The document summarizes four social science disciplines: 1. Anthropology is the study of humanity, using ethnography as its main method. It draws on various sciences to understand human culture and societies. The four subfields are archaeology, cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and biological anthropology. 2. Geography studies the physical features of the Earth and how humans affect and are affected by the environment. Physical geography examines natural phenomena while human geography focuses on population, land use, resources, and industries. 3. Sociology is the scientific study of human society and social behavior. It analyzes social groups, processes, and interactions from individual to global levels using empirical research methods.

1. DISCIPLINES IN
SOCIAL SCIENCES

2. Anthropology
The study of what makes us human.

3. • The holistic scientific and social study of
humanity, mainly using the “ethnography” as
its method.
• Anthropology draws and builds upon
knowledge from the social and biological
sciences as well as the humanities and
physical sciences.

4. The Four Subfields
1. Archaeology
- The study of past by excavation and analysis of its material
remains. Archaeologists study human culture by analyzing the
objects people have made. They carefully remove from the
ground such things as pottery and tools, and they map the
locations of houses, trash pits, and burials in order to learn
about the daily lives of a people. They also analyze human
bones and teeth to gain information on a people’s diet and the
diseases they suffered.
2. Cultural Anthropology
- Sociocultural anthropologists explore how people in different
places live and understand the world around them. They want
to know what people think is important and the rules they
make about how they should interact with one another.

5. 3. Linguistic Anthropology
- Linguistic anthropologists study the many ways people
communicate across the globe. They are interested in how
language is linked to how we see the world and how we relate
to each other.
4. Biological Anthropology
- Biological anthropologists seek to understand how humans
adapt to different environments, what causes disease and early
death, and how humans evolved from other animals.

6. Geography
The study of physical properties of the Earth,
including ho humans affect and are affected
by them.

7. • “Geography is the study of the Earth’s physical
features and environment including the impact of
human activity on these factors and vice versa. The
subject also encompasses the study of patterns of
human population distribution, land use, resource
availability, and industries.”

8. Physical Geography
Physical geography is defined as the branch of
geography that encompasses the study of the natural
features and phenomena (or processes) on the Earth.

9. Physical geography may be further subdivided into various branches:
A. Geomorphology
B. Glaciology
C. Oceanography
D. Hydrology
E. Pedology
F. Biogeography
G. Paleogeography
H. Climatology
I. Meteorology
J. Environmental geography
K. Coastal geography
L. Quaternary science
M. Geomatics
N. Landscape ecology

10. Human geography is centered on the study of the
planet’s most evolved creatures: the humans and their
environment.
HUMAN Geography

11. This branch of geography can be further subdivided into various
disciplines based on the focus of study:
A. Population geography
B. Historical geography
C. Cultural geography
D. Economic geography
E. Political geography
F. Health geography
G. Developmental geography
H. Settlement geography
I. Animal geography

12. Sociology
The study of human mind or behavior.

13. WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?
SOCIOLOGY is:
- the study of society
- a social science involving the study of the social lives of
people, groups, and societies
- the study of our behavior as social beings, covering
everything from the analysis of short contacts between
anonymous individuals on the street to the study of global
social processes
- the scientific study of social aggregations, the entities
through which humans move throughout their lives'
- an overarching unification of all studies of humankind,
including history, psychology, and economics

14. It is a social science that uses
various methods of empirical
investigation and critical
analysis to develop a body of
knowledge about social order,
disorder, and change.