The document outlines a training session on integrating the Struts framework with Hibernate for web application development. It covers the Struts 2 features, MVC architecture evolution, validation methods, and various control and data tags in Struts 2, as well as a brief introduction to Spring Framework topics for the next session. The agenda includes hands-on examples demonstrating how to configure and use Struts within Eclipse.

1. Java & JEE Training
Session 42 – Integrating Struts with Hibernate

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Agenda
• Struts 2
• Struts Action Class
• Validation
• Control Tags
• Data Tags

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Struts framework
• The struts 2 framework is used to develop MVC-based
web application.
• The struts framework was initially created by Craig
McClanahan and donated to Apache Foundation in May,
2000 and Struts 1.0 was released in June 2001.
• Craig R. McClanahan is a programmer and original
author of the Apache Struts framework for building web
applications. He was part of the expert group that
defined the servlet 2.2, 2.3 and JSP 1.1, 1.2
specifications. He is also the architect of Tomcat's servlet
container Catalina.

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Struts 2 Framework
• The Struts 2 framework is used to develop MVC (Model View Controller)
based web applications. Struts 2 is the combination of webwork
framework of opensymphony and struts 1.
struts2 = webwork + struts1

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Struts 2 Features
• Configurable MVC components
• POJO based actions
• AJAX support
• Integration support – with Hibernate, Spring etc
• Various Result Types – JSP, Freemarker, Velocity etc
• Various Tag support
• Theme and Template support

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Web Application Architecture - Evolution
• Model 1 Architecture
pag
e 5
• Navigation control is decentralized
• Time Consuming
• Hard to extend

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Web Application Architecture - Evolution
• Model 2 Architecture
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e 6
• Navigation control is centralized Now only controller contains the logic to determine the next
page.
• Easy to maintain, extend and test
• Better separation of concerns
• (SOLID principles: OOP: Single Responsibility Principle)

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Struts… building your first app
• Struts – Configuring in Eclipse demo

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Struts demo
• Login Page
• Validation Example

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Struts Action class…
A Struts Action class can be
• A simple POJO
• Implements Action
• Extends ActionSupport
• Implements Action, Validateable, Serializable etc

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Validation in Struts 2
Two ways:
• Custom validation (as shown in last class)
• Extend ActionSupport class
• Override validate() method (Derived from Validateable interface)
• addFieldError() (Derived from ValidationAware interface)
• Built-in validation
• requiredstring validator
• stringlength validator
• email validator
• date validator
• int validator
• double validator
• url validator
• regex validator

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Built-in validation
• Example:
<validators>
<!-- Field-Validator Syntax -->
<field name="username">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>username is required</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

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Struts 2 tags: Control tags
<s:if test="%{false}">
<div>Will Not Be Executed</div>
</s:if>
<s:elseif test="%{true}">
<div>Will Be Executed</div>
</s:elseif>
<s:else>
<div>Will Not Be Executed</div>
</s:else>

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Struts 2 tags: Control tags
<s:iterator value="days">
<p>day is: <s:property/></p>
</s:iterator>

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Struts 2 tags: Control tags
<s:merge var="myMergedIterator">
<s:param value="%{myList1}" />
<s:param value="%{myList2}" />
<s:param value="%{myList3}" />
</s:merge>
<s:iterator value="%{#myMergedIterator}">
<s:property />
</s:iterator>

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Struts 2 tags: Control tags
<s:append var="myAppendIterator">
<s:param value="%{myList1}" />
<s:param value="%{myList2}" />
<s:param value="%{myList3}" />
</s:append>
<s:iterator value="%{#myAppendIterator}">
<s:property />
</s:iterator>

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Struts 2 – Data tags
<-- First Syntax -->
<s:include value="myJsp.jsp" />
<-- Second Syntax -->
<s:include value="myJsp.jsp">
<s:param name="param1" value="value2" />
<s:param name="param2" value="value2" />
</s:include>
<-- Third Syntax -->
<s:include value="myJsp.jsp">
<s:param name="param1">value1</s:param>
<s:param name="param2">value2</s:param>
</s:include>

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Struts 2 – Data tags
<s:bean name="org.apache.struts2.util.Counter" var="counter">
<s:param name="first" value="20"/>
<s:param name="last" value="25" />
</s:bean>

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Declarative validation
//<ActionClassName>-validation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
Use appropriate DTD here!!
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<validators>
<field name="username">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<message>Name can't be blank</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

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Topics to be covered in next session
Spring Framework
• Core Container
• Data Access/Integration
• Web Layer
• Spring Setup
• Key features
• Spring Bean
• Dependency Injection
• Relation between DI and IoC
• Spring IoC Containers
• Spring DI

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Thank you!