Nationalism arose as a powerful force in 19th century Europe, driven by the French Revolution. It helped unite countries like Italy and Germany while dividing others such as Austria-Hungary. The rise of the middle class and spread of liberal and nationalist ideas challenged the traditional rule of aristocracies. By the late 19th century, nationalism had led to the unification of Germany and Italy into nation states while also increasing tensions in the Balkans that would lead to war.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
Nationalism is an idea and movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its homeland.
THE RSE OF NATIONALISM IN EUROPE FOR CBSE CLASS 10 STUDENTS THIS IS THEBEST PPT BY ME FOR MORE BEST JUST EDIT IT IN YOUR WAY YOU CAN DOWNLOAD THIS AND FRIENDS DON'T FORGET TO LIKE IT IF YOU LIKE THIS JUST FOLLOE ON saqlainmemon776@gmail.com in slideshare.
DON'T FORGET TO SHARE......................................
Even before factories began to dot the landscape in England and Europe, there was a large scale industrial production for international market .
This was not based on factories . This phase of industrialization is known as proto-industrialisation . Proto industrialization means the first or earlier age of industrialization .
Nationalism In India Class 10 (History chapter 2)VJLEARNING
This document explains the chapter 2 of history class-10 NATIONALISM IN INDIA
This document will also help teachers in teaching their students, especially in their online classes.
Hope you like it
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
Nationalism is an idea and movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its homeland.
THE RSE OF NATIONALISM IN EUROPE FOR CBSE CLASS 10 STUDENTS THIS IS THEBEST PPT BY ME FOR MORE BEST JUST EDIT IT IN YOUR WAY YOU CAN DOWNLOAD THIS AND FRIENDS DON'T FORGET TO LIKE IT IF YOU LIKE THIS JUST FOLLOE ON saqlainmemon776@gmail.com in slideshare.
DON'T FORGET TO SHARE......................................
Even before factories began to dot the landscape in England and Europe, there was a large scale industrial production for international market .
This was not based on factories . This phase of industrialization is known as proto-industrialisation . Proto industrialization means the first or earlier age of industrialization .
Nationalism In India Class 10 (History chapter 2)VJLEARNING
This document explains the chapter 2 of history class-10 NATIONALISM IN INDIA
This document will also help teachers in teaching their students, especially in their online classes.
Hope you like it
When we talk of 'globalisation' we often refer to an economic system that has emerged since the last 50 years or so. But as you will see in this PPS, the making of the global world has a long history - of trade, of migration, of people in search of work, the movement of capital, and much else. As we think the dramatic and visible signs of global interconnectedness in our lives today, we need to understand the phases through which this world in which we live has emerged.
Chapter - 2, Nationalism in India, History, Social Science, Class 10Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 2, Nationalism in India, History, Social Science, Class 10
INTRODUCTION
THE FIRST WORLD WAR, KHILAFAT, AND NON COOPERATION
EVENTS LEADING: TOWARDS CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
CBSE NCERT SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY GEOGRAPHY ECONOMICS POLITICAL SCIENCE CLASS 9 CHAPTER the story of village palampur factors of production farming in palampur non farming activities land labour physical capital fixed capital working capital human capital
Very Important chapter
Mahatma Gandhi came to India and The Idea of Satyagraha emphasised the power of truth and the need to search for truth.
He advocated that physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
In 1916, He travelled to Champaran in Bihar to inspire the peasants to struggle against the oppressive plantation system.
Very important chapter.......
Thank you for watching..........
Thanks Guys
Plz like and share
PLZ PLZ PLZ PLZ PLZ
When we talk of 'globalisation' we often refer to an economic system that has emerged since the last 50 years or so. But as you will see in this PPS, the making of the global world has a long history - of trade, of migration, of people in search of work, the movement of capital, and much else. As we think the dramatic and visible signs of global interconnectedness in our lives today, we need to understand the phases through which this world in which we live has emerged.
Chapter - 2, Nationalism in India, History, Social Science, Class 10Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 2, Nationalism in India, History, Social Science, Class 10
INTRODUCTION
THE FIRST WORLD WAR, KHILAFAT, AND NON COOPERATION
EVENTS LEADING: TOWARDS CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
CBSE NCERT SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY GEOGRAPHY ECONOMICS POLITICAL SCIENCE CLASS 9 CHAPTER the story of village palampur factors of production farming in palampur non farming activities land labour physical capital fixed capital working capital human capital
Very Important chapter
Mahatma Gandhi came to India and The Idea of Satyagraha emphasised the power of truth and the need to search for truth.
He advocated that physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
In 1916, He travelled to Champaran in Bihar to inspire the peasants to struggle against the oppressive plantation system.
Very important chapter.......
Thank you for watching..........
Thanks Guys
Plz like and share
PLZ PLZ PLZ PLZ PLZ
PowerPoint Presentation on the topic - 'Nationalism In Europe'. For Class - 10th.
Created By - 'Neha Rohtagi'
I hope that you will found this presentation useful and it will help you out for your concept understanding.
Thank You!
rise of nationalism in Europe Full Researched PdfClevstudy
Class 10 Social Science: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Notes
The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation
.The measures and practices introduced by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of
collective identity amongst the French people:
.The ideas of La Patrie (the fatherland) and Le Citoyen (the citizen) emphasized the notion of a
united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
.A new French flag, the tricolor, was chosen to replace the former Royal Standard.
.The Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National
Assembly.
.New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the
nation.
.A centralized administrative system was introduced and it formulated uniform laws for all
citizens.
.Internal customs duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and
measures was adopted.
.Regional dialects were discouraged and French became the common language of the nation.
The impact of Napoleonic reforms was:
. Napoleon destroyed democracy in France.
.The administrative field was made rational and efficient.
.The Civil Code of 1804 (Napoleonic Code) did away with all the privileges based on birth,
established equality before the law, and secured the right to property.
.In the Dutch Republic, Switzerland, Italy, and Germany, Napoleon simplified the administrative
divisions, abolished the feudal system, and freed the peasants from serfdom and manorial dues.
.In the towns, guild restrictions were removed.
.Transport and communication systems were improved.
.Napoleon’s invasions were resented in several countries due to:
.Increased taxation
.Censorship
.Forced conscription into the French armies
Political structure of Europe
.Socially and politically, a landed aristocracy was the dominant class on the continent.
.The members of this class were united by a common way of life.
.They owned estates in the countryside and also townhouses.
.They spoke French for purposes of diplomacy and in high society.
.Their families were often connected by ties of marriage.
.This powerful aristocracy was, however, numerically a small group. (the majority was the
peasantry)
The New Middle Class
.In Western and parts of Central Europe, the growth of industrial production and trade meant the
growth of towns and the emergence of commercial classes whose existence was based on
production for the market.
.In the wake of industrialization, new social groups came into being: a working-class population
and a middle class made up of industrialists, businessmen, and professionals.
.It was among the educated, liberal middle classes that ideas of national unity following the
abolition of aristocratic privileges gained popularity.
Liberal Nationalism
.Liberalism in the early 19th century stood for freedom for the individual and equality for all
before the law for the new middle classes.
.Politically, it emphasized the concept of government by consent.
.It stoo.... Read More in Document
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. WHAT IS NATIONALISM
Nationalism is a feeling of belonging and loyalty that causes people think of
themselves as a Nation.
During 19th & 20th centuries Nationalism was a powerful force that could
create:
One Nation from many separate countries
(Ex. Italy & Germany)
Break one nation up into many countries
(Ex. Austria- Hungary and Turkey )
3. EUROPEAN SOCIETY
THE UPPER CLASS :
• The landed aristocracy were the dominant group.
• They had common interest and lifestyle. Owned large country estates and
town houses.
• Most of them spoke french
LOWER CLASS :
• Majority of the people were peasants.
• Most were landless and worked as serfs.
.
4. French Revolution & The Idea of the Nation
French revolution started in 1789.
France was a full-fledged territorial state in 1789 under rule of a monarch.
Political and constitutional changes that came in wake of the French revolution led to the
transfer of sovereignty from monarchy to a body of French citizens.
Various practices adopted to develop a sense of collective identity among people.
Declaration of mission to liberate Europe from despotism.
Setting up of Jacobin clubs by educated middle classes and students of Europe
It also powered revolution in all Europe.
5. Idea of La Patrie (the fatherland) Le Citoyen (the citizen)were emphasized.
Adoption of new constitution with citizens enjoying equal rights.
Adopted tri color as new French flag replacing royal standards.
New hymns were composed oaths were taken & martyrs remembered in the name of
nation.
Uniform system of weights & measures were adopted.
Centralized administrative system was formulized.
French become the national language and regional dialects were discouraged.
Imaginary female allegories were used to show united nation. Such as : Marianna
&Germania
THE IDEA OF THE NATIONALISM
6. NEPOLEONIC CODE / COVIL CODE OF 1804
Privileges based on birth abolished and equality before law was established.
Right to property was established and feudal system was abolished.
Administrative divisions were simplified.
Peasants got freedom from serfdom and manorial dues.
Uniform laws and standardization of weight and measures were introduced.
Common national currency was adopted.
Guild restriction in towns was removed and transport and communication system improved.
7. THE MAKING OF NATIONALISM IN EUROPE
Till mid 18th century there was no concept of “Nation State” in Europe.
Society and politics was dominated aristocracy.
To the west, the land was farmed by tenants and small owners, while in Eastern and
Central Europe by vast estates which were cultivated by serfs.
Emergence of working and middle classes due to industrialization in 19th cent.
Educated , liberal middle classes popularized abolition of Aristocratic Privileges.
8. Liberal Nationalism
• Government by consent
• End of Autocracy
• Adoption of constitution
• Abolition of property rights.
• Equality before law
• Representative Government through
Parliament
• Freedom for market.
• Removal of state imposed restrictions
on movement of goods and capital.
• In 1834, a customs union Zollverein was
formed .
• The union abolished tariff barriers and
reduced the number of currencies from
over thirty to two.
IN POLITICAL SPHERE IN ECONOMIC SPHERE
9. New Conservatism After 1815
After defeat of Napoleon European governments were driven by a spirit of conservatism.
Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria drew the “Treaty of Vienna” in 1815.
Main Motive was to undo the changes initiated by Napoleon and to restore Monarchy.
PROVISIONS
OF Treaty of
Vienna
6. No change in German
confederation of 39 states.
7. Russia to get Polaand
5. Prussia as
given ne
territories on its
western border
including Saxony.
3.Prevented French
Expansion in Future
4. Austria to control
northern Italy
1.Restoration of Bourbon
Dynasty.
2.Territories acquired by
Napoleon taken back
10. The Revolutionaries
Establishment of Secret Societies to spread the Ideas of nationalism and
oppose conservatism.
Mazzini viewed “ Nation States” to be necessary and opposed Monarchy.
Inspired other secret societies in Germany, France, Switzerland and Poland.
Giuseppe Mazzini joined one such society at Carbonan.
Later, he established two more Secret societies “Young Italy” in Marseilles,
and then, “Young Europe” in Berne.
Conservative frightened by his move.
11. Division of Age of Revolution
The Romantic
Imagination and
National Feeling
Hunger, Hardship
and Popular
Revolt
1848: The Revolution
of the Liberals
Age of Revolution-1830-1848
( can be divided under three stages)
12. The Romantic Imagination and National Feeling
Use of culture to create idea of a Nation.
Romantic artists and poets generally criticized the glorification of reason and science.
Focused instead on emotions, intuition and mystical feelings.
Used Art Poetry Stories & Music to shape nationalists feelings.
Collected Folklores to spread Nationalism even among illiterates.
Language also played a vital role for e.g. The use of Polish language in Poland came
to be seen as a symbol of the struggle against Russian dominance.
13. HUNGER, HARDSHIP AND REVOLT
The 1830s were years of great economic hardship in Europe.
The first half of the nineteenth century saw an enormous increase in population all over Europe.
Large Scale rural migration to cities led to overcrowded cities and reduced Jobs
Stiff competition between hand made goods and cheap machine made goods
Peasants burdened with feudal dues as in rural areas aristocracy was still enjoying the power.
The rise of food prices or a year of bad harvest led to widespread pauperism in town and
country.
Peasants and weavers revolted and Louis Philippe was forced to flee.
14. The Revolution of the Liberals- 1848
French Monarchy uprooted by revolt of 1848 & a Republic had been proclaimed.
Demand of liberal middle classes for constitutionalism with National Unification.
In Germany Professionals businessmen, Artisans decided to vote for all German National assembly.
Frankfurt Parliament organized in Church of St. Paul. constitution was drafted for a German nation to be
headed by a monarchy subject to a parliament ,
Offered the crown to Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia. He rejected joined other monarchs to oppose the
elected assembly
15. Continued………
Social base of parliament shifted to middle class dominance.
Lost the support of workers and artisans.
Political associations were formed by women for Political Rights.
Conservative forces suppressed liberals .
Fearing future revolutions Monarchs introduced changes .
Serfdom and bonded labour abolished.
16. The Making Of Germany
In may 1848 the liberal attempt to set up a constitutional monarchy at
Frankfurt was suppressed by the monarchy military and Junkers.
After the failure of the German National Assembly , Prussian Chief Minister
Otto von Bismarck took the lead in German Unification
Three Wars for 7 years with Austria, Denmark and France completed German
unification.
Prussian King Kaiser William –I become the emperor of United Germany .
Currency Banking and Judicial System was legalized
17. Unification of Italy
Italy was divided in 7 states of which only one, Sardinia - Piedmont was ruled by an Italian dynasty.
Ideas of Italian unification first given by Giuseppe Mazzini through his Secret Society called Young
Italy.
After his failed revolutions in 1831 and 1848 , the lead was taken by the King of Sardinia , Victor
Emmanuel -II.
Chief Minister of Sardinia, Count Cavour led the unification process by diplomatic alliance with
France to defeat Austria and unify its northern territories.
In the southern part, Giuseppe Garibaldi led the movement by involving local peasant support to
drive out the Spanish rulers.
Thus the process of unification was completed with the crowning of Victor Emmanuel-II as king of
Italy in 1861.
19. The Strange Case of Britain
No British nation existed before 18th century.
Ethnic groups like English, Welsh, Scots, inhabited British Isle having their own cultural & Political
Bases.
Growth of English Nations wealth and Power, English parliament seized monarchy in 1688.
Act Of Union-1707 between England and Scotland formed United Kingdom of Great Britain.
Systematic suppression of Scottish Culture, Language by English began. Many were drive out
of their homeland.
British helped Protestants against Catholics of Ireland.
Later Catholic Revolt as suppressed.
In 1801 Ireland was also incorporated forcibly into United Kingdom.
20. Visualizing Nation
Nations began to be portrayed as female figures called
Allegory.
Ideas like Liberty ,Justice, and Republic too were personified as
female figures.
Allegories were erected at squares to mark national Unity.
Coins and Stamps too carried their images.
Marianne represented Republic of France and Germania
portrayed German Nation
21. Nationalism and Imperialism: Balkan Issue
Balkans become the source of Nationalist
Tension in Europe after 1871
it was too a region of geographical & ethnic
variations
Inhabited by slaves & was under control of
Ottoman Empire
Ideas of nationalism swept over entire
Balkan region
One by one different Nationalities declared
their independence through struggle.
22. Continued……..
It became an area of conflict among its Nationalities and later became one of the causes
of First World War .
Each state develop jealously & hope to expand at the cost of others.
European power further complicated the situation .
They were struggling to prove their trade & military might over the others.
Countries like Russia , Germany, England, Austria- Hungary, extended their control over
Balkan Area.