This document summarizes research presented at a conference on the implementation of advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) in China's wood products industry. The research explored the role and potential of personnel during AMT implementation in the furniture industry. It studied the drivers and barriers to AMT adoption, the impact on employees, and how to maximize personnel potential. Data was collected through case studies of four furniture firms, interviews with managers and employees, and questionnaires administered before and after AMT implementation. The results identified key drivers like improving productivity and reducing labor costs and barriers such as difficulties preparing managers and workers for changes. Employee motivation and satisfaction indicators were also measured and analyzed.
The document provides an overview of the furniture industry in India. It notes that the industry has an estimated market size of Rs. 65,000 crores, with 80% falling in the unorganized sector. It produces a wide variety of furniture types including for homes, offices, hotels, and more. The top materials used are wood, metal, and plastic. The industry employs around 500,000 workers but faces challenges from unorganized sectors and low annual per capita spending on furniture. New online retailers are emerging as well to tap the growing market.
This document provides the schedule and program details for the 2011 Sustainable Disaster Relief Housing Conference held in Ottawa, Canada. The two-day conference included sessions on defining needs, identifying solutions, and refining responses to disasters. Speakers represented organizations involved in disaster relief and discussed topics such as rebuilding challenges, transitional shelter solutions, innovative wood structures, and building codes. Panelists shared experiences from recent events such as earthquakes in Haiti, Japan, and Chile. The program aimed to arrive at timely and affordable sustainable solutions for disaster housing.
The document discusses various guides published by the American Wood Council for constructing housing in disaster-prone areas. It summarizes the Caribbean Basin Builder's Guide, which provides simplified construction approaches for 150 mph winds and seismic category D2 areas. The guide focuses on panelized construction of small modular structures that can be joined, have prefabricated walls, and emphasizes foundations and roof systems suitable for high winds. The guide is available in English, Spanish and French from the AWC website.
1. Laprise Homes presented itself as a leader in the prefabricated home industry in Quebec.
2. After the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the Canadian Red Cross announced a program to provide 7,500 transitional wooden shelters. Laprise Homes was awarded an initial contract to construct 3,750 units.
3. Identifying needs in Haiti posed challenges including debris removal, land ownership issues, lack of infrastructure, and hurricane season. The shelter design needed to be quick to install, durable, portable, and safe for occupants and the environment.
The document discusses the importance of training as a key element in post-disaster reconstruction. It notes that Canadian organizations have extensive experience providing construction training internationally, but that a gap often remains between Canadian capacity and reconstruction needs. To help close this gap, the document recommends incorporating comprehensive training programs into proposals for disaster relief housing. Such programs would train local construction workers, inspectors, and officials on building techniques like wood-frame construction and building sciences to help ensure structures are built safely and durably.
This document summarizes a presentation on rebuilding after disasters from a loss mitigation perspective. It discusses how building codes and construction practices have improved over time to reduce losses from hurricanes. Research on homes damaged by Hurricane Charley in 2004 showed that newer homes built to stronger codes suffered less damage and filed fewer claims than older homes. Retrofitting existing homes with techniques like FORTIFIED designations can also improve wind resistance.
This document discusses the requirements for rebuilding efforts after disasters. It outlines three levels of requirements - basic, intermediate, and expert - related to land, infrastructure, permits, construction materials, logistics, and community buy-in. Coordinating rebuilding in an emergency context is challenging due to the many stakeholders involved. The speaker advocates agreeing in advance on goals, roles, and a plan to bring together all the "pieces of the puzzle." SOCODEVI's role is to organize communities to obtain land, financing, plans, and guarantees to support sustainable housing solutions.
A powerful 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck Chile in 2010, killing over 500 people, displacing 800,000, and causing extensive damage. Over 370,000 homes, 4,538 schools, and 67 hospitals were destroyed. The total reconstruction costs were estimated at $30 billion. The document discusses the destruction, needs of the people including housing, schools and infrastructure, as well as challenges facing reconstruction including overcrowding and lack of basic services. It emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts and prefabricated housing to expedite rebuilding.
The document provides an overview of the furniture industry in India. It notes that the industry has an estimated market size of Rs. 65,000 crores, with 80% falling in the unorganized sector. It produces a wide variety of furniture types including for homes, offices, hotels, and more. The top materials used are wood, metal, and plastic. The industry employs around 500,000 workers but faces challenges from unorganized sectors and low annual per capita spending on furniture. New online retailers are emerging as well to tap the growing market.
This document provides the schedule and program details for the 2011 Sustainable Disaster Relief Housing Conference held in Ottawa, Canada. The two-day conference included sessions on defining needs, identifying solutions, and refining responses to disasters. Speakers represented organizations involved in disaster relief and discussed topics such as rebuilding challenges, transitional shelter solutions, innovative wood structures, and building codes. Panelists shared experiences from recent events such as earthquakes in Haiti, Japan, and Chile. The program aimed to arrive at timely and affordable sustainable solutions for disaster housing.
The document discusses various guides published by the American Wood Council for constructing housing in disaster-prone areas. It summarizes the Caribbean Basin Builder's Guide, which provides simplified construction approaches for 150 mph winds and seismic category D2 areas. The guide focuses on panelized construction of small modular structures that can be joined, have prefabricated walls, and emphasizes foundations and roof systems suitable for high winds. The guide is available in English, Spanish and French from the AWC website.
1. Laprise Homes presented itself as a leader in the prefabricated home industry in Quebec.
2. After the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the Canadian Red Cross announced a program to provide 7,500 transitional wooden shelters. Laprise Homes was awarded an initial contract to construct 3,750 units.
3. Identifying needs in Haiti posed challenges including debris removal, land ownership issues, lack of infrastructure, and hurricane season. The shelter design needed to be quick to install, durable, portable, and safe for occupants and the environment.
The document discusses the importance of training as a key element in post-disaster reconstruction. It notes that Canadian organizations have extensive experience providing construction training internationally, but that a gap often remains between Canadian capacity and reconstruction needs. To help close this gap, the document recommends incorporating comprehensive training programs into proposals for disaster relief housing. Such programs would train local construction workers, inspectors, and officials on building techniques like wood-frame construction and building sciences to help ensure structures are built safely and durably.
This document summarizes a presentation on rebuilding after disasters from a loss mitigation perspective. It discusses how building codes and construction practices have improved over time to reduce losses from hurricanes. Research on homes damaged by Hurricane Charley in 2004 showed that newer homes built to stronger codes suffered less damage and filed fewer claims than older homes. Retrofitting existing homes with techniques like FORTIFIED designations can also improve wind resistance.
This document discusses the requirements for rebuilding efforts after disasters. It outlines three levels of requirements - basic, intermediate, and expert - related to land, infrastructure, permits, construction materials, logistics, and community buy-in. Coordinating rebuilding in an emergency context is challenging due to the many stakeholders involved. The speaker advocates agreeing in advance on goals, roles, and a plan to bring together all the "pieces of the puzzle." SOCODEVI's role is to organize communities to obtain land, financing, plans, and guarantees to support sustainable housing solutions.
A powerful 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck Chile in 2010, killing over 500 people, displacing 800,000, and causing extensive damage. Over 370,000 homes, 4,538 schools, and 67 hospitals were destroyed. The total reconstruction costs were estimated at $30 billion. The document discusses the destruction, needs of the people including housing, schools and infrastructure, as well as challenges facing reconstruction including overcrowding and lack of basic services. It emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts and prefabricated housing to expedite rebuilding.
The document discusses design and treatment specifications for durable disaster relief housing. It outlines various durability concerns like moisture management and termite resistance. It provides design solutions like pitched roofs, raised floors, and integrated termite management. It also discusses preservative treatment options for different wood species and termite hazards, emphasizing borate treatment.
The document discusses opportunities for public-private cooperation between USSOUTHCOM and private sector partners in areas like disaster relief, humanitarian assistance, and addressing transnational challenges. It provides examples of how partnerships have added value for both parties by leveraging resources, expertise, and developing advocates. Guidelines are outlined to ensure engagements are legal and avoid issues like outsourcing or direct donations. The summary focuses on the key topics and opportunities discussed in the document.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Steve Jobs gave a commencement speech at Stanford where he said that the only way to be truly satisfied is to do work you believe is great by loving what you do. The Natural Resources Research Institute is developing containerized, ready-to-assemble housing units that can be easily shipped and constructed on-site using pre-packed building materials and connectors for timber structures. A video on the research housing is available online.
This presentation discusses opportunities for the wood products industry in disaster relief and rebuilding efforts. It outlines the global scale of housing losses from disasters and proposes North American light-frame wood construction as a solution. The presentation describes a case study of a Canadian company providing prefabricated houses in Indonesia after the 2004 tsunami. It then proposes a delivery model of a "Canadian shelter cluster" to integrate Canadian industry, resources, and expertise into humanitarian relief through partnerships between government, NGOs, and private organizations. The presentation recommends this holistic approach could offer shelter as well as expertise in sustainable forestry, wood manufacturing, building codes, and home financing.
This document discusses social housing needs in Nunavut, Canada. It notes that Nunavut has over 30,000 people spread across 26 remote communities with no road connections and housing is a major challenge. Nearly half of the approximately 8,500 dwellings do not meet Canadian standards and there is currently a shortage of 3,000 units. A structural insulated panel system was proposed that provides high insulation values of R-40 walls and R-50 floors and roofs, while allowing for extremely tight construction with negligible air leakage. Modeling showed this solution could reduce annual heating costs by over 40% compared to the existing construction method.
1) Eddie Argenal presented on lessons learned from providing prefabricated shelters and settlements assistance following disasters like the 2010 Haiti earthquake.
2) Context is extremely important for shelter interventions, as the conditions in places like Haiti involve high poverty, unemployment, vulnerability to hazards, and limited institutional capacity.
3) Transitional shelter approaches that link relief with longer-term development are preferable to purely temporary or permanent solutions. Considerations like land issues, rubble removal, and urban density must be factored in.
- The document summarizes the impact of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan and the progress of recovery efforts. It describes the enormous damage caused, including over 15,800 deaths, and outlines reconstruction achievements like repairing major highways and rail lines in a matter of weeks. It highlights the rapid recovery of ports, airports, and supply chains beyond expectations. Overall it conveys a message of resilience in the face of unprecedented challenges through coordinated recovery efforts.
Credit unions played an important role in post-disaster housing reconstruction in Sri Lanka after the 2004 tsunami. As locally owned and governed cooperative financial institutions, credit unions were able to [1] choose vulnerable families to receive housing, [2] involve members in the construction process to address issues of conflict and corruption, and [3] design culturally appropriate housing that addressed water, sanitation, and land ownership challenges. While credit unions leveraged their local knowledge and networks, oversight from an objective third party was still needed to ensure transparency, quality, and adherence to realistic timelines during the reconstruction process.
The document describes experiments on forced fluid imbibition in a powder-packed column. The objectives are to develop a tool to measure contact angles and surface energies for both spontaneous and non-spontaneous imbibing liquids in powders. The experiments apply vacuum to induce imbibition in cases where the wetting angle is larger than 90 degrees. Image analysis is used to measure rising rates of different liquids, including hexane, water, methanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol under varying vacuum conditions. The results show reproducibility is better for hexane than water, and rising rates increase with higher vacuum levels and lower liquid viscosity.
WoodWorks is expanding its pilot program to promote structural wood in commercial construction. The program originally focused on specific regions but will now operate nationwide. It has been successful through educating architects and engineers, providing technical assistance, and supporting projects from design through construction. Over 500 building conversions have been achieved already worth over $128 million. New focus areas include engaging with national accounts on multiple building projects, promoting mid-rise wood buildings, targeting the school market, and developing building systems using cross laminated timber and tall wood walls. "Wood champions" who advocate for wood will influence other initiatives. Tools used in outreach include carbon calculators and an online resource center.
The document discusses value addition to wood resources through the production and export of garden furniture in Ghana. It analyzes the recovery rates and costs associated with converting lumber to garden furniture for 11 wood species used. Key findings include:
1) The average recovery rate for converting lumber to garden furniture was 59.07%. Higher value species like Odum had higher recovery rates.
2) Producing garden furniture added significant value, with furniture prices averaging €2,000/m3 compared to €368/m3 for lumber.
3) Total production costs averaged €1,869/m3, leaving a 6.55% profit margin. Higher costs were found for scenarios where all costs went to furniture versus
This document summarizes a study on entrepreneurship in the forest products industry in southern Malawi. The study aimed to identify the characteristics of entrepreneurs in Malawi's distressed economic environment. It found that most forest product entrepreneurs were necessity-driven with only primary education and little business experience. Key success factors included honest business practices, negotiation skills, adequate finances, and vocational training. Entrepreneurs faced challenges such as lack of capital, desired business training, low customer incomes, deforestation, and lack of wood drying and basic power tools. Some innovated by creating lathes and utilizing new tree species. The study provides insights into entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa's informal sector.
This document summarizes a study on green jobs in the Louisiana forest sector supply chain. It provides definitions of green jobs and outlines 7 green job activity categories. It then describes Louisiana's forest sector economy and the study objectives, which were to characterize green jobs, estimate current green job numbers and wages, and predict future green job growth. The methodology section explains that a survey was mailed to over 7,000 Louisiana companies in forest sector industries. Key findings include that 80% of respondents believe sustainability is important, though only 31% say green practices are a priority. 24% of companies reported current projects that could create green jobs related to education, energy efficiency and renewable energy.
Wood interiors may provide health benefits in hospitals. A study examined the effects of wood, nature elements, and artwork in patient rooms. Focus groups found preferences for material variety and contrasts. An online survey showed intermediate wood use was most liked in patient rooms. A hospital study found no significant differences between rooms with paintings, nature, or wood on patient outcomes like pain or stress. More research is needed on how nature benefits health in different contexts.
This document describes using time domain reflectometry (TDR) to measure moisture content in green hardwood logs stored in wet decks. It details developing calibration curves to predict moisture content from TDR readings for various hardwood species. Two field studies were conducted with treatments of nominal and reduced sprinkler rates to evaluate TDR for monitoring moisture content in operational wet decks over time. The results indicate TDR is effective for measuring hardwood moisture content and applicable to monitoring wet decks.
This document describes a study that used near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to develop calibrations to estimate wood properties (density, modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR)) of multiple pine species. Samples from 8 pine species growing in Brazil were collected and tested for wood properties. NIR spectra were collected on the radial and transverse faces. Calibrations using NIR spectra provided reasonably strong estimations of density, MOE, and MOR across all pine species. Transverse face spectra produced slightly better calibrations than radial face spectra. The lab-based FOSS static spectrometer produced the strongest calibrations overall.
This document discusses whether test results should always be adjusted to 12% moisture content (MC). It presents results from an experiment testing different wood species, sizes, and treatments, including control and heat treatments. The wood samples were conditioned in different environments (condition chamber, outside air, enclosed over water) before mechanical testing. The document concludes that results should not be adjusted for MC if samples were conditioned under the same environment for sufficient time to equalize, and cites a previous editorial supporting not adjusting for MC differences caused by the treatment being tested.
This document discusses novel hemicellulose materials based on wood pulps being developed at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. VTT is investing heavily in industrial biomaterials research with 75 person years in 2009 increasing to 125 person years by 2013. This research combines multidisciplinary expertise to develop breakthrough applications for renewing industries using high performing biomass-based materials. Specific technologies discussed include hemicellulose dispersions for barriers with promising oxygen and moisture barrier properties. Soluble xylan derivatives are also discussed which form transparent, flexible films with good oxygen barrier performance.
Prescriptive analytics BA4206 Anna University PPTFreelance
Business analysis - Prescriptive analytics Introduction to Prescriptive analytics
Prescriptive Modeling
Non Linear Optimization
Demonstrating Business Performance Improvement
Efficient PHP Development Solutions for Dynamic Web ApplicationsHarwinder Singh
Unlock the full potential of your web projects with our expert PHP development solutions. From robust backend systems to dynamic front-end interfaces, we deliver scalable, secure, and high-performance applications tailored to your needs. Trust our skilled team to transform your ideas into reality with custom PHP programming, ensuring seamless functionality and a superior user experience.
The document discusses design and treatment specifications for durable disaster relief housing. It outlines various durability concerns like moisture management and termite resistance. It provides design solutions like pitched roofs, raised floors, and integrated termite management. It also discusses preservative treatment options for different wood species and termite hazards, emphasizing borate treatment.
The document discusses opportunities for public-private cooperation between USSOUTHCOM and private sector partners in areas like disaster relief, humanitarian assistance, and addressing transnational challenges. It provides examples of how partnerships have added value for both parties by leveraging resources, expertise, and developing advocates. Guidelines are outlined to ensure engagements are legal and avoid issues like outsourcing or direct donations. The summary focuses on the key topics and opportunities discussed in the document.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Steve Jobs gave a commencement speech at Stanford where he said that the only way to be truly satisfied is to do work you believe is great by loving what you do. The Natural Resources Research Institute is developing containerized, ready-to-assemble housing units that can be easily shipped and constructed on-site using pre-packed building materials and connectors for timber structures. A video on the research housing is available online.
This presentation discusses opportunities for the wood products industry in disaster relief and rebuilding efforts. It outlines the global scale of housing losses from disasters and proposes North American light-frame wood construction as a solution. The presentation describes a case study of a Canadian company providing prefabricated houses in Indonesia after the 2004 tsunami. It then proposes a delivery model of a "Canadian shelter cluster" to integrate Canadian industry, resources, and expertise into humanitarian relief through partnerships between government, NGOs, and private organizations. The presentation recommends this holistic approach could offer shelter as well as expertise in sustainable forestry, wood manufacturing, building codes, and home financing.
This document discusses social housing needs in Nunavut, Canada. It notes that Nunavut has over 30,000 people spread across 26 remote communities with no road connections and housing is a major challenge. Nearly half of the approximately 8,500 dwellings do not meet Canadian standards and there is currently a shortage of 3,000 units. A structural insulated panel system was proposed that provides high insulation values of R-40 walls and R-50 floors and roofs, while allowing for extremely tight construction with negligible air leakage. Modeling showed this solution could reduce annual heating costs by over 40% compared to the existing construction method.
1) Eddie Argenal presented on lessons learned from providing prefabricated shelters and settlements assistance following disasters like the 2010 Haiti earthquake.
2) Context is extremely important for shelter interventions, as the conditions in places like Haiti involve high poverty, unemployment, vulnerability to hazards, and limited institutional capacity.
3) Transitional shelter approaches that link relief with longer-term development are preferable to purely temporary or permanent solutions. Considerations like land issues, rubble removal, and urban density must be factored in.
- The document summarizes the impact of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan and the progress of recovery efforts. It describes the enormous damage caused, including over 15,800 deaths, and outlines reconstruction achievements like repairing major highways and rail lines in a matter of weeks. It highlights the rapid recovery of ports, airports, and supply chains beyond expectations. Overall it conveys a message of resilience in the face of unprecedented challenges through coordinated recovery efforts.
Credit unions played an important role in post-disaster housing reconstruction in Sri Lanka after the 2004 tsunami. As locally owned and governed cooperative financial institutions, credit unions were able to [1] choose vulnerable families to receive housing, [2] involve members in the construction process to address issues of conflict and corruption, and [3] design culturally appropriate housing that addressed water, sanitation, and land ownership challenges. While credit unions leveraged their local knowledge and networks, oversight from an objective third party was still needed to ensure transparency, quality, and adherence to realistic timelines during the reconstruction process.
The document describes experiments on forced fluid imbibition in a powder-packed column. The objectives are to develop a tool to measure contact angles and surface energies for both spontaneous and non-spontaneous imbibing liquids in powders. The experiments apply vacuum to induce imbibition in cases where the wetting angle is larger than 90 degrees. Image analysis is used to measure rising rates of different liquids, including hexane, water, methanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol under varying vacuum conditions. The results show reproducibility is better for hexane than water, and rising rates increase with higher vacuum levels and lower liquid viscosity.
WoodWorks is expanding its pilot program to promote structural wood in commercial construction. The program originally focused on specific regions but will now operate nationwide. It has been successful through educating architects and engineers, providing technical assistance, and supporting projects from design through construction. Over 500 building conversions have been achieved already worth over $128 million. New focus areas include engaging with national accounts on multiple building projects, promoting mid-rise wood buildings, targeting the school market, and developing building systems using cross laminated timber and tall wood walls. "Wood champions" who advocate for wood will influence other initiatives. Tools used in outreach include carbon calculators and an online resource center.
The document discusses value addition to wood resources through the production and export of garden furniture in Ghana. It analyzes the recovery rates and costs associated with converting lumber to garden furniture for 11 wood species used. Key findings include:
1) The average recovery rate for converting lumber to garden furniture was 59.07%. Higher value species like Odum had higher recovery rates.
2) Producing garden furniture added significant value, with furniture prices averaging €2,000/m3 compared to €368/m3 for lumber.
3) Total production costs averaged €1,869/m3, leaving a 6.55% profit margin. Higher costs were found for scenarios where all costs went to furniture versus
This document summarizes a study on entrepreneurship in the forest products industry in southern Malawi. The study aimed to identify the characteristics of entrepreneurs in Malawi's distressed economic environment. It found that most forest product entrepreneurs were necessity-driven with only primary education and little business experience. Key success factors included honest business practices, negotiation skills, adequate finances, and vocational training. Entrepreneurs faced challenges such as lack of capital, desired business training, low customer incomes, deforestation, and lack of wood drying and basic power tools. Some innovated by creating lathes and utilizing new tree species. The study provides insights into entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa's informal sector.
This document summarizes a study on green jobs in the Louisiana forest sector supply chain. It provides definitions of green jobs and outlines 7 green job activity categories. It then describes Louisiana's forest sector economy and the study objectives, which were to characterize green jobs, estimate current green job numbers and wages, and predict future green job growth. The methodology section explains that a survey was mailed to over 7,000 Louisiana companies in forest sector industries. Key findings include that 80% of respondents believe sustainability is important, though only 31% say green practices are a priority. 24% of companies reported current projects that could create green jobs related to education, energy efficiency and renewable energy.
Wood interiors may provide health benefits in hospitals. A study examined the effects of wood, nature elements, and artwork in patient rooms. Focus groups found preferences for material variety and contrasts. An online survey showed intermediate wood use was most liked in patient rooms. A hospital study found no significant differences between rooms with paintings, nature, or wood on patient outcomes like pain or stress. More research is needed on how nature benefits health in different contexts.
This document describes using time domain reflectometry (TDR) to measure moisture content in green hardwood logs stored in wet decks. It details developing calibration curves to predict moisture content from TDR readings for various hardwood species. Two field studies were conducted with treatments of nominal and reduced sprinkler rates to evaluate TDR for monitoring moisture content in operational wet decks over time. The results indicate TDR is effective for measuring hardwood moisture content and applicable to monitoring wet decks.
This document describes a study that used near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to develop calibrations to estimate wood properties (density, modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR)) of multiple pine species. Samples from 8 pine species growing in Brazil were collected and tested for wood properties. NIR spectra were collected on the radial and transverse faces. Calibrations using NIR spectra provided reasonably strong estimations of density, MOE, and MOR across all pine species. Transverse face spectra produced slightly better calibrations than radial face spectra. The lab-based FOSS static spectrometer produced the strongest calibrations overall.
This document discusses whether test results should always be adjusted to 12% moisture content (MC). It presents results from an experiment testing different wood species, sizes, and treatments, including control and heat treatments. The wood samples were conditioned in different environments (condition chamber, outside air, enclosed over water) before mechanical testing. The document concludes that results should not be adjusted for MC if samples were conditioned under the same environment for sufficient time to equalize, and cites a previous editorial supporting not adjusting for MC differences caused by the treatment being tested.
This document discusses novel hemicellulose materials based on wood pulps being developed at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. VTT is investing heavily in industrial biomaterials research with 75 person years in 2009 increasing to 125 person years by 2013. This research combines multidisciplinary expertise to develop breakthrough applications for renewing industries using high performing biomass-based materials. Specific technologies discussed include hemicellulose dispersions for barriers with promising oxygen and moisture barrier properties. Soluble xylan derivatives are also discussed which form transparent, flexible films with good oxygen barrier performance.
Prescriptive analytics BA4206 Anna University PPTFreelance
Business analysis - Prescriptive analytics Introduction to Prescriptive analytics
Prescriptive Modeling
Non Linear Optimization
Demonstrating Business Performance Improvement
Efficient PHP Development Solutions for Dynamic Web ApplicationsHarwinder Singh
Unlock the full potential of your web projects with our expert PHP development solutions. From robust backend systems to dynamic front-end interfaces, we deliver scalable, secure, and high-performance applications tailored to your needs. Trust our skilled team to transform your ideas into reality with custom PHP programming, ensuring seamless functionality and a superior user experience.
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Session 11 ic2011 yu
1. Implementation of Advanced 65th FPS
Int. Con.
Manufacturing Technology in the June 2011
Wood products Industry:
Exploring role and potential of personnel in
China’s furniture industry
Na Yu and Siegfried Lewark
Institute of Forest Utilization and Work Science, University of Freiburg
College of Furniture and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University
3. Introduction (continue)
Asking about innovation for next 1 or 2 years ~ (n=26)
23%
Yes
No
Not sure
12% 65%
International Furniture Fair of IMM Cologne 2009
20/6/11 56th FPS convention Portland, OR, USA N. Yu and S. Lewark 3
4. M-T-O model
Elements of a working system (after Strohm 1997, transl. S. Lewark)
- qualifications
- interests and needs
man
primary task
border regulation
border regulation
border regulation
input variations and transformation process variations and output
disturbances disturbances
secondary tasks
technology organisation
problems
- machinery - working processes
- working tools - distribution of work
- space conditions - structures of decision
- structures of communication
20/6/11 56th FPS convention Portland, OR, USA N. Yu and S. Lewark 4
5. Research questions
What are drivers and barriers to the implementation
1 of AMT in China’s furniture industry?
2 What are impacts of implementing AMT on employees?
What can be done in the implementation of AMT regarding
potential of personnel?
20/6/11 56th FPS convention Portland, OR, USA N. Yu and S. Lewark 5
6. Research methods
Case study method (Yin, 2002) .
Face to face interviews with open-ended questions
Questionnaire survey
( Job Diagnostic Survey [JDS], Hackman and Oldham1974)
?
20/6/11 56th FPS convention Portland, OR, USA N. Yu and S. Lewark 6
8. Cases description
Category Firm A Firm B Firm C Firm D
Location Jiangsu Guangdong Shenzhen Zhejiang
Size Medium Medium Large Large
Population of
Employees 500-1000 500-1000 2000 2000
Kitchen and Kitchen and
Type of Product home furniture home furniture Home furniture Office furniture
Sino-foreign joint Sino-foreign
Ownership venture Private Public joint venture
Process
Innovation CIM/MC CIM/MC CIM CIM/LP
Start of
Innovation 2009.4/2003 2006.9/2006.9 2009.5 2009.4/2008.7
CIM: computer integrated manufacturing; MC: mass customization; LP: lean production.
20/6/11 56th FPS convention Portland, OR, USA N. Yu and S. Lewark 8
9. Research procedure
Study period
(One year)
The process of implementing AMT
The first field work The second field work
& data collection & data collection
(May-Aug. 2009) (May-Aug. 2010)
Keeping in touch by phone with
production managers
20/6/11 56th FPS convention Portland, OR, USA N. Yu and S. Lewark 9
10. Research procedure (cont.)
First survey Second survey
2009.5-8 Questionnaire survey 2010.5-8 Questionnaire survey
Interviews Interviews
The AMT implementation processes
Firm A Firm A
Firm B Firm B
Firm C Firm C
Firm D Firm D
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11. Interviews (cont.)
1 Description of respondents
Code Firm A Firm B Firm C Firm D
A-1 B-1 B-2 C-1 C-2 D-1 D-2 D-3
Position Production Production Human Production Supervisor Production Human AMT
manager manager resource manager in manager resource Project
manager production management specialist
specialist
Sex Male Male Male Male Male Female Female Female
Age (y) 30–39 30–39 30–39 30–39 30–39 30–39 25–30 25–30
Education Master Bachelor Master College College Secondary Bachelor Secondary
school school
Working 4 3 1 5 2 3.5 1.5 2
experience
(y)
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12. Interviews (cont.)
2 Interview questions
• What were key drivers of introducing new AMT in the firm?
• What were main barriers in the process of implementing AMT?
• How long did it take the workers to accept the new working system?
• Were the employees willing to accept the new working system?
• How did you motivate the employees in the process of
implementing AMT?
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13. Interviews (cont.)
3 Data collection and analysis
Simultaneously recorded by a digital recorder &
handnotes
Translated by the author from Chinese into English.
A bilingual person proofread and corrected the
translations
Qualitative data analysis (Miles and Huberman,1994)
: reducing the data exploring and describing
the data deepening and explaining the data
making sense of the data and concluding the analysis
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14. Results – Key drivers
Firm A Firm B Firm C Firm D
Production ·The need to improve ·The need to improve ·The need to improve ·The need to improve
process productivity and product productivity and productivity and productivity and
quality product quality product quality product quality
·The need to improve land ·Requirement of
productivity (referring to the changes in production
limitation of land resources) process to meet wide
range of products
·The need to reduce human ·The need to reduce
error in production human error in
production
Human side ·Difficulties in recruitment ·The need to reduce ·Difficulties in ·The need to reduce
caused by shortage of skilled dependence on the recruitment caused by dependence on the
workers work skills of shortage of skilled work skills of
employees workers employees
·Increased labor costs ·The need to reduce
dependency on the
work skills of
employees
·Increased labor costs
Others ·Introducing new production ·Facing bankruptcy ·Requirement of ·Decision of top
line changes in manager were
management Influenced by visiting a
successful firm in
process innovation
15. Results – Main barriers
Firm A Firm B Firm C Firm D
Preparation ·Difficulties for middle ·Difficulties for middle ·Difficulties for middle ·Difficulties for middle
phase managers and managers and managers and managers and
supervisors to supervisors to supervisors to supervisors to
understand the new understand the new understand the new understand the new
production concept production concept production concept production concept
·Difficulties for first line ·Lack of confidence in ·Difficulties for first line
workers to understand the new working workers to understand
the new production system of middle the new production
concept managers and concept
supervisors
·Unwilling to accept ·Unwilling to accept the
the new working new working system
system for skilled for skilled workers
workers
Application ·Difficulties in ·Difficulties in process ·Shortage of qualified ·Difficulties in
phase Communication improvement and staff and workers Communication
between management optimization between management
and worker levels and worker levels
·Shortage of qualified ·Shortage of of ·Insufficient ·Insufficient
staff and workers qualified staff and understanding and understanding and
workers cooperation from other cooperation from other
departments departments
·Ill-matched ·Unsatisfied
organizational structure Organization
environment
16. Questionnaire survey
1 Questionnaire Design
Functionally designed based on the JDS. 9 sections and 18 indicators.
The JDS provides measures of a number of personal, affective reactions or
feelings a person obtains from performing the job.
2 Target group
Employees who were participating the implementation of AMT in the
case-study firms.
3 Data collection
4 Data analysis
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17. Indicators
N. Abb. Indicator N. Abb. Indicator
Skill variety 10 Knowledge of results
Task identity 11 General satisfaction
Task significance 12 Internal work motivation
Autonomy 13 Pay satisfaction
Feedback from the job itself 14 Security satisfaction
Feedback from Agents 15 Social satisfaction
Dealing with others 16 Supervisory satisfaction
Experienced meaningfulness
17 Growth satisfaction
of the work
Experienced responsibility for
18 Motivation potential score
the work
SV + TI + TS
MPS =
× Au × FJ
3
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18. Data collection
First survey (T1) Second survey (T2)
Frequency Valid Percent Frequency Valid Percent
Firm A 68 29.7% 101 18.1%
Firm B 59 25.8% 182 32.7%
Firm C 24 10.5% 85 15.3%
Firm D 78 34.1% 189 33.9%
Valid Total 229 100.0% 557 100.0%
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19. Data analysis
Correlation among indicators of the questionnaire survey (n=229)
SV TI TS Au FJ FA DO EMW ERW KR GeS IWM PaS SeS SoS SuS GrS MPS
SV 1.00 Feedback Feedback Dealing Experienced Knowledge General Payment Social Supervisory Growth
from the from with meaningfulness of results satisfaction satisfaction satisfaction satisfaction satisfaction
TI ,251** 1.00
job itself Agents others of the work
TS ,172** ,197** 1.00
Au ,354** ,322** ,271* * 1.00
FJ ,193** ,264** ,256* * ,329** 1.00 **Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed) ;
FA 0.12 ,368** ,252* * ,316** ,449** 1.00 * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);
DO ,213** ,171** ,340* * 0.13 ,180** ,215* * 1.00 Listwise N=229
EMW ,239** ,300** ,233* * ,274** ,235** ,361* * ,136* 1.00
ERW ,159* ,212** ,230* * ,228** ,196** ,277* * ,143* ,382** 1.00
KR ,153* ,272** ,173* * ,253** ,411** ,332* * 0.06 ,369** ,336** 1.00
GeS ,155* ,187** ,225* * ,281** ,211** ,326* * ,131* ,604** ,370** ,282* * 1.00
IWM 0.08 0.07 0.10 ,141* ,221** ,197* * ,261** 0.08 ,247** ,152* ,177** 1.00
PaS -0.13 0.05 0.08 ,170* ,166* ,218* * ,245** ,215** ,217** 0.11 ,424** ,185* * 1.00
SeS ,225** 0.12 ,204* * ,345** ,343** ,187* * ,153* ,327** ,249** ,254* * ,442** ,173* * ,337* * 1.00
SoS 0.08 ,246** ,160* ,244** ,270** ,196* * ,177** ,232** ,304** ,216* * ,363** ,180* * ,221* * ,324* * 1.00
SuS 0.11 ,269** ,160* ,302** ,328** ,421* * ,163* ,313** ,331** ,354* * ,429** ,197* * ,440* * ,441* * ,433* * 1.00
GrS ,265** ,245** ,239* * ,523** ,345** ,344* * ,190** ,375** ,329** ,262* * ,464** ,177* * ,346* * ,397* * ,474* * ,479* * 1.00
MPS ,501** ,513** ,480* * ,792** ,710** ,478* * ,270** ,383** ,308** ,396* * ,319** ,212* * ,189* * ,432* * ,337* * ,384* * ,544* * 1.00
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20. Data collection (Cont.)
Factors Levels Factors Levels
Sex Female / /
Male
Age Under 30 Occupation Manager
30-40 White-collar worker
Above 40 Blue-collar worker
Primary school and junior
Educational level middle school Work experience Less 2 years
High school and vocational
school 2 - 5 years
College and University Over 5 years
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21. Results (occupation)
Mean
df Square F Sig.
Occupation 2 50979.39 16.47 .00**
Phase 1 290.6 0.09 .76
Occupatio
*Phase 2 19106.07 6.17 .00**
** P<.001
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22. Results (cont.)
N Mean SD F Sig.
SV M 78 4.95 1.01 12.46 .00**
7.00 W 122 4.3 1.26
6.50 B 357 4.21 1.19
TI M 78 5.09 1.13 14.65 .00**
6.00
W 122 4.67 1.29
5.50 B 357 4.33 1.15
5.00 TS M 78 5.81 1.1 19.5 .00**
W 122 5.61 1.12
4.50
B 357 5.03 1.25
4.00 Au M 78 5.16 0.94 22.8 .00**
3.50 W 122 4.6 1.07
B 357 4.24 1.19
3.00
FJ M
SV TI TS Au FJ FA DO EMWERW KR GeS IWM PaS SeS 15.42 SuS .00**
78 5.3 1.04 SoS GrS
W 122 5.16 1.1
Managers B 357
Blue-collar workers 4.68 White-collar workers
1.11
** P<.001
The JDS indicators of employees in different occupational groups in the second phase (T2)
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23. Results (cont.)
Psychological barriers of blue-collar workers
Occupation
Emerging role of female employees
Sex
Different psychological barriers for younger and older employees
Age
Significant differences between employees
Education
with and without higher education background
Work experience is a positive factor for the AMT implenentation
Work experience
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24. Conclusions
Technological and nontechnological issues should both be considered
during process innovation.
Work redesign and motivating employees according to the results of the
assessment to eliminate people’s psychological barriers is necessary for
successful process innovation.
Integrating Human to advanced manufacturing system !
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25. Acknowledgment:
The Elisabeth und Barbara Grammel-Studienstiftung
Graduate School Environment, Society and Global Change
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