1. Settlement
(a) (i) What is the meaning of the term ‘urbanisation’?
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(2 marks)
(ii) Study the following table.
Which country became more urbanised between 1950 and 2000?
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(1 mark)
(iii) Study Figure 4, which shows the percentage of population living in urban areas in different parts of the world.
Use Figure 4 to complete the following sentences. Draw a circle around the correct answer in each pair.
• The percentage of urban population in Asia in 1990 was 30/40.
• The urban population of MEDCs rose less rapidly after 1965/1975.
• The less economically developed continent with the highest percentage of people living in urban areas is
South America/Asia.

2. • The increase in the percentage of urban population in Africa between 1950 and 2020 is expected to be
30/40 percent.
(4 marks)
(c) Study Figure 6, which shows why the city of Kolkata (Calcutta) has grown as the result of migration and other
factors.
(i) Using Figure 6, give two physical and two human factors that caused a growth in Kolkata’s population.
Physical factors
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Human factors

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(4 marks)
(ii) Describe the effects of rapid growth on LEDC cities, such as Kolkata.
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(4 marks)
(iii) The table below lists some ways of coping with the rapid growth of cities in LEDCs or MEDCs.
Tick two of these ways.
Explain how they may help to cope with the rapid growth of cities.
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(4 marks)
(d) Describe an urban model of an MEDC city. You may use a labelled diagram.

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(4 marks)
(a) Study Figure 5, on the insert, maps of five British towns.
(i) Tick the two correct statements in the following table.
(ii) Suggest why Dorking has grown into a trading centre.
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(4 marks)
(b) Study Figures 6 and 7. Figure 6 is a map showing the areas of Inner and Outer London. Figure 7 gives the
population of Inner and Outer London between 1801 and 2001.

5. (i) Give two ways that the population of London
changed between 1801 and 2001.
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(2 marks)
(ii) Circle the two urban zones in the following list which are part of Outer London.
CBD Suburbs Rural–Urban fringe Inner city
(2 marks)
(c) (i) Describe two ways in which inner city areas have changed in recent years.
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(ii) Explain why one of these changes has occurred.
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(2 marks)
(d) Bangkok is the capital of Thailand, an LEDC in
South East Asia.
Study Figure 8, a sketch map of Bangkok.
(i) What is a shanty town?
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(1 mark)
(ii) Describe the distribution of shanty towns in Bangkok shown in Figure 8.

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(2 marks)
(iii) Explain why shanty towns have grown in LEDCs.
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(2 marks)
(iv) Explain how the lives of people living in some shanty towns have been improved.
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(6 marks)
(a) Study Figure 5, which shows the locations of newsagents and shoe shops in a city.

8. (a) (i) Give two facts about the distribution of the newsagents in this city.
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(2 marks)
(a) (ii) Give two facts about the distribution of the shoe shops in this city.
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(2 marks)
(a) (iii) Explain how the size of a settlement can affect the type and number of services it provides by filling in the
blanks in the following paragraph. Choose your words from the following list.
high houses markets smaller

9. villages low larger towns
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nearby. These shops mostly sell ............................................... order goods. ............................................... have a
larger sphere of influence and so are placed higher in a settlement hierarchy. In general, the .....................................
the settlement, the more goods and services it provides.
(4 marks)
(b) The CBD is a zone in a city.
(i) What do the letters CBD stand for?
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(1 mark)
(b) (ii) Tick the correct box to show whether each of the following statements about the CBD is True or False.
(iii) Study Figure 6, which shows some problems in the CBDs of cities in MEDCs.

10. Choose two of the above and explain the effects that they have had on CBDs.
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(4 marks)
(b) (iv) Using a named urban area, describe what has been done to improve the CBD.
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(Extra space)
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11. (b) Study Figure 7, below, photographs of a shanty town in an LEDC.
(c) Using Figure 7, explain why the conditions shown on the photograph are found in shanty towns.
Using Figure 7, explain why the conditions shown on the photograph are found in shanty towns.
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(4 marks)
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