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Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Energy use in the open pond algae PBR in Lelystad and potentials for reduction 
Chris de Visser, Roelof Schipperus
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Open ponds 250 m2
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Photobioreactors 
Stock culture mix of Chorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus obliquus
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
LED light in photobioreactors
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Algae cost price (€/kg DM) production systems 
Open pond 
Electricity 
€ 3.02 
Water 
€ 0.96 
Fertilizers 
€ 0.13 
Waste water 
€ 0.09 
Tubular 
€ 3.39 
€ 0.06 
€ 0.10 
€ 0.01 
Flat panel 
€ 3.83 
€ 0.05 
€ 0.10 
€ 0.00
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Actual energy use (pond 250 m2) 
Harvest 
Device 
Energy use (KWh/day) 
Centrifuges 
Blower 
65 
Mixer 
22 
Centrifuges 
264 
Pump 
14 
…… 
Flocculation/DAF 
Blower 
65 
Mixer 
22 
Flocculation/DAF 
14 
Centrifuge 
6 
Pump 
14 
……
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Open ponds Lelystad 
Centrifuges 
Flocculation & DAF 
Outdoor 
Indoor
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Centrifuges
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
flocculant 
From the pond 
To the pond 
Harvesting with dissolved air flotation
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Experiments Indoor pond ; no sparging Indoor pond ; daytime sparging Indoor pond ; daytime sparging Indoor pond ; 24/7 sparging Outdoor pond ; full sparging
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Optical density during experiments 
0 
0,05 
0,1 
0,15 
0,2 
0,25 
0,3 
Optical density (a.u.) 
Day 
No sparging 
Daytime sparging 
Daytime sparging (2) 
24/7 sparging
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
flocculant 
From the pond 
To the pond 
Flocculants returning to the pond causing flocculation? 
Cleaning did not help.
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Outdoor pond 2014 
0 
0,5 
1 
1,5 
2 
2,5 
0 
0,1 
0,2 
0,3 
0,4 
0,5 
0,6 
0 
10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
60 
70 
Harvest (kg ds) 
Optical density (a.u.) 
Days from inoculum 
27/7 
7/8 
14/8
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Predator count outdoor pond 
0 
2000 
4000 
6000 
8000 
10000 
12000 
14000 
20/jun 
30/jun 
10/jul 
20/jul 
30/jul 
9/aug 
19/aug 
29/aug 
8/sep 
Predator count (cells/l) 
Date
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
N & P in outdoor pond 
0 
10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
60 
20/jun 
30/jun 
10/jul 
20/jul 
30/jul 
9/aug 
19/aug 
29/aug 
8/sep 
N-NO3 
N-NH4 
P-PO4 
Date 
Ammonium nitrate added 
Strong increase in brachionus 
Concentration (mg/l) 
Potassium phosphate added
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy 
Conclusions Experiments did not result in indications on energy use decrease. Flocculation/DAF has potential but problem of flocculation in pond needs to be solved. Unknown cause of growth inhibition possibly interfering with test results (low OD).
Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy

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Session 1 14h50 de visser_wur

  • 1. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy
  • 2. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Energy use in the open pond algae PBR in Lelystad and potentials for reduction Chris de Visser, Roelof Schipperus
  • 3. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Open ponds 250 m2
  • 4. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Photobioreactors Stock culture mix of Chorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus obliquus
  • 5. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy LED light in photobioreactors
  • 6. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Algae cost price (€/kg DM) production systems Open pond Electricity € 3.02 Water € 0.96 Fertilizers € 0.13 Waste water € 0.09 Tubular € 3.39 € 0.06 € 0.10 € 0.01 Flat panel € 3.83 € 0.05 € 0.10 € 0.00
  • 7. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Actual energy use (pond 250 m2) Harvest Device Energy use (KWh/day) Centrifuges Blower 65 Mixer 22 Centrifuges 264 Pump 14 …… Flocculation/DAF Blower 65 Mixer 22 Flocculation/DAF 14 Centrifuge 6 Pump 14 ……
  • 8. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Open ponds Lelystad Centrifuges Flocculation & DAF Outdoor Indoor
  • 9. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Centrifuges
  • 10. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy flocculant From the pond To the pond Harvesting with dissolved air flotation
  • 11. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Experiments Indoor pond ; no sparging Indoor pond ; daytime sparging Indoor pond ; daytime sparging Indoor pond ; 24/7 sparging Outdoor pond ; full sparging
  • 12. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Optical density during experiments 0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 Optical density (a.u.) Day No sparging Daytime sparging Daytime sparging (2) 24/7 sparging
  • 13. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy flocculant From the pond To the pond Flocculants returning to the pond causing flocculation? Cleaning did not help.
  • 14. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Outdoor pond 2014 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Harvest (kg ds) Optical density (a.u.) Days from inoculum 27/7 7/8 14/8
  • 15. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Predator count outdoor pond 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 20/jun 30/jun 10/jul 20/jul 30/jul 9/aug 19/aug 29/aug 8/sep Predator count (cells/l) Date
  • 16. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy N & P in outdoor pond 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 20/jun 30/jun 10/jul 20/jul 30/jul 9/aug 19/aug 29/aug 8/sep N-NO3 N-NH4 P-PO4 Date Ammonium nitrate added Strong increase in brachionus Concentration (mg/l) Potassium phosphate added
  • 17. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy Conclusions Experiments did not result in indications on energy use decrease. Flocculation/DAF has potential but problem of flocculation in pond needs to be solved. Unknown cause of growth inhibition possibly interfering with test results (low OD).
  • 18. Sustainable Pathways for Algal Bioenergy