Nice in April 2017 for an intensive two days. Venue is the Hotel Plaza in central Nice. The meeting provides an international forum for those in the field of advanced search applications, data and text mining, and visualization technology. The primary focus is on tools for intelligence and the meeting examines the requirements of specialists in scientific and technical information.
The meeting will be of interest to those who wish to update themselves and keep in touch with the leading edge of information search and analysis technologies; it features approximately 22 speakers for the two days. There will be an adjacent, focused exhibition to complement the conference programme.
What is Your Edge From the Cloud to the Edge, Extending Your ReachSUSE
As companies continue to take advantage of the benefits of cloud – increased flexibility, speed of innovation and quickly responding to business demands, it is no wonder that they want to extend these benefits to the edge. But there are still a lot of questions.
Journey to an Intelligent Industrial Network - Pino de Candia, CTO MidokuraMidokura
There are 66 million network cameras capturing terabytes of data. How did factories in Japan improve physical security at the facilities and improve employee productivity?
During his session at the Open IOT Summit, Pino de Candia, CTO of Midokura, shared examples drawn from real IIoT use cases and discussed the variety of operations and maintenance tools to support proactive, policy-based flow analysis for edge computing or fog nodes.
Call for Papers - International Journal of Ubiquitous Computing (IJU)ijujournal
International Journal of Ubiquitous Computing (IJU) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that provides excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of ubiquitous computing. Current information age is witnessing a dramatic use of digital and electronic devices in the workplace and beyond. Ubiquitous Computing presents a rather arduous requirement of robustness, reliability and availability to the end user. Ubiquitous computing has received a significant and sustained research interest in terms of designing and deploying large scale and high performance computational applications in real life. The aim of the journal is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field.
Super Infrastructure for Large-Scale Experimental Computer Science, (Almost) everything you wanted to know about SILECS/SLICES but didn't dare to ask. Presentation at "journées du GDR RSD", Nantes, Jan. 23, 2020/.
Edge IoT is a technology Witekio believes in. It is now reaching an inflexion point. The need for responsiveness, local computing capacity (especially for data crunching, AI and machine learning), security, IoT bandwidth makes this«trend » relevant to face B2B and industrial challenges.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the hottest mega-trends in technology – and for good reason , IoT deals with all the components of what we consider web 3.0 including Big Data Analytics, Cloud Computing and Mobile Computing .
In this talk, we will briefly review the current trend toward Edge Computing first. Then, characteristics and requirements for the Industrial Edge Computing will be addressed and discussed. Among them, Decentralized Fault-Resilient Architecture, Time-sensitive Operations, Data-centric Computation, Autonomous Systems and Flexibility are the most important ones. Some influential open-source projects for the industrial edge computing will also be introduced in this talk, including Cyclone DDS, ROS2, Autoware and zenoh.
IoT Meets the Cloud: The Origins of Edge ComputingMaria Gorlatova
History of edge computing: IoT meets the cloud. Lecture delivered as part of Duke University Electrical and Computer Engineering / Computer Science Special Topics course on Edge Computing designed and developed by the instructor.
IC-SDV 2019: Semantic e-Science - The Future of Information Provision in the ...Dr. Haxel Consult
With the digital revolution the provision of scientific information is fully entered in a new mode of operation.
The fast advances of technologies is transforming the way of providing information towards scientists and opening new opportunities.
Data and Information storage has moved from a paper-based, manual affair to an activity in which computers are necessary.
As a result, a vast amount of scientific information is being daily produced and collected, a research organization has not enough resources to collect everything.
With emphasizing data-intensive thinking e-Science is moving towards data Intensive technologies and is becoming a new technology driver and requires the re-thinking of infrastructure architecture components, solutions and processes for Scientific Information Provision.
A new systematic approach for tackling the challenges of data-intensive computing, providing scientists and decision makers with practical tools for dealing and exploring the needed data and information.
Internet of Things or simply IoT is a technology which are having lot of advantages in building smart systems. The meaning of IoT is where things communication and share data among each other. IoT has lots of applications.
ENVIROFI for cross domain FI-PPP applicationsDenis Havlik
ENVIROFI presentation on Austrian FI-PPP Phase-3 event. Graz, 2013 06-26.
Presenation explains how ENVIROFI work fits in the context of teh Future Internet PPP programme and presents a vision of enviromentally enabled future internet applications.
Through this presentation, you will get to know about Edge computing and explore the fields where it is needed.
You can start exploring the technical knowledge by seeing what industries are working on now-days
II-SDV 2017 in Nice - The International Information Conference on Search, Dat...Dr. Haxel Consult
The 2017 II-SDV Conference in Nice, 24 - 25 April 2017
The II-SDV meeting takes place in Nice in April 2017 for an intensive two days. Venue is the Hotel Plaza in central Nice. The meeting provides an international forum for those in the field of advanced search applications, data and text mining, and visualization technology. The primary focus is on tools for intelligence and the meeting examines the requirements of specialists in scientific and technical information.
The meeting will be of interest to those who wish to update themselves and keep in touch with the leading edge of information search and analysis technologies; it features approximately 22 speakers for the two days. There will be an adjacent, focused exhibition to complement the conference programme.
What is Your Edge From the Cloud to the Edge, Extending Your ReachSUSE
As companies continue to take advantage of the benefits of cloud – increased flexibility, speed of innovation and quickly responding to business demands, it is no wonder that they want to extend these benefits to the edge. But there are still a lot of questions.
Journey to an Intelligent Industrial Network - Pino de Candia, CTO MidokuraMidokura
There are 66 million network cameras capturing terabytes of data. How did factories in Japan improve physical security at the facilities and improve employee productivity?
During his session at the Open IOT Summit, Pino de Candia, CTO of Midokura, shared examples drawn from real IIoT use cases and discussed the variety of operations and maintenance tools to support proactive, policy-based flow analysis for edge computing or fog nodes.
Call for Papers - International Journal of Ubiquitous Computing (IJU)ijujournal
International Journal of Ubiquitous Computing (IJU) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that provides excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of ubiquitous computing. Current information age is witnessing a dramatic use of digital and electronic devices in the workplace and beyond. Ubiquitous Computing presents a rather arduous requirement of robustness, reliability and availability to the end user. Ubiquitous computing has received a significant and sustained research interest in terms of designing and deploying large scale and high performance computational applications in real life. The aim of the journal is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field.
Super Infrastructure for Large-Scale Experimental Computer Science, (Almost) everything you wanted to know about SILECS/SLICES but didn't dare to ask. Presentation at "journées du GDR RSD", Nantes, Jan. 23, 2020/.
5G and edge computing - CORAL perspectiveRichard Scott
Charles Turyagyenda from InterDigital Europe Ltd presented an overview of the opportunities and technical aspects of 5G edge computing at the first of Digital Catapult Centre Brighton's 5G workshops. These workshops were designed to raised awareness of the opportunities and features of 5G within small digital businesses, as well as identifying potential use cases to be take forward to be explored within the National 5G testbed for digital businesses in Brighton.
We are inviting small digital businesses to get in contact to discuss how they might exploit the 5G testbed. If you are interested in how you might do so please email digicatbrighton@wiredsussex.com
Un cloud pour comparer nos gènes aux images du cerveau" Le pionnier des bases de données, aujourd'hui disparu, Jim Gray avait annoncé en 2007 l'emergence d'un 4eme paradigme scientifique: celui d'une recherche scientifique numérique entierement guidée par l'exploration de données massives. Cette vision est aujourd'hui la réalité de tous les jours dans les laboratoire de recherche scientifique, et elle va bien au delà de ce que l'on appelle communément "BIG DATA". Microsoft Research et Inria on démarré en 2010 un projet intitulé Azure-Brain (ou A-Brain) dont l'originalité consiste à a la fois construire au dessus de Windows Azure une nouvelle plateforme d'acces aux données massives pour les applications scientifiques, et de se confronter à la réalité de la recherche scientifique. Dans cette session nous vous proposons dans une premiere partie de resituer les enjeux recherche concernant la gestion de données massives dans le cloud, et ensuite de vous presenter la plateforme "TOMUS Blob" cloud storage optimisé sur Azure. Enfin nous vous presenterons le projet A-Brain et les résultats que nous avons obtenus: La neuro-imagerie contribue au diagnostic de certaines maladies du système nerveux. Mais nos cerveaux s'avèrent tous un peu différents les uns des autres. Cette variabilité complique l'interprétation médicale. D'où l'idée de corréler ldes images IRM du cerveaux et le patrimoine génétique de chaque patient afin de mieux délimiter les régions cérébrales qui présentent un intérêt symptomatique. Les images IRM haute définition de ce projet sont produites par la plate-forme Neurospin du CEA (Saclay). Problème pour Les chercheurs : la masse d'informations à traiter. Le CV génétique d'un individu comporte environ un million de données. À cela s'ajoutent des volumes tout aussi colossaux de pixel 3D pour décrire les images. Un data deluge: des peta octets de donnés et potentiellement des années de calcul. C'est donc ici qu'entre en jeu le cloud et une plateforme optimisée sur Azure pour traiter des applications massivement parallèles sur des données massives... Comme l'explique Gabriel Antoniu, son responsable, cette équipe de recherche rennaise a développé “des mécanismes de stockage efficaces pour améliorer l'accès à ces données massives et optimiser leur traitement. Nos développements permettent de répondre aux besoins applicatifs de nos collègues de Saclay.
Internet of Things (IoT) is a buzzword that is widely used in different domains. This talk explains the current state of the art in IoT (from a technological and research perspective), mainly in Europe. The future of IoT is promising and the trends in terms of number of devices and money involved show significant growth. There are still challenges in technical, business and social areas and some of them will be addressed in the talk.
Presentation held at Fachkongress des IT-Planungsrats, Stuttgart 2014 by Mojca Volk and Janez Sterle (University of Ljubljana) and Gerold Gruber, Citkomm, Deutschland
(R)evolution of the computing continuum - A few challengesFrederic Desprez
Initially proposed to interconnect computers worldwide, the Internet has significantly evolved to become in two decades a key element in almost all our activities. This (r)evolution mainly relies on the progress that has been achieved in computation and communication fields and that has led to the well-known and widely spread Cloud Computing paradigm.
With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), stakeholders expect a new revolution that will push, once again, the limits of the Internet, in particular by favouring the convergence between physical and virtual worlds. This convergence is about to be made possible thanks to the development of minimalist sensors as well as complex industrial physical machines that can be connected to the Internet through edge computing infrastructures.
Among the obstacles to this new generation of Internet services is the development of a convenient and powerful framework that should allow operators, and devops, to manage the life-cycle of both the digital infrastructures and the applications deployed on top of these infrastructures, throughout the cloud to IoT continuum.
In this keynote, Frédéric Desprez and his colleague Adrien Lebre presented research issues and provide preliminary answers to identify whether the challenges brought by this new paradigm is an evolution or a revolution for our community.
Challenges and Issues of Next Cloud Computing PlatformsFrederic Desprez
Cloud computing has now crossed the frontiers of research to reach industry. It is used every day , whether to exchange emails or make
reservations on web sites. However, many research works remain to be done to improve the performance and functionality of these platforms of tomorrow. In this talk, I will do an overview of some these theoretical and appliead researches done at INRIA and particularly around Clouds distribution, energy monitoring and management, massive data processing and exchange, and resource management.
Grid'5000: Running a Large Instrument for Parallel and Distributed Computing ...Frederic Desprez
The increasing complexity of available infrastructures (hierarchical, parallel, distributed, etc.) with specific features (caches, hyper-threading, dual core, etc.) makes it extremely difficult to build analytical models that allow for a satisfying prediction. Hence, it raises the question on how to validate algorithms and software systems if a realistic analytic study is not possible. As for many other sciences, the one answer is experimental validation. However, such experimentations rely on the availability of an instrument able to validate every level of the software stack and offering different hardware and software facilities about compute, storage, and network resources.
Almost ten years after its premises, the Grid'5000 testbed has become one of the most complete testbed for designing or evaluating large-scale distributed systems. Initially dedicated to the study of large HPC facilities, Grid’5000 has evolved in order to address wider concerns related to Desktop Computing, the Internet of Services and more recently the Cloud Computing paradigm. We now target new processors features such as hyperthreading, turbo boost, and power management or large applications managing big data. In this keynote we will both address the issue of experiments in HPC and computer science and the design and usage of the Grid'5000 platform for various kind of applications.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
SILECS: Super Infrastructure for Large-scale Experimental Computer Science
1. SILECS
Super Infrastructure for Large-scale Experimental Computer
Science
F. Desprez - Inria
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
INRIA, CNRS, RENATER, CEA, CPU, CDEFI, IMT, Sorbonne Université, Université Strasbourg, Université Lorraine, Université
Grenoble Alpes, Université Lille 1, Université Rennes 1, Université Toulouse, ENS Lyon, INSA Lyon
07/09/2018 http://www.silecs.net/
2. Introduction
• Exponential improvement of
– Electronics (energy consumption, size, cost)
• Capacity of networks (WAN, wireless, new technologies)
• Exponential growth of applications near users
– Smartphones, tablets, connected devices, sensors, …
– Prediction of 50 billions of connected devices by 2020 (CISCO)
• Large number of Cloud facilities to cope with generated data
– Many platforms and infrastructures available around the world
– Several offers for IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS platforms
– Public, private, community, and hybrid clouds
– Going toward distributed Clouds (FOG, Edge, extreme Edge)
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
4. Good experiments
A good experiment should fulfill the following properties
– Reproducibility: must give the same result with the same input
– Extensibility: must target possible comparisons with other works and extensions
(more/other processors, larger data sets, different architectures)
– Applicability: must define realistic parameters and must allow for an easy calibration
– “Revisability”: when an implementation does not perform as expected, must help to
identify the reasons
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
5. SILECS: based upon two existing infrastructures
• FIT
– Providing Internet players access to a variety of fixed and mobile technologies and services, thus
accelerating the design of advanced technologies for the Future Internet
– 4 key technologies and a single control point: IoT-Lab (connected objects & sensors, mobility),
CorteXlab (Cognitive Radio), wireless (anechoic chamber), Network Operations Center, Advanced
Cloud technology including OpenStack
– 9 sites (Paris (2), Evry, Rocquencourt, Lille, Strasbourg, Lyon, Grenoble, Sophia Antipolis)
• Grid’5000
– A scientific instrument for experimental research on large future infrastructures: Clouds, datacenters,
HPC Exascale, Big Data infrastructures, networks, etc.
– 10 sites, > 8000 cores, with a large variety of network connectivity and storage access, dedicated
interconnection network granted and managed by RENATER
• Software stacks dedicated to experimentation
• Resource reservation, disk image deployment, monitoring tools, data collection
and storage
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
6. GRID’5000
• Testbed for research on distributed systems
• Born from the observation that we need a better and larger testbed
• HPC, Grids, P2P, and now Cloud computing and BigData systems
• A complete access to the nodes’ hardware in an exclusive mode
(from one node to the whole infrastructure)
• Dedicated network (RENATER)
• Reconfigurable: nodes with Kadeploy and network with KaVLAN
• Current status
• 10 sites, 29 clusters, 1060 nodes, 10474 cores
• Diverse technologies/resources
(Intel, AMD, Myrinet, Infiniband, two GPU clusters, energy probes)
• Some Experiments examples
• In Situ analytics
• Big Data Management
• HPC Programming approaches
• Network modeling and simulation
• Energy consumption evaluation
• Batch scheduler optimization
• Large virtual machines deployments
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
https://www.grid5000.fr/
7. FIT
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
FIT-IoT-LAB
• 2700 wireless sensor nodes spread across six different sites in France
• Nodes are either fixed or mobile and can be allocated in various topologies throughout all sites
Sophia
Lyon
FIT-CorteXlab: Cognitive Radio Testbed
40 Software Defined Radio Nodes
(SOCRATE)
FIT-R2Lab: WiFi mesh testbed
(DIANA)
07/09/2018
https://fit-equipex.fr/
9. Short Term View of the Architecture
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
10. Data Center Portfolio
Targets
● Performance, resilience, energy-efficiency, security in the context of data-center design, Big Data
processing, Exascale computing, etc.
Hardware
● Servers: x86, ARM64, POWER, accelerators (GPU, FPGA)
● Networking: Ethernet (10G, 40G), HPC networks (InfiniBand, Omni-Path)
● Storage: HDD, SSD, NVMe, both in storage arrays and clusters of servers
Experimental support
● Bare-metal reconfiguration
● Large clusters
● Integrated monitoring (performance, energy, temperature, network traffic)
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
11. Wireless Portfolio
Targets
• Performance, security, safety and privacy-preservation in complex sensing environment,
• Performance understanding and enhancement in wireless networking,
• Target applications: smart cities/manufacturing, building automation, standard and interoperability,
security, energy harvesting, health care.
Hardware
• Software Defined Radio (SDR), LTE-Advanced and 5G
• Wireless Sensor Network (WSN/IEEE 802.15.4), LoRa/LoRaWAN
• Wifi/WIMAX (IEEE 802.11/16)
Experimental support
• Bare-metal reconfiguration
• Large-scale deployment (both in terms of densities and network diameter)
• Different topologies with indoor/outdoor locations
• Mobility-enabled with customized trajectories
• Anechoic chamber
• Integrated monitoring (power consumption, radio signal, network traffic)
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
12. Outdoor IOT testbed
• IoT is not limited to smart objects or indoor wireless sensors (smart
building, industry 4.0, ….)
• Smart cities need outdoor IoT solutions
• outdoor smart metering
• outdoor metering at the scale of a neighborhood (air, noise smart sensing, ….)
• citizens and local authorities are more and more interested by outdoor metering
• Controlled outdoor testbed
• (reproducible) polymorphic IoT: support of multiple IoT technologies (long, middle
and short range IoT wireless solutions) at the same time on a large scale testbed
• Agreement and support of local authorities
• Deployment in Strasbourg city (500000 citizens, 384 km2) and Lyon campus
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
14. Plans for SILECS: Testbed Services
● Provide a unified framework that (really) meets all needs
○ Make it easier for experimenters to move for one testbed to another
○ Make it easy to create simultaneous reservations on several testbeds (for cross-testbeds
experiments)
○ Make it easy to extend SILECS with additional kinds of resources
○ Notes
■ SFA is probably not a sufficient solution here, even if SFA-compatibility is required for international
collaboration (e.g. European federation)
■ It should be designed carefully to ensure we do not add just another not-so-useful abstraction layer
● Factor testbed services
○ Services that can exist at a higher level, e.g. open data service, for storage and
preservation of experiments data (in collaboration with Open Data repositories such as
OpenAIRE/Zenodo)
○ Services that are required to operate such infrastructures, but add no scientific value
○ users management, usage tracking
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
15. Services & Software Stack
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
Built from already functional solutions
07/09/2018
16. Some recent experiments examples
• Proxy location selection in industrial IoT, T.P. Raptis, A. Passarella, M. Conti
• QoS differentiation in data collection for smart Grids, J. Nassar, M. Berthomé, J. Dubrulle, N. Gouvy, N.
Mitton, B. Quoitin
• Damaris: Scalable I/O and In-situ Big Data Processing, G. Antoniu, H. Salimi, M. Dorier
• KerA: Scalable Data Ingestion for Stream Processing, O.-C. Marcu, A. Costan, G. Antoniu, M. Pérez-
Hernández, B. Nicolae, R. Tudoran, S. Bortoli
• Frequency Selection Approach for Energy Aware Cloud Database, C. Guo, J.-M. Pierson
• Distributed Storage for a Fog/Edge infrastructure based on a P2P and a Scale-Out NAS, B. Confais, B.
Parrein, A. Lebre
• FogIoT Orchestrator: an Orchestration System for IoT Applications in Fog Environment, B. Donassolo, I.
Fajjari, A. Legrand, P. Mertikopoulos
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
17. Proxy location selection in industrial IoT
• Distributed data collection with low latency in Industrial context
• Traditional approach
• Improving data routing by selecting quicker links
• Deploying enhanced edge-nodes for fog computing
• Solution
• Dynamically select sensor nodes to act as proxys and get the information closer to
consuming nodes.
• FIT IoT LAB as a validation testbed
• Access to 95 sensor nodes with IoT features remotely
• Customizable environment and tools (sniffer, consumption measure, etc)
• Repeat the experiments later and compare to alternate approaches with the same
environment
• The results show that latency is much reduced
• FIT IoT LAB helped validate the approach before real costly deployment
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
Performance Analysis of Latency-Aware Data Management in Industrial IoT Networks, T.P. Raptis, A. Passarella, M. Conti - MDPI Sensors, 2018,
18(8), 2611
07/09/2018
18. QoS differentiation in data collection for smart Grids
• Data collection with different QoS requirements for Smart Grid applications
• Traditional approach
• Use of standard RPL protocol which offers overall good performances but no QoS
differentiation based on application
• Solution
• Use a dynamic objective function
• FIT IoT LAB as a validation testbed
• Access to 67 sensor nodes with IoT features remotely
• Customizable environment and tools (data size and rate, consumption measure, clock, etc)
• Repeat the experiments and compare to alternate approaches with the same environment.
• The results show that based on the service requested, data from different
applications follow different paths, each meeting expected requirements.
• FIT IoT LAB helped validate the approach to go further with standardization
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
Multiple Instances QoS Routing In RPL: Application To Smart Grids – J. Nassar, M. Berthomé, J. Dubrulle, N. Gouvy, N. Mitton, B. Quoitin –
MDPI Sensors, July 2018
07/09/2018
19. Damaris
• Scalable, asynchronous data storage for large-scale simulations using the HDF5 format (HDF5 blog at
https://goo.gl/7A4cZh)
• Traditional approach
• All simulation processes (10K+) write on disk at the
same time synchronously
• Problems: 1) I/O jitter, 2) long I/O phase, 3) Blocked
simulation during data writing
• Solution
• Aggregate data in dedicated cores using shared memory and write
asynchronously
• Grid’5000 used as a testbed
– Access to many (1024) homogeneous cores
– Customizable environment and tools
– Repeat the experiments later with the same environment saved as an image
• The results show that Damaris can provide a jitter-free and wait-free data storage mechanism
• G5K helped prepare Damaris for deployment on top supercomputers (Titan, Pangea (Total), Jaguar,
Kraken, etc.)
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
…
https://project.inria.fr/damaris/07/09/2018
20. KerA: Scalable Data Ingestion for Stream Processing
• Goal: increase ingestion and processing throughput of Big Data streams
• Dynamic partitioning and lightweight stream offset indexing
• Higher parallelism for producers and consumers
• Grid’5000 Paravance cluster used for development and testing
• Customized OS image and easy deployment
• 128GB RAM and 16 CPU cores
• 10Gb networking
• Next steps: KerA* unified architecture for
stream ingestion and storage
• Support for records, streams and objects
• Collaborations
• INRIA, HUAWEI, UPM, BigStorage
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
KerA: Scalable Data Ingestion for Stream Processing, O.-C. Marcu, A. Costan, G. Antoniu, M. Pérez-Hernández, B. Nicolae, R. Tudoran, S.
Bortoli. In Proc. ICDCS, 2018.
KerA vs Kafka: up to 4x-5x better throughput
07/09/2018
21. Frequency Selection Approach for Energy Aware Cloud Database
• Objective: Study the energy efficiency of cloud database systems and propose a
frequency selection approach and corresponding algorithms to cope with resource
proposing problem
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
Frequency Selection Approach for Energy Aware Cloud Database, C. Guo, J.-M. Pierson. In Proc. SBAC-PAD, 2018.
Relationship between Request Amount and Throughput
• Contribution: Propose frequency selection model
and algorithms.
• Propose a Genetic Based Algorithm and a Monte Carlo
Tree Based Algorithm to produce the frequencies
according to workload predictions
• Propose a model simplification method to improve the
performance of the algorithms
• Grid5000 usage
• A cloud database system, Cassandra, was deployed within a Grid’5000 cluster using 10 nodes of Nancy side
to study the relationship between system throughput and energy efficiency of the system
• By another benchmark experiment, the migration cost parameters of the model were obtained
07/09/2018
22. Distributed Storage for a Fog/Edge infrastructure based
on a P2P and a Scale-Out NAS
• Objective
• Design of a storage infrastructure taking locality into account
• Properties a distributed storage system should have: data locality, network
containment, mobility support, disconnected mode, scalability
• Contributions
• Improving locality when accessing an object stored locally coupling IPFS and a Scale-
Out NAS
• Improving locality when accessing an object stored on a remote site using a tree
inspired by the DNS
• Experiments
• Deployment of a Fog Site on the Grid’5000 testbed and the clients on the IoTLab
platform
• Coupling a Scale-Out NAS to IPFS limits the inter-sites network traffic and improves
locality of local accesses
• Replacing the DHT by a tree mapped on the physical topology improves locality to
find the location of objects
• Experiments using IoTlab and Grid’5000 are (currently) not easy to perform
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
An Object Store Service for a Fog/Edge Computing Infrastructure based on IPFS and Scale-out NAS, B. Confais, A. Lebre, and B. Parrein
(May 2017). In: 1st IEEE International Conference on Fog and Edge Computing - ICFEC’2017.
23. FogIoT Orchestrator: an Orchestration System for IoT
Applications in Fog Environment
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr
• Objective
• Design a Optimized Fog Service Provisioning strategy (O-FSP) and
validate it on a real infrastructure
• Contributions
• Design and implementation of FITOR, an orchestration framework for
the automation of the deployment, the scalability management, and
migration of micro-service based IoT applications
• Design of a provisioning solution for IoT applications that optimizes the
placement and the composition of IoT components, while dealing with
the heterogeneity of the underlying Fog infrastructure
• Experiments
• Fog layer is composed of 20 servers from Grid5000 which are part of the
genepi cluster, Mist layer is composed of 50 A8 nodes
• Use of a software stack made of open-source components (Calvin,
Prometheus, Cadvisor, Blackbox exporter, Netdata)
• Experiments show that the O-FSP strategy makes the provisioning more
effective and outperforms classical strategies in terms of: i) acceptance
rate, ii) provisioning cost, and iii) resource usage
07/09/2018
FogIoT Orchestrator: an Orchestration System for IoT Applications in Fog Environment, B. Donassolo, I.
Fajjari, A. Legrand, P. Mertikopoulos.. 1st Grid’5000-FIT school, Apr 2018, Sophia Antipolis, France. 2018.
25. Conclusions
• New infrastructure based on two existing instruments (FIT and Grid’5000)
• Design a software stack that will allow experiments mixing both kinds of resources
while keeping reproducibility level high
• Keep the aim of previous platforms (their core scientific issues addressed)
– Scalability issues, energy management, …
– IoT, wireless networks, future Internet for SILECS/FIT
– HPC, big data, clouds, virtualization, deep learning … for SILECS/Grid’5000
• Address new challenges
– IoT and Clouds
– New generation Cloud platforms and software stacks (Edge, FOG)
– Data streaming applications
– Locality aware resource management
– Big data management and analysis from sensors to the (distributed) cloud
– Mobility
– …
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
26. Thanks, any questions ?
F. Desprez - SILECS - Frederic.Desprez@inria.fr07/09/2018
http://www.silecs.net/
https://www.grid5000.fr/
https://fit-equipex.fr/